Nexstar Media Group Aktie

Great. Well, good afternoon, everybody. Welcome to the Nexstar fireside chat at the Goldman Sachs Communacopia and Technology Conference. My name is Mike Ng, and I cover media cable telco here at the firm. And I have the privilege to introduce Nexstar Media Group's Founder, Chairman and CEO, Perry Sook, and then Nexstar's CFO, Lee Ann Gliha.

Thank you so much for being here today. It's an absolute privilege to have you on stage here with us.

Great. Thank you for having us.

To start off, Nexstar recently marked its 30th anniversary. Congratulations, growing from a single station in Scranton into the nation's largest local broadcaster, operating or servicing 265 full power stations across 132 markets. So to start things off, how would you characterize the operational performance and the overall health of the business today across local affiliates, the national networks and NewsNation and The CW as well as some of your emerging spectrum ventures?

Well, that's a lot. I'll see what I can do in the half hour that we have here. But I think -- first of all, I think of our company as a local media company, first and foremost, but with national scale and national scale aspirations in that what we do is the least sexy but most sticky and durable part of the media ecosystem, which is we provide a service, which is local content to local communities, and we help local businesses sell stuff.

So everything else we do, we build on top of that. NewsNation was the outgrowth of the 5,500 journalists we have scattered around 44 states in the United States that provide content upstream to the news network. Acquiring The CW was done to make it a better network for the owned and operated stations, of which today, we own about 60% of the national distribution of The CW through our owned and operated stations. So everything we do is through the lens of what can benefit our go-to-market option for viewers and advertising -- advertisers locally. So that's different than a lot of other companies that focus from the top down and what's good for the network. It's what's good for the stations will inform what we do with the network.

And so it's through a local lens, and we have a 2,500-person local sales and national sales organization that we have business relationships with approximately 47,000 SMBs across 44 states in the United States. So that is an extremely durable long-tail relationship, we think. So operationally, we're performing ahead of our plan, which is the plan we use to inform our EBITDA and free cash flow guidance to all of you. So we feel good about that. Political is very stout right now, as you can imagine, post Labor Day and has been all year defying or at least overachieving our expectations, and we think that will continue.

As you know, half of the money that's spent in all political advertising for the year will be spent between a week from Monday and election day. So that 7 weeks will determine the tale of the tape, but we feel very good about our ability to deliver political, not only on the Nexstar platform, but then what TEGNA is doing on their platform. And obviously, we get the benefit of that revenue and free cash flow, and Lee Ann has been using all of that to pay down debt. So we feel very good about the company. We want to clear this jurisprudence underbrush eventually. But we have the benefit of owning and operating or at least overseeing the operations of the TEGNA assets through their financial performance, which is basically our only lens into the business.

But as time goes on, our worst-case scenario is we continue to pay down debt. It's not like we have escalating fees or things get worse as time goes on. So from that perspective, we're in the best place possible given the cards we've been dealt. And we will do what we always do, which is keep our head down and do the work and continue to find ways to make a more efficient operation, a more expansive operation and continue to improve our balance sheet.

Great. I would love to dive into the TEGNA integration and the hold separate order a little bit more. How is management running the business through this interim period while remaining compliant with the court order? What can you do from an integration readiness perspective so that you can hit the ground running once you get the clarity that you're able to do so? Obviously, a highly unusual situation, but would just love your thoughts on all that.

Yes, I'll take that. We obviously can't run the business right now pursuant to the court order. But there is a team that's in place. We -- Pat Paolini, who joined TEGNA as the CEO, who comes from Fox, is a phenomenal operator, is energizing that business and continuing to help that business generate the cash flows that it historically has.

So I think we feel very good about that. The business is also subject to limitations on what it can do with respect to the court order and with respect to the interim operating covenants that we had prior to the merger that are still in place. But I think everything is continuing to operate as we had seen and expected. I think from an integration perspective, there's also not a lot we can do there as a result of the court order currently. But as you might imagine, and as I think we talked about leading up to this, we have done -- we did an incredible amount of diligence, very, very detailed diligence really looking at under every rock and figuring out exactly what our integration plans are going to be really down to the line item detail.

So we feel like the minute that we're able to kind of dust off those plans and get back in business, we will be in good shape to kind of push the button on that.

Nexstar is the largest local broadcaster. So you're in a unique and very well positioned to talk about the FCC national audience reach cap, which the FCC voted to repeal that 39% cap back in August. How does removing the cap change your longer-term M&A strategy? What is that regulatory modernization? I think everybody would agree that it is a bit of an antiquated rule. What does it allow local broadcasters to do that they couldn't do before?

Well, let me say first that the removal of the national ownership cap restrictions against broadcasting and then dealing with the quadrennial review process, which is open proceeding in front of the FCC, which we think will lead to modernization of both the local ownership rules that govern in-market conduct of both radio and television.

We think if Chairman Carr accomplishes that, which we think he will likely by the end of the year, I think that we will look at Chairman Carr as the most consequential FCC Chairman in modern times to actually do what he's been talking about doing since he was a commissioner under Ajit Pai and Jessica Rosenworcel of eliminating these ridiculously outdated rules to allow the industry the ability to compete on a more level playing field, at least in the domestic U.S. with big media and big tech.

And just take the politics out of it, those accomplishments would be seminal and really, I think, consequential. So what it does for us is if those impediments are taken away, then we can continue to grow our footprint. We can continue to grow and add in markets that would be of significant importance for distribution and advertising to the CW to our owned and operated station portfolio that would benefit the network. And I think will allow for more rationalization and consolidation of the industry.

If you look at most industries, the arc of how they grow, there becomes usually a dominant player in the industry, a secondary player that is maybe not as large, but has similar characteristics and then a lot of smaller players that are less strategically important to the industry that ultimately get consolidated up either by private equity or the 2 strategic players. To some extent, that started to play out in broadcasting. It certainly, I think, plays out in streaming. I think it's playing out in cable in front of us. And so this is typically what happens as industries mature. So we see that definitely playing out here and these -- removing the restrictions from allowing the industry to react more to market forces, I think, is extremely important, and I think extremely important for the health of this industry.

I think the contrary to that is having done nothing local television would look a lot like local newspaper, which is there's not much left there to deregulate. So you can't wait too long. So it comes not a moment too soon, and I think will be strategically important to the health of retaining local journalism. And I would argue we're at the last bastion of that given the diminution of newspaper in the vast majority of the country and in allowing this local industry to continue to survive.

That's a great segue. Maybe we can talk a little bit about local journalism, local broadcasting as a trusted service for the public. Talk about the importance of local news. How do you differentiate the brand? And what are some of the practical benefits of being able to operate a national footprint of local newsrooms as well as national properties like NewsNation and the CW?

Well, as we said, our local newsrooms around the country and our local journalists were the seed corn that allowed us to create a new alternative national news network in the cable news space, which is NewsNation, which is seen as the most unbiased and neutral reporter and unbiased coverage in high-end enterprise reporting.

We serve kind of the center of opinion and the center of America unlike other news networks. And if you look at the -- just the sheer growth of NewsNation from where it was to where it is in its 5 years, the growth has been phenomenal, which I think says there is a thirst for and an increasing acceptance of that product, which since it was all organically grown and self-funded is -- that organic growth is purely [indiscernible] in of the benefit because there's no real additional cost of building out the network. It's there. We're 24/7. And so we will continue to promote it and continue to look for unique opportunities to differentiate ourselves from the echo chambers that are on the left and the right.

And again, I think that we are very gratified with the growth, but nowhere satisfied with the destination that we are at today. We employ more local journalists in the United States than any other news organization on the face of the earth. And we take that responsibility very seriously. We produce, including TEGNA, in excess of 400,000 hours of local content every year. And that's far more than anybody else does in television or any form of video media in the United States. And it's -- again, our local news are seen as unbiased and centrist of opinion and centrist of coverage. And so what we're doing at national is really just an extension of what we've been doing locally all the time. Give me the news, I'll make my own decisions.

And so that's the real cornerstone of our company. And as I said, local is our North Star. And so everything we do starts from that local journalism base. The ability to get bigger, the ability to operate 2 separate news products under the same roof allows us to not have to spend duplicate administrative costs on maintaining a separate building. And it is our interest to have our news products reach as many different and cumulative audiences as possible. So the idea that we would somehow eliminate news or put the same product on both stations as a business practice across the country is contra to the way that we generate our revenue.

We make half of our money in advertising from our local news broadcast across the entire Nexstar portfolio. So why would we do anything to harm this? What we're trying to do is consolidate operations to maintain jobs, increase the amount of local content. We've committed to the regulatory agencies we'd increase the amount of local content that the TEGNA stations do or we do in these TEGNA markets on an all-in basis. And it's in our businesses to do that. We're not doing that altruistically, we're doing it because it makes good business sense because that's the only IP that we own.

That's the only product that we manufacture ourselves. Everything else, we're a middleman and a vendee of people that sell us other programming. So it's vitally important. It's the only thing that makes us unique from any other video distributor out there. And it's incredibly -- there's a moat around what we do in the local markets because it would be prohibitively expensive to duplicate the equipment, the facilities and the people on a start-up basis and hope that it works out. I think Patch proved that pretty well several years ago that just because you want to put a bunch of people in the room and have them generate local content doesn't necessarily mean it's going to resonate with the local community.

Great. Yes. News is one of the genres that are still very relevant. It still has to be consumed live. Can't really be disrupted by on-demand in a meaningful way. And then the other genre will be sports. So maybe we can talk a little bit about sports.

The CW has transformed very quickly under Nexstar's ownership, and I've been an observer of that asset for a long time. So I certainly acknowledge that you guys have done an amazing thing with it. And the sports slate has grown with Mountain West, Pac-12, ACC, WWE NXT, just as an example, along with a bunch of streaming partnerships that you have with ESPN, Roku, just to name a few.

How are sports and digital initiatives driving ad monetization and reach beyond some of the just traditional broadcast? And how complete is the sports rights portfolio for you guys? And are you still selectively pruning and adding?

Well, you left out NASCAR in your description of our product. We aired the NASCAR. It used to be the Xfinity Series is now the O'Reilly Series, which are the Saturday races. And it was our belief, and it has been proven out that broadcast television is still special and different from the other distribution alternatives that are out there. And if you make it easy for the viewer to find the product, they will find it and they will watch it.

So every race that NASCAR runs on Saturday is on the CW, pretty easy to figure out. It was there last week. It will be there this week. And so we're generating increases in NASCAR viewership. The race we just ran this past weekend was the best that race has done since sometime in the 20 teens, right? And that's before there were streaming services and a lot of other ways to slice and dice the product. And so I was just with NASCAR at their foundation banquet in New York earlier this week. And they said, this is the best thing we have going and you're the best partner we have. Now as my wife would say, "Well, what would you expect them to say when they're talking to you?"

But in any event, we have been the growth engine for NASCAR, and that has been a growth engine for CW Sports. And it played out because it's on broadcast television. It's on the same place every week, kind of like Sunday Night Football or other things like that. You make it easy for the viewer to find it, they will find it. Conversely, if you make it too hard for the viewer to find the product that it moves around every week to another service, not just NASCAR, but anything, if they can't find it quickly, they'll probably give up and go watch something else, and we see that play out as well.

So we still think of broadcast television as having a special place in the media ecosystem, and that's been proven out. We get calls from all sports leagues now wanting to know if there's an opportunity to do business. And again, we looked at the CW app where our sports used to reside, and it had an interesting but not very meaningful audience in terms of size. And we said we could build, buy or partner. We're probably not going to spend the amount of money that it costs to create something like Peacock. We're probably not going to buy something at a non-accretive multiple to achieve the same end.

So we had the opportunity with ESPN to put all of our CW sports on ESPN and instantly partner to have a distribution platform that would cost us a lot of time and money to get to the same place. And ESPN likes it because we're not beholden to any other streaming service, and they have the exclusive streaming rights for all of the current CW Sports properties. So it was a win for both. I mean there was a change of value from ESPN to us to give them those rights. But now we have the ability to cume that audience or we can do dynamic ad insertion just on that stream if we so choose. And the early days are that the audience is additive and it is with very little notice has started to develop into something that we think will be significant over time.

Very interesting. We haven't talked about NewsNation yet, and NewsNation is the fastest-growing cable news network. And that's across toll day and prime time. What programming choices are allowing NewsNation to take market share from some of the incumbent cable news networks? And what's your view on what the next leg of investments either in programming or talent that you expect to make to continue to drive that ratings momentum?

Yes, I think I'll take that one. So I think our -- what differentiates NewsNation is a number of things. I think first and foremost is that we leverage our on-the-ground reporters, our 6,000 on-the-ground reporters in the local markets to help provide direct timely news that is interesting to the local communities.

The second thing we do is we are very focused on making sure that, that news that we're providing and programming is going to be unbiased and fact-based. And if we do have opinion, we cite that as opinion. And we do think that the majority of Americans are not polar right or polar left. They're actually somewhere in the middle. And what we have seen anecdotally is that we have people telling us that they will maybe watch Fox or MSNBC, but then they'll come to NewsNation to fact check and to make sure that they're getting the right information. The other thing that we do is we don't really spend too much time on the same type of content that the other news networks are providing. We're not spending all of our time on political content. We actually provide true crime and other types of news that's important from a local perspective.

And I think we have done really, really well in terms of the ratings. It's really the first quarter actually, we peaked at the 35th ranked network in the -- of all the networks. And we're excited about that because you see -- typically, you see Fox and MSNBC in the top 10 in terms of networks, and there's a real benefit. I know that Warner Bros. made some comments about the CNN being almost $2 billion of revenue. So there's real opportunity for us to continue to grow.

But I think what can help us grow that? I think it's really sticking to our knitting, making sure that we're providing that safe source, that fact-based journalism. I think every once in a while, you catch a really good news cycle and people start to tune in like they did in the first quarter was a very good news cycle for overall and really kind of start to gravitate toward it and enjoy it and tune in again and again and again.

Great. If we could pivot and maybe just talk about the portfolios, carriage renewals, retrans, affiliate fees and sub trends. I think late last year, Nexstar completed several multiyear renewals covering 60% of its subscriber base, and you're seeing the benefit of some of those contractual rate step-ups into 2026.

How much do those escalators help sustain distribution revenue growth, particularly given the continued headwinds from cord cutting? And then how important is packaging in your next round of negotiations with pay-TV operators, just given all this talk around skinny bundles. I would imagine you guys are relatively well positioned there.

Oh, yes. Just taking that one first. I mean, in most of the skinny bundles, if not all of them, we are the key component of it. If you think about the percentage of viewership that these cable companies are seeing north of 40% is coming from the broadcast channels. And so they are -- and if you look at back -- look at -- I was mentioning the rankings in terms of broadcast and cable networks, the top 4 are always the broadcast networks, which is our content. So we're going to be very important to that -- to those packages.

We still believe we are undermonetized with generating north of 40% of the viewership, but in the mid-20s percentages of the dollars that get spent by these operators in terms of content. So we still think there's an opportunity from that perspective. We did renew about 60% of our subs last year. This is at Nexstar on a stand-alone basis. That's what I'm referring to when I'm speaking right now. And we did guide that our top line, this is for Nexstar-only distribution revenue would be up low single digits and our net retransmission revenue would be up mid-single digits.

So you can get a sense for when we get these renewals done in the step-ups, it is enough to overcome the rate of decline. We are seeing the MVPDs declining at a much obviously faster rate with the virtual MVPD growth sopping up some of that. But you can see those numbers in the public financials that get reported. But it's really kind of those step-ups that are helpful in terms of sustaining that growth. Now going forward, it's really going to be for us in terms of escalators and continued growth, we're going to have to continue to focus on the fact that we're undervalued in these negotiations. But then I think the other piece of it is -- we're seeing some really positive results coming out of some of the cable companies like Charter who's done an unbelievable job in repositioning their video package and really tightening up that subscriber base. And hopefully, others will follow suit because we've really seen some positive trends. And so if we continue to see that, that should be really great for our top line.

Great. I wanted to ask about digital and connected TV advertising. Nexstar expects that digital revenue growth -- excuse me, digital revenue should surpass advertising -- national advertising revenue in 2026. So could you just spend a minute talking about the core drivers behind this inflection?

And then furthermore, following the acquisition of TEGNA, how does eventually integrating the Premion Connected TV platform enhance your digital scale and help your presence with advertisers?

Yes. So the -- what we have seen is over time is that our national component, and this is really more talking about our local stations. The national component of our advertising has become more under pressure just because there's been an increasing amount of new inventory from CTV that's out there. But that -- so while that is somewhat impactful to our linear side, it's actually also a positive for us because we can sell that. That's not something that we can't get our hands on.

So part of our strategy has really been to talk to our advertisers about audience extension strategies where we can not only provide our core television and linear product, but then add on to it, hey, you want more sports, you want more targeted demographic, we can get that for you with respect to CTV. And so as a result, we've seen that digital -- both our O&O and our -- on a combined basis, third-party CTV inventory that we've been selling kind of growing at a low double-digit type of a multiple. We're also looking to expand our own digital inventory. We've launched CTV apps in all of our markets that provide our local news product on them. And so we're looking to create unique programming that's available there and to monetize that.

Great. At the onset, you guys talked about political advertising and the strength there. I think some of the market research forecasts are that total political ad spending should be $10.8 billion for the 2025, '26 cycle. Nexstar on a stand-alone basis, expects to capture low double-digit share of broadcast political dollars just given its presence in more than 80% of contested markets.

Could you talk a little bit about how you're positioning the sales organization to maximize that market share across both broadcast and local CTV? And what are you seeing in terms of the split of political dollars between local broadcast and CTV?

Yes. Well, I think what we have really seen is that broad political advertising has been durable and sustainable. And if you talk to any agency that's placing dollars on behalf of their candidates or their issues or their -- whatever else they're on the ballot that they're trying to get approved, they realize that broadcast is #1 with a bullet in terms of stuff that you want to be -- the media that you want to be involved in. And so we have not really seen a degradation in the spend or the rate of spend within our broadcast television properties.

I think what you have seen is an increase in the fundraising and the overall potential dollars that can be spent. And really, that incremental dollars have been really accruing to the benefit of CTV. So what you see is like a core -- our core business, but then on top of that is added the incremental CTV. And as I mentioned, one of the things that we're doing to try to be part of that CTV spend as we've launched these local apps that we think we can potentially have some sales of some political advertising inside those -- that component.

Great. And if we could just talk about core advertising, I think that embedded in your guidance for mid-single-digit declines in nonpolitical advertising in the third quarter as a result of some of the crowd out from the record political ad spend.

But how would you characterize the underlying core advertiser sentiment today? How are local markets faring against national networks? What specific advertising categories do you think are showing the most resilience?

Yes. Look, I don't think our advertising is not doing anything that we haven't expected it to do. We did guide that we will be down mid-single digits in the third quarter, similar to what we were in the second quarter, which is good given the increased amount of crowd out in the third quarter, I believe. We have seen -- we still see, as I mentioned, continued pressure from increased competition from digital sources, but that's also a source of growth for us as we're able to sell that inventory.

And then I think we are seeing -- we keep getting bubbled up a little -- some information from our local advertisers commenting that the economy is not the best. You've got increasing interest rates. You've got increasing gas prices, all of which goes to a little bit of a weaker economy, which is causing some of the more consumer-focused categories to pull back a little bit, but nothing is out of the ordinary, nothing is out of line in particular. And we're -- look, like I said, we're doing things to kind of try to combat this impact, one of which is obviously focused on as much political revenue as we can this year.

Number two is focused on the digital revenue growth and digital revenue selling. And then the third is really working on a new model to make our advertising more accessible to advertisers by trying to effectively make our advertising look like CTV so that it can be more -- less -- a more frictionless buy for advertisers, which we think will bring people back into the medium because we're still driving audience.

Great. There's been a lot of focus on spectrum this week at our conference. Talk a little bit about EdgeBeam Wireless, right, the joint venture that you have with other major broadcast groups. You guys have together assembled a nationwide spectrum footprint for high-speed data services. What progress are you making in commercializing EdgeBeam and signing enterprise or government customers?

Talk a little bit about what you see as the long-term revenue and margin potential for this business.

The EdgeBeam consortia, as you said, has a near nationwide footprint, and we see that as kind of the management agent, the leasing agent for our spectrum assets. And so the opportunities are as we clear more and more of our spectrum for non-video uses, which would include the sunset of the 1.0 simulcast requirement, the sunset of a 1.0 service, which we have proposed to the FCC happened in phases, basically 2030 through 2032.

And so that would enable us to have conversations with any number of use cases on material, whether it's Sony that's interested in in-car entertainment to the headrest that face the rear seats or whether it's precision navigation, fleet management, lower-cost 5G replacement networks, renting spectrum into a phone company's need for more 5G-like spectrum to facilitate their needs to potentially being the terrestrial component to a satellite delivered start-up phone service that either Mr. Bezos or Mr. Musk might. So all of those conversations and business development activities are going on. And we see the opportunity there potentially to create a substantial revenue stream in addition to our current core business.

I think I tell people, I think it's the single largest value creation opportunity in our business as we know it today. I liken it to shale gas and shale oil in the ground in Texas that it took 20 years to figure out how to hydraulically frack and horizontally drill to monetize that asset. This won't take 20 years to get there, but it will take between 5 and 10 to -- because the money will be made in B2B opportunities but we have to obviously recognize and accommodate the B2C component, which is to make sure no one loses television access.

And when we transition from analog to digital, that was done via dongles that there was a government program. I think if the FCC is not giving a mandate but gives a deadline to the sunset of 1.0 service, set manufacturers will begin to design to that standard. So the unserved portion of the population will decrease as time goes on. But right now, Sony is the only set manufacturer that puts a 3.0 chip in every set. So go buy Sony if you're looking for a television set.

But we think that, again, if we had to underwrite a dongle for the unserved, I think that not only have the cost of those come down from analog to digital days, but that a Samsung, a VIZIO, some other manufacturer would say, I'll gladly provide that dongle free of charge if I have access to some of the data stream coming out of it. So I think there are commercial solutions to all of these problems. There won't be a nationwide one day where you turn off 1.0 and all you have is 3.0, it will have to be done kind of regionally and on a rolling basis, all of which makes it harder, but certainly not impossible.

And if you look at what I think the opportunity is, is 5 to 10 years from now, data use of our spectrum revenue from that will rival what distribution revenue is today to this company, that's $3 billion. And so at a high margin that certainly will support and underwrite local journalism for a long time to come. And I think that's another reason why it's in the national interest that we move in that direction.

Great. And in the last minute that we have, just to close it out, over the next 1 to 2 years, what are your top strategic priorities for Nexstar? What milestones or industry catalysts are you most excited about as you position the company for long-term growth?

Well, I think to be unshackled from our current legal entanglements as it relates to TEGNA is job one. Paying down debt while we're doing that is certainly virtuous and worthy. I think then being unshackled from these additional regulatory burdens with the local ownership rules and the national cap will allow us to consider acquisitions that historically, we have been prohibited regulatorily from doing so.

So I think we will continue to look at that. We still believe that accretive M&A, the TEGNA transaction was 20% accretive if stock buyback is 40% accretive. If stock buyback is 20% accretive, I feel like we were being appropriately compensated as shareholders for the additional risk of execution, approval and all of that. So the company has built the value -- the vast majority of its value through demonstrated commitment and achievement and performance on accretive M&A. That still remains our top priority. But absent that, return of capital to shareholders would be our secondary priorities.

And listen, there are all kinds of opportunities out there. We get calls all the time. There are all kinds of hypothetical, what if this happens, would you be interested in this? And so we'll take all of those meetings and again, put them through the same filters of every transaction we've done in our 30-year history is, is it accretive for shareholders? Is there industrial logic? Is the price right? And can we execute and add value? And if it clears those screens, then that's what you'll see Lee Ann and I spend our time on.

Perry, Lee Ann, thank you so much for participating in our conference. It was great having you on stage here.

Thank you so much for having us.

Appreciate that. Thank you.

We're really pleased to have Nexstar management here with us. We have Perry Sook, Chairman and CEO; Lee Ann Gliha, CFO and Executive Vice President; and along with me, Jessica Reif Ehrlich, I have Brent Navon on my team. So we will be tag teaming you guys. So I hope it's okay.

So Perry, we'll start with you. Nexstar started over 30 years ago with a single television station, but you've now become the largest local broadcaster in the country. And you have other assets, including the CW and NewsNation following the TEGNA acquisition, which hopefully we'll get into it. But anyway, how should investors think about what Nexstar is becoming over the next 3 to 5 years? Are you leaning towards a larger local broadcaster, a national media company, something else, something in between?

Sure. Well, I think it's a great question. I think, I think of us as a local media company with what is approaching national scale. We have focused primarily on the local end of the media ecosystem. We think it is surprisingly durable. We also think it's the most sticky part of the media ecosystem. We have business relationships with approximately 47,000 SMBs in 80% of the U.S. We operate in 44 states. So that is approaching national scale.

But we look at everything through the ends of kind of bottoms up what is good for our local stations, which the CW has been for those owned and operated stations. What is -- what will benefit the stations by making changes at the network or adding NewsNation, a national news service, on top of what we do locally. So I think the correct way to think about it is kind of in the local media space being without peer in terms of our size and scale and balance sheet and flexibility, but also just being a local media company, but with national scale, being able to do local activation at scale, I think, is our secret sauce.

Maybe just taking a step back, given the secular transition towards streaming, it's easy for some investors to question whether local broadcast is a structurally declining business and how this high cash flow generating business transitions in a new paradigm. What do you think the market misunderstands about the Nexstar model and its durability?

Yes, let me -- I'll take some of that. I think, first and foremost, I think it's our programming. I think people tend to overlook the fact that almost 50% of our audience comes from our local news and our other local programming that we source ourselves. So we in and of ourselves are a very important programmer for the local communities that we service and the advertisers that do business with us. I think that's number 1.

Number 2 is our distribution model. We -- there's about 20% of the audience out there today that receives their television signals over the air. So when you are thinking about any sort of third-party programmer, like a sports organization or any other kind of entertainment content, you're immediately getting 20% more audience than what you would get if you were just kind of in the pay-TV ecosystem on a stand-alone basis. So the fact that we -- and we've seen that time and time again, even with our own CW network when we acquired the rights for the O'Reilly Auto Parts Series for NASCAR, we've seen double-digit 20% plus improvement in ratings that accrues to the benefit of the network and the sports team -- the sports league and then also with respect to the viewers. So there's incremental value in the distribution that we bring to bear that is very important.

And then I think the evolution of this ecosystem is kind of, I think, kind of come in our favor. If you think about over time, what has been the reason that you've seen the decrease in the pay-TV ecosystem and that attrition? Well, it's really been because you've had a lot of these major network companies launch these direct-to-consumer services at price points that were very, very low. And what you're now seeing is those price points are now increasing because those direct-to-consumer services were generating massive losses for these larger media companies, and that's no longer sustainable.

And so as you're seeing those prices increase, you're seeing the distributors actually rebundle some of these services into their pay-TV profile, you are getting an ability to now, as a consumer, access whatever content you want on whatever method you want, but you're going to be paying the same price. And so that is what we think is very important is that we are -- Nexstar and our content, we are available. We're available on any sort of service that you're going to want. We're available on streaming. We're on YouTube television. We are on Hulu. We are on Peacock. We're on Paramount. We are over the air. We are on via the satellite companies. We're on by the cable companies. And I think over time, as we see the pricing more start to equalize, you're going to start to see a stabilization in the overall ecosystem, and that's going to accrue to the benefit of the broadcasters.

So just maybe continuing on that, but there are multiple concerns about the current ecosystem, whether it's the decline of pay-TV subs, advertising headwinds, advertising transitioning from linear to digital, reverse comp, changing viewing habits. I mean, the list goes on. Do you think these are overstated at this point? Or what are you concerned about? And what are you not concerned about?

Well, I think that Lee Ann addressed the distribution paradigm, which now with the average streaming service is $150 a month for the full package. That's about where the bundle is or was when people started to gravitate away from it. So it's no longer a skinny bundle. It is a very robust bundle. And if pricing is roughly the same, people might tend to stay where they are because I still think that the traditional cable or MVPD bundle offers a superior navigation tool to à la carte streaming services. So if attrition begins to level out, I think that is probably one of the primary issues that people have had some existential dread about the melting ice cube nature of the sector.

From an advertising perspective, there is no question that buying linear television is more expensive of a process than buying digital for the agencies. We have a former CFO of an agency holding company on our Board of Directors. And it is indisputable that the agencies have less of a margin placing linear than they do placing digital, which is surprising to me we do as well as we do, yet the frictional costs are higher. So we, Nexstar, are attempting to address that by developing a seamless kind of pitch-to-pay system that we hope to be able to bring out and at least announce and talk about at next year's upfront that would allow an advertiser to go through the process, access customer data and go pitch to pay and basically access linear television inventory more in a programmatic fashion.

Which puts us then on par from a buy-sell process with digital. And I happen to believe that money will flow to the sector because people see the superior value proposition of the linear relationship that we deliver at the endpoint. So I think that from that perspective, we're trying to address the 2 things that I think are kind of the biggest drag on the business. And we also -- the money has migrated to connected TV. And so we have dramatically increased and will continue to grow our presence in the connected TV space to at least be competitive and offer a full suite of audience extension products in addition to our primary linear or digital products.

So as promised, let's shift gears to TEGNA. So maybe just beyond just scale, can you talk about the strategic rationale of the TEGNA acquisition and what it brings to Nexstar?

Sure. First of all, the acquisition as modeled was substantially accretive to Nexstar shareholders. So it made it work worth doing. It increases our national footprint of local stations from roughly 70% to roughly 80% of the U.S. There were -- there are 35 markets of the 50-plus markets where we will operate or derive an economic benefit from more than 1 television station in the marketplace, which allows us to rationalize a cost basis across 2 platforms, add additional local content in markets where we had a CW and maybe TEGNA had a Big Four station with a robust news organization and can produce news for the CW now rather than us having to go out and buy that à la carte elsewhere.

So there are all kinds of industrial logics and touch points, rationalizing the real estate portfolio, 2 buildings down to 1 in those overlap markets. We still make our money selling local content. So it's very important to us to have as robust a local market content offering. So there's no savings there, but there might be savings in housing the 2 different studios in one building and not having to pay to heat and cool and cut the grass of the building down the road. So there was a lot of industrial logic, a lot of synergies. But again, it's the kind of acquisition that we have made, and we feel that getting to approximately $3 billion of EBITDA puts us in the neighborhood of Fox pre-Roku and Paramount-Skydance pre-Warner Bros. Discovery, and that's a different neighborhood than most of the rest of the pure-play broadcasters are from a financial standpoint.

Unfortunately, you're stuck in the regulatory process. Can you give us an update on exactly where you are in the key time lines from here?

Sure. First of all, on overall regulatory, the FCC has voted to eliminate the national cap, and we're waiting for that order to be published or released by the FCC, which will then cause it to be published in the Federal Register, which is, as we used to say in Schoolhouse Rock!, how the bill becomes law. So there's that. There is also the quadrennial review of the local ownership rules, which we believe that those should be addressed this fall in attention to that rulemaking. Which would then modernize the local ownership limitations, eliminate some of those limitations, modernize the rules for both television and radio.

And I would say that I think if Chairman Carr is able to effect both of those changes, those will be signature pieces of legislation and administrative rule changes that will really have modernized and given additional life to the local radio and television industries. And I think those will be signature achievements of his current tenure as FCC Chair. So we're optimistic about all of that.

As it relates to our jurisprudence issues, we will be heard in the Ninth Circuit in the middle of November. That is on our appeal on the hold-separate order as well as attempting to determine if the states have standing to proceed in this litigation. That oral argument will be heard in the middle of November. And when we get a ruling on the results of that is anybody's guess, but we're anticipating probably sometime in early to mid-first quarter. And then the trial on the actual initial court case that was brought in the Sacramento Federal District Court, that trial will commence in July of 2027. And that will probably take a couple of weeks, and then we'll see where they rule and whomever loses may well appeal, and we may be taking this all the way to the Supreme Court.

I think the most important thing for us is that we've closed on the asset. We have the benefit of the cash flows of the TEGNA acquisition, and we paid down in excess of $0.5 billion in debt from the March closing through close of business yesterday, and we will pay down in excess of $1 billion in the acquisition debt between now and the end of the year on a cumulative basis. So it's not the 100% solution, but it's also not a 0% solution. So we're not -- there's no negative implications as time goes on. It's only positive as we'll continue to carve away that debt balance.

Just to maybe continue the conversation, I mean, you alluded to some of the strategic rationale for the acquisition. But given the requirements to maintain independent operations, what exactly can Nexstar do to extract the economic value that underpinned the deal itself right now?

Yes. So for right now, we are subject to this hold-separate order. So we have in place a team, a CEO, Pat Paolini, who came over from Fox, who is running TEGNA in the interim. He's very business-focused, and you probably saw he had an interview the other day with TVNewsCheck, where he's working on trying to invigorate the organization and continue to operate the business. So we think the business is in excellent hands with his operations.

So in the interim, it's really kind of his show with respect to operating the business. But as Perry just mentioned, we do own the company, so we get the benefit from all of the cash flow of the combined business, and we are using that cash flow to repay debt, which is extracting economic value for our shareholders from the acquisition. And hopefully, if we are successful in our appeal, we'll be able to at least narrow the scope of the litigation, which would potentially allow us to enact some synergies sooner rather than later.

So switching gears, let's move on to advertising. I mean, core advertising still is a key driver of your model. How would you assess the overall health of the ad market at the moment? And as we think about the drivers of your business, where do you see the most opportunities?

Yes. I think, look, from an advertising perspective, we had -- we were down kind of mid-single digits on a nonpolitical basis in the first quarter -- or sorry, in the second quarter and expect to be down a similar or maybe slightly -- a little bit better in the third quarter. And that really is driven by a number of factors. Number 1 is we're in a political year. So there is a good amount of crowd-out. As we are selling advertising for political, we cannot sell it for nonpolitical purposes. Number 2 is we are impacted by just the general competition from increased AVOD inventory that's out there, CTV inventory, and then just general economic weakness that we are seeing a little bit of that.

But having said all that, we have a number of different areas where we are very -- working very hard to grow the business. Number 1 is on our local digital side. Just because CTV is -- there's a lot more CTV out there, it doesn't mean we can't be selling it. So we are utilizing our local sales force. We have a very large local sales force to not only sell our linear -- our core linear inventory, but then extend the audience for our advertisers by selling third-party CTV inventory as well. And so that business has been doing incredibly well, growing at a double-digit rate, and that's really helping us kind of stem the tide of some of the impacts on the linear side of things.

As Perry mentioned, we're working to transform our go-to-market from an advertising perspective and being able to make our inventory look more similar to advertisers as CTV inventory is, make it easier to access. So that's -- but that's a longer-term sort of strategy, but something that we're focused on. And then we've got a number of really good organic businesses within our organization. We own the NewsNation, which from a ratings perspective, peaked at #35 in terms of the rank of all networks in the first quarter. CW Network is at the #8 ranked network that's out there. And so these are businesses that we are continuing to focus on and grow the audience, which then will have a positive impact on our ability to grow our advertising revenue.

So we have a number of interesting areas where we're focused, not the least of which is what we're dealing with right now with the political cycle because broadcast television is known far and wide as the best place to put your dollars to work if you're really looking to get people out to vote and to influence how they vote.

That's a great segue. We're heading into this robust political cycle. What are your expectations for advertising and political? And how does your footprint overlap with some of the key competitive races that we should expect to see?

Yes. I mean, political is doing incredibly well this year. I think there's a third-party research firm out there named AdImpact that I think has called for, just on a gross basis, $5 billion of political advertising coming into the broadcast space, which is up versus '22 and up versus '24. So we're feeling good about that. With respect to our portfolio, we have a pretty broad portfolio. And prior to the TEGNA acquisition, we were already covering 80% to 90% of the contested election in any given year. So we feel -- usually, what happens is you'll have a race that you think is going to be very strong and it's not strong, but then you'll have another race somewhere else within our portfolio that you didn't think was going to be strong, that ends up being very strong.

So when you go back and you look at Nexstar's history in terms of how much political advertising revenue we're able to achieve, and we look at it on a market share basis. And so if you look, kind of pretty consistently, Nexstar is able to achieve low double-digit to low teens percentage of the dollars that are spent on broadcast for political advertising. And you have to be a little careful because the AdImpact number is gross, and we refer to our revenue on a net basis. So there's a 15% differential there. And then TEGNA historically over time has done kind of like high single-digit market share. So we're feeling good about this year's political cycle. And we've had some unusual things happen like first quarter with Texas being a very, very big number, and we're looking forward to seeing what happens throughout the rest of the year.

So overall advertising does appear to be getting more competitive. What is the path to returning nonpolitical advertising back to growth?

Again, I think if we can remove the inequities in the buy-sell process and make ourselves more user-friendly, that will be a conduit. We know that most automotive advertising when you get below the Tier 1 level is done through certified OEM vendor relationships. We have worked to be -- worked with and worked to become one of those certified OEM vendors, which our automotive spend, I think, is holding up probably comparative to the rest of the industry relatively well. And so I think we need to continue to do things like that, continue to make our digital offerings more robust so that we can sell nationally and locally a total audience profile that we can offer you CTV. We can offer you apps. We can offer you other streaming opportunities. We can offer you linear as well as sponsorship opportunities.

And we're doing that with our national sales team across all of our national inventory on our local stations as well as our national inventory on our networks, our diginets as well as our cable networks as well. So I think the one-stop shop nature is another reason yet to continue to try and scale, to compete with those that sell enormous amounts of advertising, Meta and others in a one-stop basis. And I think that's where we need to get to, and we are working and striving very hard to get to that point so that we have a competitive value prop because we know that from an audience delivery perspective, with the sports leagues we deal with, there's a tremendous appetite to be on broadcast, to get that full potential distribution, to get the audience uplift from streaming only or cable only. And so we see that as driving our sports portfolio on the CW, but also applying that kind of enthusiasm across the entire buy-sell process and all of our inventory, I think we will -- again, if we can remove the structural impediments to doing business with us, that we'll end up doing more business.

So you kind of just touched on this a bit, but search and social and increasingly connected TV are also taking share from local advertising budgets. I guess what are the opportunities for Nexstar to migrate some of the advertising businesses back toward some of your digital properties?

Do you want me to take that?

Yes, go ahead.

I mean, we've -- one of the things that we've done is we've launched OTT apps in all of our local markets over the course of the last year. And so we've got our local news that's available on OTT, CTV capabilities. So that can be a way of doing that. I think the other -- we also have the CW app and NewsNation has CTV capabilities as well. So that's part of it is creating our own content, kind of driving that. And I think as I was saying earlier, part of it is not only leveraging our local sales force, but leveraging third-party content and relationships that we have to actually sell that, make it more about our local advertiser and what we can provide to those -- that service.

So Perry, you just mentioned that you've beefed up your sports on -- CW is on -- you're positioning it on a path to profitability. But can you talk a little bit about where you are in the transformation of the network? What opportunities still exist, including managing programming costs or building an audience and really driving profitability?

Sure. We -- listen, I have to compliment Sean Compton and Brad Schwartz and the team. We took a money losing network, and we now will be cash flow EBITDA positive in the fourth quarter of this year, and we've added 800 hours of sports, while our entire expense for programming is half of what it was at the time of acquisition. So we're playing Moneyball, and we are acting like an upstart, which we are. But it's been a tremendous turnaround from a reducing of cost and redundant overhead. And it's a very lean organization now, but I think appropriately structured for the time.

We believe that the CW and, by extension, kind of the FOX network model is the preferred network model for local stations where there's a prime time component of marquee programming and a mix of scripted and game shows and police shows, reality shows, but then there's just 800 hours of sports on the weekend, which allows our stations to sell sports that maybe haven't had that opportunity and our network sales organization to sell and compete for sports dollars where previously they were closed out.

And so we've done a great job. We were with the NASCAR folks last night at a charity function. And we're told, a, we're the best partner they have; and b, we are the growth entity for NASCAR. And when we put NASCAR on, we're doing numbers for those races that they haven't done in 6 or 7 years. And as Lee Ann said earlier, it's 20-plus percent year-over-year growth, and that's the power of broadcast, the power of having -- being able to form viewing habits that every Saturday, the NASCAR race will be on CW. There's no ambiguity about that. And so that's what we saw as the opportunity and is a proof point now. And we're bringing additional sponsorships in addition to selling that inventory at sports CPMs in both the upfront and the scatter market.

I think, as we go forward and think about the renewal of the NFL, I know you have a question on that, we think there could be opportunities as people rationalize their spending for the NFL. The may -- there may be other sports opportunities that fall out of those Big Four network portfolios that could potentially benefit the CW and things that might come to us that we otherwise might normally don't have a chance to bid on.

Seguing to Brent's question.

Yes. A big part of CW has been the incremental sports rights you have acquired. What have you learned about this market, the audiences that it attracts, the affiliate and advertising economics associated with sports rights? And how do you balance driving profitable growth, especially at a time when sports media rights continue to escalate in price?

Sure. Well, our opportunity to monetize sports on the CW is through advertising and through increased distribution fees for our affiliated stations, including our owned and operated, that 3 years ago, when we told everybody what we were going to do, they said, "Well, we're from Missouri, so show us, right?" Now we have proof points. We have 800 hours of sports on the CW, sports every weekend. Most Saturdays this fall, the CW will program 12 to 14 hours of continuous programming, starting with a college football game, then a NASCAR race, and maybe a prime time and even late night college football game.

So it's the full portfolio of sports. Our Florida State, New Mexico State game, which was our Week 0 game, did -- approaching 2 million viewers for the CW, which is an all-time high for sports on the CW, not that, that's a huge, large sample size, but it's also the highest gross audience that the CW has delivered in a dozen years. So it's we're...

It's Buffy?

Yes, exactly. Back when the market was not as fragmented as it is. So we feel very good about that. I think that what we see we're very full on Saturday sports. We could use more Sunday sports. Sunday right now for us in basketball season is where we have women's basketball. We've actively added more women's basketball from both the ACC, the Pac-12 and the Mountain West because there's advertiser demand for it. Even though the ratings are lower, the advertisers want to be associated with that product. So we could use more Sunday sports throughout the year, and we'll look for those opportunities as they come available to us.

But we -- again, the advertising piece is fairly immediate proof. The reverse compensation from affiliates takes time because they have to reset before they have the money to pay us. And -- but we've seen tremendous progress in our affiliate fees, albeit from a fairly low base, but we've shown tremendous growth there as well, and it's kind of unfolding as we had expected it would.

So let's go back to the NFL, which you mentioned. There's an opt-out in 2029 for the current rights holders. To the extent that the broadcast networks are successful in getting those rights, we expect a big step-up in rights fees. So one of the offsets for the networks is obviously to try to get higher reverse comp from the local stations. How do you view the implication of rising sports rights in your portfolio? And what can you do as you get larger? Is there something you can do about that?

Sure. Well, it's interesting because I do expect that the sports rights fee bubble will continue to grow certainly through this cycle of the NFL. And as I mentioned earlier, that may create opportunities for the CW. But as it relates to our local affiliates, we have typically, as a group, paid -- deferred approximately 10% to 12% of the cost of the total rights fees that the networks have paid. I would expect that to continue. So as they get an increase, we will get an increase as well. But I think you have to look at that at what cost or what's the offset to that? The offset is that I'm willing to pay for sports rights, but I may not be willing to pay as much for general entertainment programming that is ubiquitous across multiple streaming services. And so I may pay more for sports, but want to pay less for everything else. That would certainly be our position. And we'll see how that all plays out.

But again, I think the Nexstar opportunity there will be not only as the largest affiliate group of each of the Big Four pro forma for TEGNA by a significant margin, by the way, we -- I think we'll have a more balanced discussion than smaller players. And who knows? You look at what we've done with ESPN and putting our CW sports in partnership on their app. There may be, as these sports costs continue to balloon, opportunities as -- the largest affiliate group to enter into some sort of a co-venture for certain aspects of their sports relationships, which could be a benefit to those stations as well as benefits to CW through other opportunities.

ESPN, that's really interesting because you -- meaning local rights? Is it...

Potentially. Yes. I mean, I think you'd have to think through it and -- is there shoulder programming that we could produce our own or I don't know that you'll see Nexstar necessarily bid on our own for NFL rights. But could we participate in some way, shape or form in partnership with the network? Again, we're not just an affiliate. When you deliver more homes for CBS than their owned and operated stations do in local marketplaces, that's different than if you're 8% of the U.S., right? And so I think that our discussions should necessarily seek a different level maybe than the rest of the affiliate universe. And I think we're open to any and all of those discussions. We need to start working to create opportunity rather than working for a zero-sum value transfer, which is how the negotiations have been in the past.

Very clear.

Yes. Time will tell.

Shifting gears to NewsNation that continues to generate significant audience growth. However, many advertisers avoid news programming. How should we evaluate this progress? How this progress translates economically? What are the key milestones that you're targeting for NewsNation, both from an audience and a revenue profitability perspective? And maybe just as a follow-up to that, there's a lot being made about news stations in themselves becoming political. Do you view that as an opportunity for NewsNation?

Yes. Well, let me take that. I think -- let me take that last part first. I mean that's the foundation of NewsNation, was to create a news network that really caters to the majority of America that is not very left and not very right, but really is kind of more that 60% in the middle, but then we'll provide opinion and information kind of on both sides. We are really focused on being an unbiased, fact-based organization, and we are consistently rated in that regard. So we think that over time, people will come to us. They like to fact-check the other 2 networks, the left and the right, and come to NewsNation for that perspective.

We're very proud of what NewsNation has done. I think I mentioned earlier in the first quarter, we peaked at, I think, #35 in terms of the ranking of all cable -- broadcast and cable networks out there. NewsNation has been very successful and profitable from day 1. So we are just looking to kind of continue to build and monetize on that. You say advertisers don't really like news. I don't know if that's the case. I mean, I know that Warner Bros. put some numbers out there about CNN, and I think CNN is doing something like close to $2 billion of revenue a year. So -- and when you look at the top-ranked networks, you always see FOX News right in there and MSNBC. And so we're really looking to aspire to kind of drive our audience to be able to get to those types of levels. And we think NewsNation has a potential for really a breakout success and a real, good organic driver for the entire Nexstar story.

I have a regulatory question, but before I -- just what are the demographics for NewsNation? Are they like upscale? Like, how do they compare to the rest of your programming?

Well, not unlike other cable news networks. It skews older. It does skew a little bit more upscale than other cable networks. And again, when we started the company -- or when we started NewsNation 5 years ago, a little over 5 years ago, with a $20 million launch campaign to introduce NewsNation, we did research afterwards and found that 11% of America knew what NewsNation was. Well, now among news viewers, it's about 55% know, but that still means we got to introduce ourselves to 4 out of 10 homes on the street.

A little point to pride is like when I have spent a long day or a couple of days in Washington, D.C., I'm sitting at the Admirals Club, NewsNation is the news network that they have on at the Admirals Club at Reagan National. If you walk through the concourse at Newark, if there's a news network on, it's usually NewsNation. And again, people are saying, well, this is one that is not partisan. It's not going to tick off half of the people in the Admirals Club or half the people in -- it is seen as down the middle. And it's very hard to continue to stay there because so much bias is unconscious in the words we use. I'm married to a rhetorician, as you know. And so it's -- the words are very important, and the words that are used often have impact. And so for us to remain objective and balanced in everything we say and do requires constant vigilance.

But yes, I think we're pleased at the growth, the fact that this network now is relevant. I mean success is FOX News, right, in terms of audience, in terms of revenue, in terms of profitability. But the fact that as Lee Ann said, we were totally self-funded as our syndicated program contracts expired on the old WGN America, we took that money and plowed it into expanding the journalism. So it is a profitable network and has been from day 1. It's been totally self-funded. So growth for us is organic and success is anywhere between where we are today and where FOX and CNN are today. So that's our opportunity.

I just want to get a quick one because I know we're sort of running out of time. But Perry, you mentioned that the FCC announced a repealing 39% ownership cap on broadcast networks. Not really getting into the specific deal, but how does removing the caps change the dynamics between the ecosystem of station groups, broadcast networks and distributors?

Well, I think that we want to continue to grow. I mean there are some markets where once we have line of sight on clearing our current litigation, we could acquire stations to improve the distribution of the CW network and give us a station in a market we're not in. And we can do that now because the cap is removed. And so we think it's not unlike other businesses that 5 years from now, when you look at the local station industry, you'll have Nexstar, which will be kind of the largest by a margin. And without peer, you'll probably have a second competitor that is maybe half our size. And then you'll have a bunch of smaller competitors that -- but you'll care about these big 2 as public equity investors.

And we're almost in that place now, but I think it will even become more defined in the next 3 to 5 years. I think others, as they create balance sheet capacity, will probably try and run the same play to expand their holdings or consolidate among themselves. And so I think it's just like any other industry where you have a dominant player, a significant secondary player and then a bunch of smaller companies that make up the remainder. And so I don't see our industry following a much different arc than others already have.

Shifting gears a bit to capital allocation priorities. I mean, you mentioned some of the deleveraging you've done already, but how should we think about those priorities near term, whether it be debt reduction following the TEGNA acquisition and capital returns?

Yes. So if you kind of go back and look at our history and what we said prior to the TEGNA acquisition, we always do use the leveraged capital markets to facilitate the acquisitions, which helps drive shareholder returns. So we leverage up and then we use our free cash flow to repay the debt. And this is a great time to have done the acquisition going into a political year when we have excess free cash flow. So we look to deleverage pretty quickly. We like to keep our balance sheet conservative enough so that we can be opportunistic if there are other opportunities that come along. And as you know, every dollar of debt that gets paid down, it creates a dollar of equity value, and that really is what helps generate that leveraged return for our shareholders that has been so beneficial historically with prior acquisitions.

So that's really our kind of main point of focus, is to make -- to kind of continue to deleverage. We are continuing to pay our dividend. We're, I think, somewhere north of a 4% dividend yield. So one of the highest dividend payer yields within the S&P 400, which is the index we're in, and we're going to continue to do that. And then once we get our leverage down, we will relook at the best possible utilization for capital going forward for our shareholders, which heretofore has been M&A. That's been the kind of the best strategy. But if there's no M&A to be done, then we look for another type of M&A, which is buying our own stock back and returning capital in that regard. And so as painful it is right now, looking at our stock price and not being in the buyback market, we do think paying down debt is still the right way to go for the time being.

I'm going to sneak one last one in. I know we have like a minute left. But you've talked a lot about the growth drivers. You're really thinking creatively on the sports side, which is super interesting. Is there something another -- like what do you think is the biggest opportunity that investors currently don't appreciate?

We haven't the time to talk about spectrum, but we do see the opportunity to monetize our spectrum vis-a-vis high-speed data transmission being the single largest value creation lever in our business as it's currently known. That's probably a sidebar discussion or a whole another session. But we formed this consortium with Sinclair, Gray and Scripps to ante our spectrum in and try -- and we've hired -- we created a company called EdgeBeam Wireless, and they're kind of -- think of them as the leasing agent, and we want to go to market with this robust collection of spectrum, which is about 98% of the U.S., so nationwide coverage.

And we think the opportunity for high-speed data transmission is significant, whether it's lower-cost 5G network replacement, partnering -- giving 5G networks that need more spectrum. We have that. There are other applications that I could go into, but it is living in Texas. So it's like finding shale oil and gas in the ground, it takes a while to monetize it, but the asset is there and it is worth something. And I know the minute money starts to flow, investors will start to pay attention to it, and we've been telling the story for some time. But we're spending a lot more time on it now.

And I think we're closer than we have been to having the ability to unlock value. Obviously, it requires some assistance from the FCC in sunsetting 1.0 requirements and allowing 3.0 spectrum kind of to blossom across the full allocation of 6 megahertz. But I think once we get there, it is a substantial value creation opportunity, not just for Nexstar, who has more spectrum than anybody else just right now, but for the entire industry. And I think it could rival distribution revenue in terms of what it could mean to the P&L of local license holders.

Amazing. Thank you. Thank you both so much.

Thank you.

Thank you, Jessica. Appreciate this. Thank you.

Very pleased to have Nexstar Media with us today, both Perry Sook, CEO of Nexstar; and Lee Ann Gliha, CFO. Thank you both for coming.

Thanks for having us.

So I want to start -- this is sort of a dumb question, but maybe an easy question for you to answer. When I look at all of the TV station broadcasters out there, you guys seem to be operating better than anyone. And I don't quite understand what it is that makes you different. Like at some level, like the business -- don't take this wrong way, it doesn't seem like it's the most complicated business. And the corollary is there don't seem to be as many degrees of freedom, right? It's not like there's a new product cycle or some -- but yet you guys have distinguished yourself. And so I just want to start right there. What is it about your mindset or philosophy or the way you run the business that has allowed you to become distinctive among all the broadcasters?

Well, I will give you top of the waves from my perspective, and then I'll let Lee Ann, who just celebrated a recent anniversary with the company who came in with fresh eyes that maybe her perspective would even be more interesting to you.

But from our -- from my perspective, first and foremost, I came out of sales and management. So we have a revenue-generating sales-oriented culture at the company that, that's important. I tell people the 2 things that we do, we produce a product, which is local content, and we help local businesses sell things, and that's our reason to exist. So I tend to agree with your premise that at the core, this is a very simple business. Those are the things we do. And so let's focus on those.

I'm the third largest shareholder of the company. And so share price performance and company performance are very near and dear to my heart. And as a consequence, this is the only thing that I do. I mean this gets full-time attention from not only me, but the rest of the management team. So -- and I'm not indicing any other company. I'm just saying that's the way we do it. And I think we're very proud of our results. I think they do speak for themselves and that when you think about over-the-air broadcasting, we don't think that -- we do have a peer. We think that our comp set is more like from an EBITDA perspective, like FOX pre-Roku and Paramount pre-Warner Bros. Discovery. From an EBITDA perspective, we think we're entirely competitive with them from a financial wherewithal.

So let me -- I'll let Lee Ann speak to it because she came with a fresh perspective, and I think has formed some of her own opinions that might be similar to yours.

Now you said anniversary. It's been 2 years. Is that right?

5.

5 years? Come on. 5?

Yes.

Yes. I've been with the company for 5 years. I mean I think Perry and the team have built just a great organization, really focused on, as Perry said, making sure that we're delivering a product that our viewers want to see, unbiased fact-based news, making sure that we have the journalistic freedom and ability to tell the stories that we need to be able to tell that can attract our local news viewers. The sales-focused culture, I think, is incredibly important, making sure that the advertisers are getting what they need, but then also evolving our business model as we need to. As we've been able to see advertisers are gravitating towards more digital services, we're selling more digital services on top of our linear services, which has helped grow our business.

We are an incredibly -- Perry said because he is a shareholder, but I think just in general, we have a very profit-focused organization. One of the things that we do every year is effectively a zero-based budget. We are very focused on every single dollar that we spend and making sure that it's being spent appropriately. And if there are efficiencies to ring out of the business, we will look to bring those efficiencies out of the business, which has been great.

And then I think the other side of things is just on the scale side. We've been focused on M&A and growing the business, but doing it in a thoughtful way, doing it in a way that will help us generate more profit, more ability to put dollars back into the business, help us continue to grow and focus on our journalism and our news programming and making sure that everything we do is going to be something that's going to generate good shareholder return. The acquisition of TEGNA was one of those things.

And then I think we've been focused on kind of pushing the envelope where we can. So Perry created the joint sales agreement and shared services agreements, which helped us create some operational efficiencies. He was the first to create a distribution revenue model for the industry, which has helped grow. So we've been sort of ahead of the curve in that regard.

And then I think the last piece of it is just on capital allocation, right? We are very, very focused on making sure we have a good balance sheet that is strong and able to support the operations of the business, but then also make returns for our shareholders, either in the form of dividends, debt repayment or share repurchases. So those things have been all kind of come together in a package.

When you -- I just want to unpack one thing you said distribution model. Can you just unpack what you mean?

Oh, I just meant that he was the first to get cash compensation for retransmission revenue. Yes.

Understood. Perfect. So I think the market has been -- has unfairly punished your stock in the wake of this TEGNA controversy. I've gotten -- there's a lot of investors that are sort of sympathetic to that view, to be honest with you. But I think it would be quite helpful just to -- if you can just go through just as a level set, the key dates that are in your mind's eye in terms of what investors should be keeping their eye on in terms of -- from the legal process because I think the shorthand for most investors is, oh, this is just a deal stock. There's an overhang until we get resolution and everyone sort of throws up their hands and if they own the stock, they sell it and they move on. And I could be wrong, but I think like perhaps it's more nuanced than that.

So -- can you just go through the key dates and sort of maybe trying to dispel the -- this is just a deal stock we're in deal purgatory for the next x number of years?

Yes. I mean we definitely feel like we are an undervalued stock regardless of whether or not something happens here. But we feel positive about what the potential outcome is going to be. And just in terms of the timing, what we are seeing is -- and this is a couple of different near-term things that are going to happen.

So the first thing we've got on the schedule with respect to the litigation is we have appealed the preliminary injunction to the Ninth Circuit. And the Ninth Circuit has agreed to hear oral arguments on that appeal. And that's -- this is breaking news. I guess, it's November 17 is the date. We had said it was going to be in the fourth quarter, but we now have a date, it's November 17, that we will be heard on that appeal.

And the appeal, we are trying to do a couple of different things. The first thing we're trying to do is we're trying to narrow the scope of the preliminary injunction. So the core argument from the plaintiffs is the markets where we have a Big 4 television station and TEGNA has a Big 4 television station, yet the preliminary injunction applies to the entire operation of TEGNA. So we cannot do any integration at all with respect to that. So if we can narrow the scope of the preliminary injunction to be focused just on those overlap markets that potentially could have some benefit in terms of our ability to execute our plan on the non-Big 4 overlap markets and then on the corporate synergies and the like. So that would be helpful if we were able to win that.

The other thing we're trying to do with the preliminary -- with the appeal is to really dismiss the states from the case. And so that's the other piece of it. And if we're able to do that, then it becomes just a lawsuit between DIRECTV and Nexstar. So that's the sort of near term. Now we don't know -- there is no sort of date in terms of when the appeals court needs to actually rule on after they hear the argument. So we'll have to just see how that plays out.

Then subsequent to that from a litigation perspective, in July of 2027 is -- early July is when we will be actually having the trial on the litigation. That is in the same court with the same judge that issued the preliminary injunction. So we will work through that process, and then we'll see where that goes after that.

So even though you said there's no date for when the appeal decision will come down, does it have to come down before we actually start this court date in California? In other words, it seems like before everyone is going to go present evidence, we have to understand the scope of what the claim is.

Again, they're separate courts. So they have their own time lines, but hopefully, that will be the case.

Okay. And then when you said one of the things that you're also trying to do, I get the shrink the scope of the litigation to the duopoly markets. But then you said the other argument you're making is the state AG shouldn't be involved. If they're not involved, what is -- is there an implication for investors in terms of what that means? Shrinking the scope, I think investors get. You could go realize some synergies. So let's say that you win that and the state AGs get kicked out and it's just one versus DIRECTV. What's the so what for investors if that...

Well, I think at that point, it becomes more -- just more clearly a commercial dispute between the 2 parties.

So therefore, raises the scope for an easier settlement or a settlement. Is that the implication?

Well, I think you have to think about what is DIRECTV trying to accomplish and then what are we -- what can we provide in terms of that whole analysis. I don't know that it changes anything from a litigation perspective, but it does kind of narrow the number of parties that have to be involved in any...

I think there's a larger implication potentially for down the road M&A that if the states are not given standing as the second approval layer of federal approvals that, that could remove a somewhat chilling effect on M&A, right? We have to go through a second layer of approval state by state depending on what any particular state was thinking at that point in time. So I think there could be a larger read-through beyond our transaction to downstream. But that may be done on a case-by-case basis. So I'm not sure that it's a one-size-fits-all solution, if you will.

Yes. And let's say that both of these arguments to sort of narrow the scope and just narrow it to DIRECTV versus Nexstar. If both of those fail, should investors just think, okay, we're going to this California case, and we're just going to be on trial or are there other alternatives at your disposal?

Well, I think any adverse decision, we have the right to appeal, right?

To appeal the appeal.

Yes. I think that's -- I don't want to sit here and discuss our entire trial strategy and open court, so to speak, but there could be an appeal to the appeal. It depends on how close we are to the actual trial and what else has happened in the intervening time. But I think, again, this could play out appeals and whoever loses may appeal and we may get to relitigate another time.

Okay. That's great. So back in 2022, you got 75% of the CW. And I think maybe I have this incorrect, -- is it this year that the CW is going to hit profitability? Okay, which is great because I think the losses -- maybe I'm making this number up, like [ $250 million ] or something, it was like...

Very substantial.

Hundreds of millions dollars. Okay. So that's great. So you guys are making a lot of progress. One of the things that you said on the last earnings call, and this is just my own ignorance about your business, is you swapped your CBS affiliate for a CW, it became an O&O in a handful of markets. There were sort of 4 smaller markets. And I looked at that as a layman and said, even if I was only getting net retrans of a CBS number, it feels larger than getting all of the money for CW. But I guess that's wrong. Is that what's going on or...

Well, I think that's exactly the calculus that you have to make, particularly in some of these smaller markets where sports rights may not carry the same freight that they do in larger and/or NFL specific markets since the NFL we're talking about. But I mean, part of our reason for buying the CW was offensive that we saw it as an underperforming asset. And therefore, our owned and operated CW stations were underperforming in the dayparts program by the network that we thought we could do it better. We thought we can introduce sports and give those stations to that network another audience to go after. And all of that is proving out in real time, and we're very pleased with the progress.

But we also bought it as a defensive measure that should we enter into negotiations with some of the Big 4 networks that prove to be highly contentious that we potentially have a default alternative to provide network programming to that station to complement its local programming. And again, if you look at net retrans, it's E.F. Hutton used to say it's not what you earn, it's what you keep. I think you could look at some of the smaller market Big 4 affiliates and perhaps their margin is nowhere near what the margin is on retrans for CW affiliates. And so that's entirely part of the calculus.

And it's also CBS in our affiliate negotiations, which are obviously now concluded, that's basically the only lever they had. You either take my offer or we start to peel stations off. And so that was part of their lever in this negotiation. But in each of the markets, we had the opportunity to step up and make the CW the primary affiliation for those stations. And that's a good thing. We -- our first -- our group [ 0 ] game on the CW, which was Florida state versus New Mexico state generated 2 million viewers, which is the largest audience for the CW for sports ever and the largest audience the CW has had in many, many, many years. So the things that we saw as opportunity are proving out now.

I watch that game. I was part of it 2 years ago. What -- can you unpack a little bit? Because when I think of -- when you said in the smaller markets where sports may not carry as much weight, I tend to think of a retrans payment as a dollar per household, and it doesn't really matter how big or small the market is, right? The value of sports would be as valuable in Tupelo, Mississippi as it is in Manhattan. Sure, there's more people in Manhattan than Tupelo. But on a per household basis, why would sports be less valuable in smaller markets? That's where you've lost me.

You can't get the advertising premium per se on distribution, you're right. But I think the other piece of that is you have to look at the -- if you're paying that network on some sort of a fixed fee arrangement and subscribers go down, so your costs go up and your margin goes down. It depends on the makeup of the pay TV universe in that particular marketplace. If it is substantially satellite dependent and seeing substantial double-digit decline in top line revenue on a fixed fee basis, those lines can come very close to crossing, right? And so I think that -- so I think it's -- the revenue, you are correct, but the revenue is variable based on the number of subs. But if the expense is a fixed fee, then that figures into the equation.

No, that's super helpful. Thank you for clarifying that. So you recently announced something that I thought was interesting, which is ESPN and Roku will distribute CW sports and CW entertainment content. And that was sort of interesting and new to me. It reminded me a little bit of -- I guess, it's a little different, but Peacock getting distributed through YouTube. It just feels like there's some things going on where -- that are a little bit novel in this sort of shift to digital that we haven't really seen in the past. So can you just talk about it? What drove your decision to...

Well, it was the classic build, buy or partner scenario, right? We want to build the distribution of the CW and sports. We could spend $1 billion trying to build something. We could spend multibillion dollars trying to acquire something or we could partner with ESPN, and there was an exchange of value between ESPN and us for us to give them the rights to distribute this programming. But again, we're the only network that doesn't have its own streaming product. So we were the free agent to be able to do that. And of the aforementioned 2 million viewers of the Florida State, New Mexico State game, 0.25 million of those came through the ESPN app on the very first weekend of football.

So it has done what we thought it would, which would appeal to those that prefer to watch their programming through streaming. We've got our tile on the ESPN app. I think ESPN would love to become the Walmart of sports over time, but it's hard to do that with NBC when they've got Peacock or Paramount with CBS. And so we were not only the test case, but a very good partner for both. And the same with Roku and our entertainment programming, it just broadens our distribution faster than we could build it or buy it on our own.

Understood. That's great. So can I ask about M&A a bit? One of the things -- many years ago, I used to cover the cable sector. And when we would see 2 cable companies sort of merge, I had this rule of thumb, which was for every 1 million subs that you added, you could sort of do the rate card math and you would save $0.50 per sub per month on your affiliate fees. And so you could go out and say, if company A is 5 million and company B is 10 million and you put the 2 together and say, okay, pro forma it's 15 million, you could say, all right, 15 million versus 5 million for the small guy, he's going to save his scale has increased by 10 million, at $0.50 per sub per month, he's going to save $5 and the pro forma 15 versus the 10, he's going to save $2.50. And you could go through and just very quickly do a pretty good job of estimating the programming synergies as there's more scale on the distribution side.

When we read about Charter and Cox coming together and some people even think Comcast and Charter will eventually merge, are there these mechanistic things with rate cards where it immediately becomes a headwind for Nexstar at all? Or is it more everything is a negotiation, there are no formulaic sort of rate cards that say, this is the price. I don't know if my question makes sense. This is the price based on your scale?

Well, it depends on the counterparties, right, and what the agreements say, but I would say that we don't have situations where Party A is paying x and Party B is paying half of x. I mean our rates are a lot more harmonized. So there's -- the Charter-Cox situation does not provide a headwind necessarily to Nexstar or TEGNA to the best of our knowledge. And so I would say it's a lot more nuanced than that, whether the distributor has after-acquired clauses and/or does the station group, the content holder have after acquired clauses and how those marry with one another. But I don't see it as a headwind per se.

Certainly not right away. I mean, obviously, one of the reasons that we are doing M&A is because look at the counterparties that we negotiate with. That's Comcast, it's now Charter. It is DIRECTV. It is YouTube TV and Big Tech and right on down the line. And so if our entire industry was one company, that still wouldn't be as big as the smallest Big Tech company that we are sitting across the table from. So there is a need to continue to grow and to have more balanced negotiations with those with which -- with whom we negotiate. And so that's one of the industrial logics driving our M&A strategy. Also buying assets that we can run better and/or run more efficiently and then drive synergies is another tenet of our M&A strategy.

But I think we've been kind of the poster child for scale M&A in our particular sector, but it has a particular sense of urgency now as those we do business with are scaling at the same time. So you can never run in place and make any progress. So we will continue to look to grow our company's size, scale, footprint, sphere of influence for all of those reasons.

Okay. If anyone in the audience has a question, you raise your hand, we'll happy to get you a mic. So can I ask about ATSC 3.0. You guys have been very kind in trying to get me up to speed on this. And then it feels like there's this new vector potentially that people are talking about as an opportunity, which is that it could end up becoming sort of low-band spectrum that could help the Starlinks of the world get sort of in-home penetration as they sort of try and become a true wireless service. Is that sort of the -- is that a, is that in the potential use case of ATS 3 that it frees up some spectrum and you just sell it? And would you call it the leading sort of opportunity? Or in your mind's eye, is it sort of a lagging opportunity?

Look, I think it's definitely on the list of things that could potentially be use for our spectrum. I mean there is a very -- we have a scarce resource in terms of low-band spectrum and powerful low-band spectrum. And we think we're looking at all of the different potential opportunities for this. I think as you probably know, we've created a joint venture with 3 of our peers, Scripps and Sinclair and Gray, and it's called EdgeBeam Wireless. And EdgeBeam Wireless is -- represents effectively the spectrum of all 4 companies. And that's a huge benefit, we think, because we've got now spectrum that is in that JV today, this is excluding TEGNA, about 7 billion megahertz pops of spectrum, and it covers north of 97% of the country, so nationwide coverage.

So when you think about what a counterparty is going to want in terms of being able to lease spectrum from us, you lease that excess spectrum from us, it's really going to -- it's very important to have that nationwide capability because if you just have a market here or a market there, it's not going to really be that exciting or that useful. There's a number of things that have to happen, obviously, before we can really kind of monetize this and execute on it. Right now, every single station we have has about -- has 6 megahertz of spectrum. We currently broadcast through ATSC 1.0, and that is the transmission technology that most of the television sets have that can receive our signal.

We are also broadcasting in 3.0. And 3.0 has the capability of broadcasting everything that we're doing in 1.0 using less spectrum. So just rough justice, if you think about 6 megahertz of spectrum that we're utilizing today, we can do everything pretty much in maybe 2 megahertz of spectrum. And so it really would free up a lot of capacity. But in order to do that, we first have to get stop broadcasting in 1.0 to free that up, and that's going to really require that you have a critical mass of people that can be able to receive the signal in 3.0, television sets, converters have to be out there before we could kind of drop 1.0, free up that spectrum and then utilize it for third-party purposes or third-party high-speed data transmission services or whatever else we want to do.

But we think it's a highly valuable asset. We believe that from our perspective, we really want to create another leg to the stool in terms of revenue, another potential for ongoing value creation rather than just kind of a one-and-done sale process, which a sale process would take a significant amount of time anyway, would have to go through the government and that whole process.

So yes, 5G, lower-cost 5G replacement, complementing satellite distribution of Starlink, our signal penetrates buildings and things of that sort. So all of those use cases are under study by our EdgeBeam consortium. We meet with the CEO of EdgeBeam on a regular basis, and we continue to be very focused on monetization, but long-term monetization. I mean digital signage we can do today and are doing some of probably wouldn't cover the cost of lunch at this convention today, what we're generating in revenue. But there are proof cases out there, whether it's in-car video or navigation, fleet management, GPS, precision, but any number of high-speed data transmission cases. And there's even some very wonky things that we're talking about that could be very, very interesting, require a higher level of coordination of spectrum partners, creating spectrum pairs for 2-way compatibility.

But those are the things that we're talking about and thinking about. And it continues to be part of our future, and everybody wants to know when are we going to see money. And I would argue that we're making money from our spectrum today with our digital multicast that we either generate vis-a-vis distribution and advertising or somebody leases space from us for their digital multicast. But again, that's just kind of transitional use of the spectrum until we have the ability to use more of it for high-speed datacasting and other services.

That's great. Lee Ann, I was maybe not paying attention or writing too fast. I missed the megahertz pop number that you gave under EdgeBeam. Can you...

7 billion megahertz pop.

7 billion. All right. So advertising. So I keep reading about the K-shaped economy and everyone seems a little bit nervous, but the economy seems to be doing reasonably well. Having said that, there was some commentary that you guys made earlier in the year and some other broadcasters made it about sort of potential political crowd out and maybe the underlying strength wasn't that healthy. And so the nonpolitical part of your advertising business feels a little bit like less -- I don't know, less strong than what we're hearing from the outdoor companies or the digital companies. Is that true? Is that a fair characterization? And if so, what underpins it, do you think? Is it auto sales like weak auto sales?

So, I think -- look, I think we were down mid-single digits on a nonpolitical basis in the first quarter. We've guided basically to the same in the second quarter, maybe slightly better. I think outdoor does not have anywhere near the level of political advertising that television broadcasting have. So when you think about the types of things that are impacting that nonpolitical advertising, there's really kind of 3 components.

Number one is crowd out, right? If we sell an ad for political, we cannot sell it for commercial. So it does have a direct impact on that rate of growth. And in a strong political environment, it's a bigger impact. So that's number one. Number two is really just the general pressures that we're seeing in kind of advertising from the proliferation of CTV and additional advertising inventory that's available to advertisers. So that's been an impact for us, but that's been something we've been dealing with for some time. And then we are seeing some economic impacts. We are seeing some of our customers telling us, hey, we don't love the impact of the war. We don't love the impact of these tariffs. We don't -- we have overall sort of economic hardships that are impacting the overall business.

So those are the kind of the 3 impacts. Nothing is kind of off the rocker or off the radar screen in terms of what's going on. So we feel good about the business, and we feel like we've got a good sustainable business on a go-forward basis. We did get ask the question in the first quarter because everybody is like, well, what's going on with these network -- cable network businesses that seem to be doing better. And what we discovered was Nielsen did make a change in the ratings, and that really went from a lot of these cable networks were having negative ratings growth to actually all of a sudden having positive ratings growth. And they were able to monetize that in the scatter market. But that's the cable network side of the business. We are primarily a local advertising-based business.

There is a positive impact that's happening right now in terms of Nielsen. We'll see what the actual -- or a potentially positive impact. Let me just be precise in terms of they're changing in rating where they are making some adjustments to the way that local is measured to make it more on par with how national advertising is measured. And so that could have a positive impact, but we'll have to see how that plays out.

And political is ripping right now. And what we're seeing is crowd out used to be basically an October problem and -- now it may be a Labor Day through the election kind of a problem in highly contested markets. You probably saw where in a press conference, the President said he was going to spend $400 million to $500 million on the midterms. He has spent almost no money out of MAGA Incorporated to date. So that money has yet to get dropped in. He just released the first $10 million to support Ken Paxton in Texas over the weekend as well. So if that money moves into the market, that time has not yet been reserved. And so we're seeing record levels of spending and earlier spending because early voting starts in states like North Carolina in 2 to 3 weeks here. So the election will begin. And so I think you're going to hear and see more about political here right up through the election, but starting earlier than it has certainly in the midterm before.

We got some -- I don't know if there are some news items related to this, but a handful of investor questions about this lowest unit price. From what I can read, it doesn't seem -- I mean, first of all, it's very complicated. But I would love for you to just -- what can you say about lowest unit price? Is it a big change, small change? Does it matter?

Yes, something we've been already dealing with, right? So with respect to the political advertising, we must provide political candidates the lowest unit rate for the advertising that they provide. What the Supreme Court ruling allowed now is for party money to be also subject to that, coordinate basically with the candidates and have access to that lowest unit rate. Right now, the party money is about 5% of our overall political advertising revenue. And so we feel like it's a very manageable amount of money that can be managed through the system with respect to what rates we're providing.

And then we also think there's a potential positive in the sense that we know that linear advertising or linear political advertising is among, if not the most effective form of advertising for politics, getting people out to the vote and then actually securing the vote. And so we think that parties in coordination with their candidates, there actually may be more money that could potentially swing towards our business because, hey, now we can have access to that lowest rate and access to that advertising that is actually so much more effective than what they have seen in other areas. So we're not seeing it as a negative for this cycle. We think that we'll be able to manage right through that.

I get just a tiny bit more wonky. It's lowest unit rate by class of time. So if you have a multi-grid rate card and you manage your grids accordingly and aggressively, you'll do just fine.

Yes. Okay. Well, that's great. We're out of time. But Perry, Lee Ann, thank you.

Thank you so much. Appreciate it.

Good day, and welcome to Nexstar Media Group's Second Quarter 2026 Conference Call. Today's call is being recorded. I will now turn the conference over to [ Joe Jaffoni ], Investor Relations. [ Jaffoni ], Investor Relations. Please ahead.

Thank you, Sachi, and good morning, everyone. I'll read the safe harbor language, and then we'll get right into the call. All statements and comments made by management during this conference call other than statements of historical fact may be deemed forward-looking statements for purposes of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. .

Nexstar cautions that these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected by the forward-looking statements made during this call. For additional details on these risks and uncertainties, please see Nexstar's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and Nexstar's subsequent public filings with the SEC. Nexstar undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

It's now my pleasure to turn the conference over to your host, Nexstar Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Perry Sook. Perry, please go ahead.

Thank you, Joseph, and good morning, everyone. We appreciate you all joining us today. You'll be hearing from [ Mike Biard ], our Chief Operating Officer; and Lee Gliha, our Chief Financial Officer, after my opening remarks this morning.

Nexstar delivered record second quarter results, including an all-time high quarterly revenue number of $2 billion, adjusted EBITDA of $633 million and year-over-year free cash flow of more than doubling to $238 million for the quarter. Our outstanding performance was driven by the TEGNA acquisition, [ advertising ] revenue growth and disciplined operating execution that has long been a hallmark of this company.

Advertising revenue benefited from strong midterm election political advertising, incremental FIFA World Cup sports advertising and continued growth in legacy local streaming [ advertising ]. On the cost side, we continue to drive efficiencies and improve profitability by centralizing station marketing, automating content production and realigning our sales incentives.

I'll briefly review a few of the operating highlights, after which I'll provide a brief update on our litigation matters. Starting with NewsNation, the network continues to distinguish itself through its commitment to objective, fact-based reporting and balanced perspectives, maintaining its position as the fastest-growing cable news network in primetime and total day with total viewers in June 2026 growing 44% over the comparable prior-year period.

The CW also achieved impressive results, ranking as the ninth most watched ad-supported television network in total day, with CW Sports achieving its strongest quarter ever. In addition, the CW accelerated its growth strategy by entering into new distribution partnerships with both ESPN and Roku, expanding our reach to new streaming services.

In July, we launched [ ATSC 3.0 ] in Cleveland, Ohio, completing the deployment of the next-generation broadcast standard now across the top 20 industry [ DMAs ]. This most important milestone was made possible by Nexstar's acquisition of [ WBNXTV ], which removed the structural constraints that have previously hindered deployment in that market.

In addition to delivering superior picture quality and immersive audio, [ ATSC 3.0 ] leverages broadcast spectrum more efficiently to support high-speed data transmission and enhanced services, providing meaningful benefits for both viewers and local communities.

In terms of local programming and community engagement, during the quarter, our owned and operated stations earned 34 regional [ Edward Armor ] awards for outstanding journalism and exceptional locally produced news programming. These awards represent and reflect the hard work of our teams and the crucial impact of quality local journalism on the communities that we serve nationwide.

We also celebrated Nexstar's 30th anniversary on June 17 by giving back to our local communities through our annual [ Founders Day of Caring ], which provides employees with paid time off to volunteer locally. This year, we expanded our commitment through the Nexstar Media Charitable Foundation, 30 [ days of giving ] initiative, which awarded grants to 60 employee nominated nonprofit organizations across our local television markets.

On the capital allocation side, Nexstar returned $57 million or $1.86 per share to shareholders in the form of dividends, representing an annualized yield of just under 4%. In addition, during the quarter, we made significant progress towards our debt reduction goals by repaying $409 million in debt, which equates to a little bit more than $13 per share of equity value.

Looking ahead, we are well positioned for strong free cash flow generation in the second half of 2026, and we remain committed to defending our acquisition of TEGNA against baseless attacks. To that end, we continue to focus on defending our position in the ongoing litigation and continuing our full compliance with the preliminary injunction issued last April.

Now I'll spend a few minutes bringing you up to speed on where we are today. In May, TEGNA appointed an experienced broadcast executive, Patrick Paolini to CEO, where he is responsible for leading the company and overseeing all aspects of its business, including operations, local journalism, revenue growth and strategic initiatives.

Since the Patrick has promoted or hired several executives to serve in various leadership roles spanning legal, finance, human resources, technology and programming affirming TEGNA's independent operations under Nexstar ownership.

Nexstar remains resolute that a complete factual record will demonstrate that the DIRECTV and States Attorney's General lawsuit is without merit, and the company is committed to resolving the matter [ expeditional ] as the legal process will allow. With that, I'll briefly review the key milestones in the litigation to date, along with related regulatory developments.

On May 20, 2026, Nexstar filed its opening brief with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit seeking an expedited [ pellet ] review to narrow the scope of the preliminary injunction and to dismiss the state's plaintiffs with oral arguments now anticipated in the fourth quarter of 2026.

On July 9, 2026, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit rejected all challenges to the Media Bureau's order approving Nexstar's acquisition of TEGNA, concluding that the appellate have not met their burden to show a referable harm. Today, the FCC is scheduled to vote on a proposal to eliminate the national broadcast station ownership cap and replace it with a case-by-case review process for M&A in the future.

Finally, on July 6, 2027, the bench trial for the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of California is scheduled to begin. The court has allocated approximately 15 days for trial to consider the merits of the antitrust claims with equal time provided for each side.

We recognize that several claims have been made about the TEGNA acquisition by the state's Attorney General and others. However, the facts tell a very different story. That's why we posted a new presentation on our website, [ Nexstar.TV ] to clarify the details for our investors and the public at large. While we encourage you to review this presentation on your own, I'll spend a few minutes just touching on the main points.

First, this transaction underwent extensive review by both the FCC and the Department of Justice before receiving regulatory approval with the FCC concluding that the acquisition serves the public interest.

Second, Nexstar remains a relatively small participant in the broader media landscape. Some pundits have confused the reach of our television stations with our market share. The signals of Nexstar's television stations and those of our partner stations now reach 80% of the U.S. population compared with 70% before the TEGNA acquisition.

However, our stations account for less than 5% of the total viewing and we increasingly compete against significantly larger technology, media and distribution companies. In terms of ownership, Nexstar owns less than 15% of full power U.S. television stations.

Third, the free universal access afforded by local broadcast television is not just a convenience, it is an essential public service and central to Nexstar's mission. Our stations have always been available to consumers for free over the air, and they remain so today. Prices paid for paid TV subscriptions are determined by the satellite, cable and streaming television providers and not by Nexstar.

Fourth, our commitment to independent fact-based journalism, local journalism in particular, has not changed, and our local newsrooms continue to retain editorial independence as always. Underscoring this fact is the analysis from independent [ Watch Dog Group and Ed Fontes ], which confirms time and again that Nexstar provides unbiased and reliable news.

Finally, this acquisition strengthens and not weaken its local journalism. Nexstar has a long track record of expanding local news following acquisitions, increasing local news hours by 18% since the Tribune acquisition, and we have plans to do so with the TEGNA stations as well.

Most recently, we announced the launch of new daily primetime local newscast in Dallas and in Phoenix. Greater scale enables us to invest more in local journalism, create differentiated programming and better serve the communities in which we operate.

In summary, as these various processes play out, we remain committed to maintaining the same level of professionalism, integrity and respect that has defined Nexstar and earned us the trust of our viewers, our partners and our stakeholders for more than 3 decades.

Taking the high road does not mean remaining silent in the face of commercial and politically motivated attacks. We will continue to respond appropriately and decisively with transparency and the facts in a manner that is consistent with the values that we have upheld since our founding.

We have a depth of executive leadership and legal expertise to help address these matters while continuing to operate the business at a high level as our results prove today. Our focus remains on executing our strategy, serving our communities and meeting or exceeding our financial targets.

With all of that said, let me now turn the call over to [ Mike Baird ]. Michael?

Thank you, Perry, and good morning, everyone. Nexstar's consolidated financial results for the 3-month period ending June 30, 2026, include TEGNA operations for the full quarter, while the comparable 2025 period reflects only Nexstar's legacy business units. We've posted supplemental financial information on our website detailing the combined results of Nexstar and TEGNA for the comparable 3-month period ending June 30, 2025, which I will address during my remarks.

The company delivered record second quarter net revenue of $1.99 billion, an increase of $764 million or 62.2% compared to the prior year, primarily due to $697 million of revenue from TEGNA and higher [ advertising and distribution ] revenue from our legacy business units.

On a combined basis, net revenue increased 4.7% year-over-year, driven primarily by political advertising and distribution revenue, offset in part by lower nonpolitical advertising.

Second quarter distribution revenue of $1.1 billion increased $383 million or 52.3% compared to the prior-year quarter and primarily reflects $362 million of revenue from TEGNA and $23 million higher revenue from our legacy business or 3.1% due to increased rates, growth in [ vMVPD ] subscribers and the addition of CW affiliations on certain of our stations, offset in part by [ MVPD ] subscriber attrition.

On a combined basis, [ distribution ] revenue increased 1.3% year-over-year as growth in legacy Nexstar distribution revenue was offset in part by a decline in TEGNA [ distribution ] revenue as growth in rates did not offset subscriber declines.

Subsequent to quarter end, we completed a multiyear agreement with CBS in July to extend its affiliations in 36 markets. We replaced or will replace a CBS affiliation with a CW affiliation in 4 markets: Jackson, Mississippi, [ Bismark ], North Dakota, [ Rapid City ], South Dakota and [ Birmingham ], Alabama. And we promoted Fox from a subchannel to replace CBS on our primary channel in Albuquerque, New Mexico. We also plan to expand local news programming in Greenville, [ Spartanburg ], South Carolina.

For the last few years, CBS has been using a tactic to take or move a few affiliations in smaller markets or markets where they have [ O&O ] stations to improve their negotiating leverage and affiliation negotiations.

As Paramount, the parent company of CBS, works to finalize its $100 billion-plus acquisition of Warner Bros. [ discovery], it looks to have increased scale and resources to further pressure broadcast affiliates to pay more for less content in the future. This is yet another example that reinforces the strategic importance of the TEGNA acquisition by strengthening Nexstar's ability to negotiate fair and balanced terms with much larger network counterparties.

Also in July, network -- DIRECTV declined our FCC mandated offer to extend our expiring distribution agreement through November 30, 2026 on status quo terms. That development raises important points relevant to our consumer pricing claims at issue in the litigation.

We don't control the retail pricing of any of our distributors' products. The distributors alone make that decision based on a variety of factors unique to them, including what they pay for a long tail of cable networks with little unique or exclusive programming. Nexstar, however, remains under compensated relative to many other programming providers, particularly given the significant viewership delivered by broadcast stations compared with so many cable networks. The presentation Perry mentioned in his remarks provides additional data on this dynamic.

Inclusive of all these factors, we have no changes to the original distribution guidance we provided for legacy Nexstar, which we reiterated last quarter as well.

Turning to [ advertising ] revenue. Advertising revenue of $862 million increased $387 million or 81.5% over the comparable prior year, primarily reflecting $331 million in TEGNA advertising and a $75 million increase in political advertising revenue at legacy Nexstar, offset in part by lower nonpolitical advertising due in part to [ crowd ] out from political advertising, competitive pressures and economic softness.

On a combined basis, nonpolitical advertising was down 5.8% for the same reasons I just mentioned, offset in part by incremental revenue from the impact of the FIFA World Cup during the quarter and strong local digital revenues at legacy Nexstar. Top-performing categories included attorneys, gaming and sports betting and general services. Bottom-performing categories included medical health care, drug stores and medication and auto. None of these was a particular outlier.

Now turning briefly to [ Nielsen ]. Last quarter, we received several questions about our local advertising trends compared to what was -- compared to what some of the national network businesses were reporting. [ Nielsen ] made a change in the first quarter to as a ratings methodology that reflected an increase in the number of cable television households and a decrease in the number of streaming households. This change provided a number of national cable networks with a significant boost in ratings and an ability to better access the scatter market.

That development, however, did not materially impact our business has the change did not affect local measurement, which accounts for the lion's share of our advertising revenue.

On a potentially positive note, [ Nielsen ] is scheduled to implement a new methodology for measuring local impressions on August 31, 2026, which would put local measurement more on the same footing as national network measurement and could significantly increase our local advertising impressions. Of course, the ultimate impact will depend on the final implementation, particularly as [ Nielsen ] is making additional methodology adjustments across the TV ecosystem.

Returning to our results. For the third quarter, including TEGNA on an as combined basis; nonpolitical advertising is expected to decline mid-single digits but slightly improving from second quarter, impacted by political crowd-out, reflecting a competitive advertising environment, offset in part by continued growth in local digital advertising.

We delivered strong second quarter political advertising revenue, driven by favorable primary and early gubernatorial spending. Political advertising was $147 million, up 8% versus 2022 and 99% versus 2024 on a combined basis, driven by healthy spending in the key states of California, Georgia, Colorado, Texas and Maine.

Recently published fundraising reports continue to show exceptionally strong cash on hand totals for both candidates and major Senate super [ packs ], providing the financial capacity to increase spending in top-tier battleground states. Ohio is expected to be the primary driver of Q3 upside, fueled by competitive Senate and gubernatorial races, which were both rated toss-ups as of mid-July.

As you may have seen on June 30, 2026, the Supreme Court eliminated federal limits on coordinated spending between national party committees and their candidates. As we previously discussed, we do not expect this change to have a material impact on our outlook for the year, although it could provide a modest benefit if additional party spending flows to effective platforms like linear television at the lowest unit rate.

Turning to the CW. We continue to execute our strategic plan and remain on track to achieve profitability in the fourth quarter, with full year losses expected to improve by more than 30%. The network continues delivering value for both Nexstar -- for Nexstar, both offensively and defensively.

Defensively, as I mentioned, we were able to leverage the CW affiliations to replace CBS in several markets. Offensively, our growing CW Sports portfolio is driving stronger ratings, advertiser engagement, and marketplace interest as reflected by the recent distribution partnerships with ESPN and Roku, each of which expands our reach to new streaming audiences on leading platforms.

In addition, the power of the CW broadcast model keeps delivering more viewers. The [ NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts ] series on the CW has delivered strong results, with 18 of the first 19 races in 2026 exceeding 1 million total viewers, driving viewership up 14% year-over-year through the second quarter. During the quarter, we expanded our sports lineup through a multiyear agreement with WWE for 20 NXT [ premium ] live events and are working on a number of additional deals we expect to announce in due course.

These investments are strengthening the CW's position with viewers and advertisers, driving increased demand and improved pricing, and we expect to report a positive upfront once the market fully settles.

And with that, it's my pleasure to turn the call over to [ Leanne ] for the remainder of the financial review. [ Lan ]?

Thank you, Mike, and good morning, everyone. Mike gave you most of the details on the revenue side and the CW. So I'll provide a review of expenses, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted free cash flow, along with a review of our capital allocation activities. .

Combined second quarter direct operating and SG&A expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization and corporate expenses, increased by $500 million, driven primarily by the acquisition of TEGNA, $11 million in onetime expenses related to the [ Transec ] transaction and offset in part by a slight reduction in recurring legacy Nexstar operating expenses.

Excluding onetime expenses, second quarter recurring cash operating expenses on a combined basis were lower by $10 million, driven by expense initiatives at legacy Nexstar that Perry mentioned and lower digital cost of goods sold and programming expenses at TEGNA.

[ Q3 ] 2026 total corporate expense was $131 million, including noncash compensation expense of $40 million compared to $64 million, including noncash compensation expense of $21 million in the second quarter of 2025.

The $67 million increase is primarily due to the acquisition of TEGNA including a year-over-year increase of $50 million of onetime costs, of which $32 million of the increase was from cash, primarily related to change in control severance and accelerated stock vesting and legal and other professional fees associated with the TEGNA transaction as well as increased legal fees at Nexstar.

Q2 2026 amortization of broadcast rights included in our definition of adjusted EBITDA was $87 million, an increase of $8 million from $79 million in the second quarter of 2025, primarily due to the TEGNA acquisition. On a combined basis, amortization of broadcast rights was down approximately $2 million year-over-year.

Q2 2026 income from equity method investments was $3 million, which primarily reflects our 31% ownership in [ TV Food Network ]. This compares to $11 million last year, with the reduction primarily due to [ TV Food Network ] declining advertising revenue.

Putting it all together on a consolidated basis, second quarter adjusted EBITDA was $633 million, representing a 31.8% margin, an increase of $244 million from the 2025 second quarter of $389 million. TEGNA operations accounted for $187 million of this gain with the remainder due primarily to the political cycle. On a combined basis, Q2 2025 adjusted EBITDA, including TEGNA, would have been $545 million.

Moving to the components of free cash flow and adjusted free cash flow. Second quarter CapEx was $45 million, an increase of $16 million from $29 million in the second quarter last year, primarily due to the TEGNA acquisition. On a combined basis, second quarter CapEx was -- in 2025 was $36 million.

Second quarter net interest expense was $190 million, an increase of [ $93 million ] from second quarter of 2025 due primarily to the increased interest expense associated with the debt incurred to facilitate the TEGNA acquisition. On a recurring cash basis, this compares to $185 million in Q2 2026 versus $94 million in Q2 2025.

Second quarter operating cash taxes were $151 million. Payments for capitalized software obligations, net of proceeds from disposal of assets and insurance recoveries were $8 million. Cash programming amortization costs were higher than cash payments by $2 million as certain programming payments were deferred, and we received an $11 million distribution from [ Food Network ].

Putting this all together, consolidated second quarter 2026 adjusted free cash flow was $238 million, more than double last year's $101 million.

Looking ahead, we are projecting CapEx in the $50 million range in Q3. Third quarter cash taxes are estimated to be in the $65 million range. From an interest expense -- excuse me, from an interest perspective, our run rate quarterly interest expense based on our current balances outstanding as of June 30 is about $185 million. That amount will fluctuate with [ silver ] rates, which are expected to increase and reduces we pay debt. Affecting our cash in the quarter will be our first interest payment on our new $3.39 billion senior secured notes. In Q3 2026, payments for programming are expected to be in excess of amortization by $9 million.

Now turning to capital allocation on our balance sheet. Together with the cash from operations generated in the quarter and cash on hand, we returned $57 million to shareholders in the form of dividends. Consistent with past commentary, we made no repurchases, instead using excess cash to repay $409 million of debt. Nexstar's outstanding debt as of June 30, 2026 was $11.7 billion, an increase from $6.3 billion at year-end, reflecting the impact of the TEGNA acquisition.

During the quarter, we also closed on the refinancing of our 2027 senior notes with new $1.725 billion of 7.25% senior notes due in 2034. Our cash balance at quarter end was $218 million. Because we designated the [ CW ] unrestricted subsidiary, the losses associated with the CW are not accounted for in our calculation of leverage for purposes of our credit agreement.

In addition, our credit agreement allows us to include the adjusted EBITDA of TEGNA as if we acquired the business on the first day of the period presented and to [ add ] back onetime expenses related to the deal and any operational restructuring and to include the impact of any synergies we expect to realize within 18 months of the close of the transaction, which would be September 2027.

In early July, we learned that the trial on the merits of the plaintiff claims is set for July 6, 2027. Given the limited time between the resolution of the trial in the September 2027 date, we removed the synergies from the leverage calculation. If conditions change, we can revisit this assessment and calculation. As such, our first lien covenant ratio as of June 30, 2026 with the last 8 quarters annualized was 3.21x, well below our first lien and only covenant of 4.75x. Our total net leverage for Nexstar was 4.22 at quarter end.

Our Q3 2026 cash flow will be deployed first to fulfill our mandatory obligations including debt repayments, pension and defined benefit plan contributions, our dividend and then to optionally repay any additional debt with excess cash flow.

Despite the delay in our ability to execute on the synergies we expected from our acquisition of TEGNA, we continue to benefit from the combined strong political [ year ] cash flow of the company. From the date of acquisition at the end of the year, we currently anticipate repaying over $1 billion of total debt, creating over $33 per share of equity value.

With that, I'll open up the call for questions. Operator, can you go to our first question?

[Operator Instructions] The first question is from Dan Kurnos from Stonex.

I guess, first for Perry, I guess, I'll call it housekeeping. I think I asked you this last quarter, but assuming the FCC repeals the cap today and then it subsequently probably upheld in the [ DC ] Court of Appeals, do you think that has any bearing on your trial process?

And then operationally, I guess, could you guys give us updated views on overall political we see everybody raising numbers? I know you guys have given us what you think your take will be of the total. But would be helpful to get color there. And Mike, just maybe some more granularity on the [ Nielsen ] change that's planned in August, that would be super helpful.

I would say, first, as it relates to the elimination of the cap, which I believe that both has occurred while we were speaking this morning; so I think it will remove a certain level of uncertainty in future M&A. I do think there'll be probably a judicial review of the FCC's decision, but we believe -- we Nexstar believe that they are on very firm legal footing to make this declaration.

And we support and applaud the Chairman for his leadership in this issue to allow broadcasting to compete on the same playing field in the domestic U.S. with every other purveyor of advertising and a [ peer ] of video that we compete with that has access to 100% of U.S. households.

As it relates to our legal process, I think on balance, there could be marginal benefit because it makes the unknown known from a regulatory perspective. but I don't know that it will have a ton of effect as we go through our process. It's more about antitrust than the national ownership cap.

As it relates to political, we -- as I always say internally here, I'm betting the over. We've raised our internal political targets a couple of times in the last quarter here and continue to believe that [ political ] will be very robust through the balance of the year, and our current pacings would validate that. But I don't think we're prepared to give new guidance on that point. But suffice it to say, political is performing ahead of our internal expectations and likely ahead of yours.

Mike, I'll turn it over to you.

Sure. Yes. Very simply, [ Dan ], historically, Nielsen has credited cable network viewing after 1 minute of viewing within a quarter hour while local television historically required 5 minutes of minimum viewing. So the change that they're planning is to equalize those, bringing the 1-minute threshold to apply to local as well, which we think should portend good things for us.

The next question is from Benjamin from Deutsche Bank.

Appreciate the color you gave us on the time line for the case. I wanted to get your thoughts on the potential for smaller market-by-market M&A and whether it could make sense to pursue that in the meantime just because the window to do so may not be open forever.

I might challenge your hypothesis that the window would be open for -- not be open forever. The FCC last year actually removed the [ progestin ] against owning 2 top 4 stations in a marketplace. And you've seen a number of one-off or smaller transactions with other operators take place in our space during the [ pendency ] of our transaction.

So I don't know that there'll be necessarily a change in that. I do think that we will turn our attention at some point to portfolio optimization once we are fully able to operate and integrate all of the stations that we have bought so far. I do think there is merit in that, and I think there'll be some. And we get approached on a regular basis for swaps and things of that sort.

I think we want to clear the [ deck ] of the legal situation that we're in and have certainty on that. And then I think we will -- that will be kind of tap 2 of some of the things we'll do in addition to looking at other M&A in the broadcast space and elsewhere.

Got it. And then even though you haven't been able to integrate as planned, I wanted to ask what your early impressions have been of the TEGNA operations. What's impressed you? And what, if anything, has been surprising?

Well, our impressions of the TEGNA operations were formed during diligence because we haven't been able to have any direct conversations with any of the local operators. The CEO of TEGNA reports to a Board and reports on the overall financial health of the company, which is where we are able to be involved.

But beyond that and wherever things have required Board-level approval, it's been sought and delivered without change, but we've not had any ability to have any additional interaction or impressions from the TEGNA stations. But you heard [ Leanne ] perform -- report and Mike report on their operations. They're performing pretty much at the level of Nexstar.

The one area where they are slightly behind in terms of showing growth year-over-year is in distribution revenue. And that's because they're operating under their contracts and not ours.

The next question is from Patrick Sholl from Barrington Research.

Maybe a question on advertising trends. I realize it's hard to break out from the -- a little bit hard to break out from the political displacement. But could you maybe discuss like any differing trends between like the local news side versus some of the sports investments that you've made?

Maybe I'll take that. I think what you're talking about is really kind of the difference between our local business and kind of our [ national network ] business. And what we've seen is a little bit of a difference there because as you rightly point out on the national -- on the television side, on our national networks, we've been doing very well, both as the CW and NewsNation in terms of our incremental ratings. We've really done very well in terms of growing ratings because of our sports investments and just because of the traction we're getting on the new NewsNation side. So that's been strong.

I think on the local side on the TV side, we've been subject to the competitive environment that's out there with respect to the CTV inventory and other digital advertising that has somewhat impacted the TV side of things, but that had an offsetting impact when you kind of look at our local digital business.

Our local digital business continues to really just grow very strongly at double-digit rates because we are able to, as I've mentioned on prior calls, really kind of bundled together our local television business with CTV inventory, audience extension plans and other types of digital advertising. I think our team has done a phenomenal job of really kind of leveraging the local sales force that we have and kind of grabbing that and growing it.

So there is a little bit of a difference just in terms of the way the overall revenue lines up. But I think on the total basis, it ends up getting to where we have reported.

Okay. And then maybe just sticking with the local side. if you're able to complete the acquisition, I guess, within your markets, how do you kind of view just the competitive environment for local news? .

Competitive in terms of pricing? Competitive in terms of product or talent? What area of competition are you in...

I guess like on product and talent, I guess, is probably more I was thinking.

Well, I think that if you look at our track record in markets where we operate and have put 2 newsrooms under the same physical address, what I think you've seen is despite what people like to claim, a differentiation of product where we now have the ability to deliver local news in time periods that aren't necessarily competitive, it may be complementary and maybe stylistically different from one another.

And certainly, where we've inherited stations and acquired stations that have a strong local news brand. We've done nothing to to tamper with that because that is the station's calling card.

In San Diego, the station that we owned and the station we recently acquired from an independent operator there had a decidedly different editorial points of view, which we have allowed to continue under our ownership, even though the stations are in the same physical location and people get hung up on that, but it's really the product that goes out over the air and goes home. And we don't have a very good business if we're selling the same product [ trying ] to sell the same product to everybody across different streams and channels.

So this is a local service business, and it works best when the individual streams are allowed to individually serve the communities and constituencies where they have been able to find the most traction.

The next question is from Craig Huber from Huber Research Partners.

Great. On the CW side of things, you guys have obviously been pretty aggressive in recent quarters, movement affiliations over to the CW. Can you talk about the obvious benefits to Nexstar doing that, but also the not so obvious benefits you're willing to share with us? Let me start there, please.

I'll take that one, Craig. I think let me start with the fundamental distinction between intellectual property that you own versus intellectual property that you rent, right?

With respect to the CW, we have continue to sort of mine benefits from the fact that we own the programming from top to bottom. In a world where intellectual property is kind of the coin of the realm and allows you to take that content to every platform and every device, the flexibility to be able to control our own destiny in terms of the rights that we acquire, what we pay for those rights, what we pay to the network for those rights and then furthermore, the distribution flexibility where we can monetize that across every platform, whether it's mobile or streaming or what have you.

You're aware of the complexities we have trying to do that with respect to the big 4 affiliated networks. None of that noise, none of those restrictions, none of the impairments that we encounter with big 4 that we have with CW. So at a fundamental level, it's just sort of ability to control our entire destiny and then be able to distribute it where we need to.

As it relates to other benefits, we've talked in the past that as we talk about the CW, that really doesn't capture the entire benefits that flow to our broadcast business. as a result of an affiliation on a CW where we have found that the benefits there from a distribution perspective have been quite healthy, both from an offensive and defensive perspective.

Great. And then the uses of your free cash flow here is sort of the game plan here, maybe for like the next 18 months to just continue to focus paying down the debt related to the TEGNA transaction and then maybe flip the switch over to be starting aggressive again buying back stock? Or is it sort of dependent on your stock price, frankly, as you think out over the next 18 months, if you start going back into the market to buy stock. I just want to get a sense of how long you think you might be in debt paydown mode for.

Yes. Thanks, Craig. Our -- you're absolutely right. Our first priority right now is to deleverage the company and to pay down debt. And when we did the acquisition, we mentioned that we thought we would be back to the pre the pre-transaction leverage levels kind of by 2028. We're going to continue to work to pay down debt as quickly as we can.

In terms of repurchases, we'll just have to kind of look at what the stock price is at the time when our balance sheet is in the right position to execute on that and see how we're valued. Hopefully, we'll see some improvement in the stock price and some improvement in our multiple.

And then my last question, if I could, just a housekeeping question, [ Leon ]. Your corporate expense, nitpick question, was higher than I was expecting. I just -- if you take out the transaction one time items that you called out in your press release there, but what are you sort of expecting for that line over the rest of the year, please, corporate? .

Yes, we don't provide line item guidance for the year, but you can -- I would look at what we did last year and add TEGNA in. We've got all of that number -- those numbers presented on the website. And I would just assume that we have a slightly higher number as a result of increased legal fees.

The next question is from Aaron Watts from Deutsche Bank.

Thanks for having me on. Just 2 questions. from me, and I apologize if I missed this, but how is core advertising trending in the third quarter relative to the down 5.8 you cited for 2Q? And I appreciate some crowd out of starting to create in, but just trying to get a sense of the cadence and core strength sequentially.

Yes. So we don't report core separately. We just report nonpolitical advertising. And our -- and what we have said in the third quarter is our nonpolitical advertising is going to be down mid-single digits, but slightly better than what we saw in this quarter, which was down 5.8 on a as combined basis. .

Okay. Perfect. And then Perry, I appreciate your comments around the TEGNA process. And clearly, you see the merits of the case as being on your side.

How do you balance that and your confidence in a positive outcome in the courts with the time and the costs, both real-time and opportunity costs to ultimately get to that? And do you see an out-of-court solution that could help reach a palatable conclusion to this sooner than it's currently laid out for the court process?

It's hard to comment on that because, obviously, we don't want to open our playbook to the world here. I think that we are extremely confident that when one looks at the facts of the case and applies the law that we will prevail. We've already closed the transaction, but are not able to fully integrate the stations, as has been said multiple times on this call. But we do get the financial benefit of them and we can use that cash flow to pay down debt, which is obviously what we're doing. .

I think that -- and anything could be possible to -- we'll see how the -- our appeal on the hold separate order plays out. We'll see how our discussions and negotiations go along the way. Is it possible there could be an out-of-court settlement? I suppose so. But we feel supremely confident in our legal position. So I've got to balance that outcome with anything else.

Obviously, when we talk about potential portfolio optimization and swapping stations and doing things of that sort and additional M&A, we kind of want to clear the decks here before we do other things because we don't want those to be similarly delayed.

This new second layer of approval is something that I think all industry is going to have to grapple with in addition to telecommunications. Certainly utility, medical, others are being scrutinized under this well. And I think that has a profound impact just for M&A and business. And I think it's something that we'll have to be reckoned with as time goes on.

And if that becomes the new normal, then I think we all have to think about how that affects our business and our ability to grow our business and balance that against the risk of deploying additional capital.

So -- but I think that's not a Nexstar issue. That's not necessarily an issue just for media. But I think that whether you're a power company, a medical company, food company, an airline company; you're hearing these kinds of issues being raised out of quarters that have not raised them before.

I also -- you've got states that are now investing in or talking about investing in growing their antitrust legal team at the state level. And I guess my fundamental question would be certainly some states, is that the best use of the taxpayers' dollars and resources, given that you have a federal overlay that is charged specifically with looking at antitrust and public interest and those kinds of things? Seems the duplication of efforts to me.

But again, all of this will play out, I think, over time. And I would say anything is possible, but we don't have a particular lean at this point. I mean, obviously, if it -- if we can settle the litigation prior to going to trial next year, that has a benefit to us. But we're not necessarily under the same pressures that other people are in terms of drop-dead dates or ticking fees or whatever because we've already closed on the acquisition.

There are no further questions at this time. I would like to turn the floor back over to Perry Sook for closing comments. .

Thank you, operator. I appreciate everyone joining us today. I want to reiterate my confidence in Nexstar's long-term outlook and the enduring strength of the local business model. While we will address the matters before us with professionalism, transparency and resolve; our focus remains on executing our strategy, serving our communities, investing in high-quality journalism and in creating long-term value for our shareholders. including what we expect will be another record year of financial performance here in 2026. .

Thank you all for your continued support and confidence in Nexstar. And we look forward to updating you on our progress during our next earnings call in November. Have a great day. You can now disconnect.

This concludes today's teleconference. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation.

Next up, we have Nexstar Media Group, who will be joining us virtually. I'll start with the company introduction while we get them up on the screen. Oh, here we go.

So Nexstar Media Group, which is headquartered in Irving, Texas, is the largest local broadcast television group in the U.S. following the acquisition of Tribune in 2019, and the landmark acquisition of TEGNA, which closed in March 2026, the company now owns or partners with broadcast stations reaching approximately 80% of all U.S. television households, which is subject to the current hold separate order, which we'll get to. Nexstar also owns NewsNation, a national cable news network and has a 75% majority stake in The CW broadcast network. The company has around 30.5 million shares trading just over $181 when I last checked for a $5.5 billion equity market cap, $11.8 billion of net debt, $17.5 billion total enterprise value.

We have Nexstar's President and Chief Operating Officer; Michael Biard; and EVP and CFO, Lee Ann Gliha with us virtually. Thanks so much for joining us.

So kicking off with the TEGNA acquisition. Can you please start by walking us through kind of the rationale for this transaction as well as the litigation, an overview time line and path to resolution?

Yes, we could probably talk all day on that -- feedback here. So I'm not sure, if you hear me all right?

We can hear you.

All right. All right. Let's [indiscernible] turn on my own volume. Hey, Ann, can you hear me all right?

I'm getting lag as well.

Yes. Hey, all. Hanna, can you hear us okay?

We can hear you pretty good.

Okay. [indiscernible] Yes. I mean -- we've talked quite a bit about the rationale for the acquisition. So I won't spend a ton of time on that. I think the market understands that we're in a business where scale matters, right? Both in terms of operating scale across our station footprint as well as negotiate scale dealing with both suppliers programming and distributors of our programming. I'm saying, [indiscernible] it's terrible in terms of the feedback, so I'm not sure if you want me to continue like this?

And whoever is running the show, the show lead to 18th Annual Gabelli's Sports & Media Symposium...

We're hearing you okay still.

You are. Okay...

For anybody that's on virtual, it's not going to work.

Yes. Yes, we are saying that maybe [indiscernible]. Oh, I muted that one that makes a difference. Aha, there we go. Okay. All right.

Well, I won't repeat myself in terms of the justification for the TEGNA transaction, I think we've spoken publicly about that. I think the market understands that. So why don't I get right into kind of where we are today. So I think that's the question that we hear most often from folks, which is sort of give us an overview of the litigation kind of status, time line, path to resolution and so forth.

So briefly, we're in federal court in Sacramento, and we're also in front of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, which covers that trial court. We essentially have two separate tracks right now for the litigation. We have an appeal that's pending on the -- that's an appeal of the preliminary injunction that was entered by the trial court. And then we have the underlying trial on the merits. So the appeal, even in success won't resolve the case entirely, right? It will, in success, materially reduce the scope of the preliminary injunction and/or eliminate the state plaintiffs for a lack of standing. So we feel pretty good about both sets of claims there. And where we are in that process is we have filed our opening brief. The plaintiffs have a responsive brief that will come in the next couple of weeks, and then we'll have an opportunity to reply. We're looking forward to an oral argument, hopefully, in August, maybe as late as September, and then it will be in front of the court, and we'll get a sense of, hopefully, in the oral argument, what their time line is. But that's a matter of probably months, not weeks, for sure, going forward.

In terms of the underlying trial, I guess the path to how that proceeds will, at some level and probably materially so, hinge on what happens with the appeal, right? If we're left with just DIRECTV and a much narrower preliminary injunction, I guess the antitrust claims by DIRECTV will be seen much more starkly for what they are, which is, in our point of view, just a commercial dispute where DIRECTV has leveraged the courts to improve their position at the bargaining table. If the states remain, that will probably be a very different animal. As you've seen probably from some of our comments, we think the state's involvement here is largely political performance. So I'm not sure what the path to resolution like that or in that context will look like other than prevailing on the merits. And we feel really good about our position on the merits, and we're looking forward to actually the discovery process where we can get an opportunity to go through that procedure and make our case in the trial court.

So either way, whether in success at [indiscernible] level or otherwise, we expect we'll be preparing for a trial that will probably come sometime in mid-2027.

Can this might be unmuted for the virtual. Are we good?

We can hear you.

Okay. Sorry about that. I was hoping we can start on the business, on the core ad environment and pacings. Q1 saw non-political ads flat, slightly positive. Q2 is tracking down a bit, flagged some macro-driven caution around gas prices and consumer sentiment. Is this a cyclical air pocket or something more structural?

I will take that. But if could you put me back on the mute, that would great. Okay, great. Here we go. So yes, we did see a flattish non-political advertising in the first quarter, which was good. We were aided by the benefit of having the Olympics in the first quarter, which was good for Nexstar, but really good for TEGNA, given their extensive NBC portfolio. We did see, in the first quarter, a sort of shift in terms of the number of categories that we track all of our categories and just look at which are up or which are down. In the fourth quarter, we had about half increasing, half decreasing. And in the first quarter, we had more like 2/3 decreasing. When we see sort of that sort of uniform decline, that there wasn't anything that was particularly standing out. So to us, that reads more economic and macro.

But the other piece that you have to sort of make sure that you are focused on here is that we do have a crowd-out impact as well. The first quarter had very good political advertising, which I know we're going to get to in a minute. And second quarter, obviously, we expect to be good as well. So there's a component of this in addition to just macro that is related to crowd out, which is a very real impact on a go-forward basis. We do not see this as something more structural. This is a place that we've been before when we see sort of some macro headwinds. And then we also are seeing the impact of crowd out from a political perspective.

And then on political, which you alluded to, ad impact is projecting full year 2026 broadcast political slightly below 2024, but ahead of 2022. Can you talk about how you're thinking about Nexstar's share and the range of outcomes for this cycle? And then also potentially address the Supreme Court's ruling on the lowest unit rate access for PACs and how you plan to address that?

Happy to do that. So yes, first quarter, we saw really good political spending. We had the first quarter on a pro forma basis, including TEGNA. We were up 89% over 2022 and 19% over 2024, and that was driven in large part by the Texas primaries, which attracted quite a bit of political spending. We are seeing good continuation of the political trend into the second quarter. We -- the benefit of Nexstar is that we have a pretty broad portfolio. And when you look at just in general, what -- we spend a lot of time every single political year going through and looking at every single market and really kind of drilling down into the -- what district is being contested for what election and how do we cover it. And so when we look at that, and we look at the different types of elections, whether it's a local race or a Senate race or a gubernatorial race, we kind of look at how many of these elections are going to be contested and how does our footprint overlap with that.

And typically, Nexstar's footprint overlaps with north of 80% or 90% of the contested election markets. And that's beneficial to us because what happens is, inevitably, though, you'll think a race is going to be hot and strong and there's going to be a lot of political spending in it, and it turns out it's just not. But then there'll be another race you didn't think was going to be contested and then it is contested. And usually, when money moves around in the system, it hits Nexstar in some way, shape or form.

And so historically, when you look back, we've had a pretty consistent market share of broadcast political advertising spending. And that really ranges from kind of low double-digit to low teens market share. This year, based on how we stacked up versus the -- what we see as the contested election cycle, we think it's going to be a low double-digit market share of what gets spent on broadcast television. TEGNA, historically, if you look back, it's kind of been in the high single-digit range as well. So together, we should have a pretty good political season this year. And we're feeling good about the trajectory and what we've been seeing so far.

But as we all know, you can't really take what you're seeing in the first quarter or the second quarter and extrapolate that for the rest of the year. Really, the bulk of the spending comes in the kind of 8 weeks around the election. And that really is dependent on what comes to bear at that point in time.

I know you asked about the lowest unit rate. This is a question that gets asked, which the Supreme Court is potentially going to be looking at who that lowest unit rate applies to right now, it just applies to candidates, and there is a request for that to expand out to cover parties and PACs and make sure that everyone that's spending money from a political perspective, from election perspective is guaranteed that lowest unit rate. And really, we feel like this is going to have not really any kind of materially negative impact on Nexstar or the industry in general because really, it comes down to a supply-demand calculation. And as you get closer and closer to that election, there's just more demand than there is supply. And we just need to make sure that we are actively managing our rate card and doing what we need to do best with respect to do we allocate a slot for commercial advertising? Or is it allocated for political advertising and what's going to generate the most money.

So that's -- we don't really necessarily see this being a problem more so, just we need to make sure that we're managing it actively.

Digital is on track to surpass national TV ad revenue this year. Can you talk about the key drivers of that and how you think about the longer-term mix shift here?

Yes. So we have -- when we think about our business, we think about the great relationships we have with the local advertisers and the fact that we've got television stations that have been in these markets for decades and decades and decades. So that provides us a special relationship with a lot of these local advertisers and enables us to not only talk to them about how they can be spending their money on local television and local news, but are there other things that they can be spending their advertising dollars on that Nexstar can help them achieve.

So whether that is, hey, we want to spend money on the local news, but we really would like to also have some entertainment content or we want to have more sports content or we want to do a digital campaign. Those are things that we can -- our local sales force can sell to these local advertisers. And really, it's been a nice growth area for us. We've seen, from a local perspective, our digital services businesses grow kind of in the high single-digit to low double-digit range, and we see that continuing. It's really about kind of that audience extension and trying to create more of a value-added campaign for these local advertisers.

And so as we continue to focus on that and we grow that piece of the business, we have seen that more transactional-based business in our national advertising has become -- that's a little bit more transactional based, and it's just based on kind of advertising -- the advertising cycle. And so as we see digital kind of overtake national, we think that, that should provide some more longer-term stability to the top line, which we think is going to be very, very beneficial to the company over time.

And moving on to the retransmission and reverse comp dynamics. Sub trends have improved for the last several quarters. On a combined basis, the year-over-year declines are looking better than a year ago, driven by Charter's rebundling strategy and some early skinny bundle growth. How does it change your view of the distribution revenue trajectory from here?

Yes, I'll take that one. I guess let me give you our view of kind of what's happening with some of those trends. I think we see two factors contributing to the flattening rate of erosion, right? One is what you mentioned, the Charter approach to rationalizing the bundling and packaging of both linear and direct-to-consumer products that are out there. And I think also what's happening is there's a continued distillation of the pay TV universe to subscribers that really care about what's on linear programming, which is largely dominated now by sports and news. There are folks out there who don't care about that programming. I know it's hard to imagine that they exist. But our view is those folks are largely gone from the system. And so pay TV is much more sticky for the cohort that remains.

So backing out, we're obviously heartened by the trends. We wish they were a little bit more widespread. Right now, what we've seen is green shoots certainly from Charter. And we wish others were as aggressive in pursuing that model as Charter has been. I will comment as an aside, I wish DIRECTV would spend as much time focusing on their product as they do elsewhere. They probably would see performance that's closer to Charter's. But they've chosen to spend their time fighting broadcasters on retransmission consent, opposing every form of broadcaster M&A at the FCC and then pursuing litigation rather than negotiation. A bit of a digression, but I think it is relevant to the trends that you're seeing and some of the disparity in performance amongst different pay TV distributors.

So we're not totally surprised by the subscriber trends. We commented, I think, as early as fall of 2023 that we thought Charter's approach made good sense both for consumers. And if it was widely adopted, it would be a favorable trend for broadcasters and others on our side of the table. So we're gratified to see that starting to play out and hope it continues. You unmuted, a good long while ago.

We can hear you now. I apologize.

All right.

Ask the question again.

Oh, apologies. Just on network comp, in your view, has this line stabilized? Or where are we in terms of that trajectory?

Yes. Hard to know. I guess that the expectations on that trajectory, I think, are questions that are probably better put to the networks, right? And I suspect the answers you would get from them would not necessarily be uniform because I don't think they're all aligned in their approach to their affiliates or the appreciation for our contribution to their business, right? I think that the disparity in their respective approaches is evident, for instance, in how they treat their streaming services. Do they look at the network as sort of their primary product and the streaming service is a complement to that? Or does the network exist to sort of feed the streaming service and it's -- their streaming product is kind of their first priority.

I think how they answer that question says a lot about how they expect to deal with us, right? And the more the network sort of leans into their streaming product and treating the broadcast network as a de facto barker channel for the streaming product, then the less value that network is going to have to us, and I think the less we're going to be willing to pay for them, and I would expect the less that they would expect us to pay. The other hand, if they're going to lean into their network more and understand that a broadcast affiliate base, a healthy affiliate base is really the special sauce that distinguishes them in the universe right now, that will be a good thing for both of us.

And I'll just comment on that last point a little bit more. I think -- and I've said this to each of the networks directly, if they look at the affiliates as really a critical part of expanding the reach of their network, right, in a way that makes a broadcast network unique, that's really a good thing. The alternative is they want to be a pure-play streamer, they can go compete directly with Big Tech. If they want to be a cable network and go direct to distributor, well, that model is pretty clear as well. But I think that the really unique aspect of a broadcast network that gives them a leg up when they're at the table competing for rights is the fact that they have reach over the air and combined with localized products that only a broadcast affiliate base can bring to that product.

So I think we'll see how it plays out. We like our position. I will say that this is an area where scale is important, and it's another rationale for the TEGNA acquisition.

You tracking towards Q4 profitability and new partnerships with ESPN and Roku, if you can talk a little bit about what you're anticipating for the CW through the remainder of the year and moving forward as well as the longer-term margin structure of the CW in your portfolio, that would be helpful.

Sure. For everyone's benefit, just to make sure we're not talking past some folks who may not be aware of the deals that we've struck. So we've struck two partnership deals for the CW, one with respect to our live sports programming and ESPN. So ESPN starting in August, will have essentially a CW vertical inside all of their digital platforms, whether that's on apps or websites and mobile apps, connected TV apps, you name it. CW vertical will exist there where all of our live sports will air simultaneously inside the ESPN digital portfolio. We're super excited about that. It expands the reach of our programming in a way that allows us to not only sell the advertising to a broader base, but also reach subscribers to the ESPN products that may be outside the pay TV system today or outside the over-the-air distribution system that all of our affiliates have.

The other deal we struck is with Roku. And that is both a library deal and a current season deal. So all of the entertainment programming on the CW will air inside a CW vertical on Roku starting next day, right? And again, just like the ESPN deal, it allows us to expand the reach and broader digital inventory, frankly, for our sales team to sell.

So backing out of both of those. I think to your question on the sort of future of the CW, listen, we're incredibly bullish on the long-term potential of the CW, not only as a stand-alone business, but just as importantly, maybe more importantly, for how it complements our broadcast portfolio, right? The reason we got into the CW business to begin with is because we were the largest CW affiliate. We have dozens of CW affiliated stations out there. The growth of the CW programming and the conversion of it from largely scripted programming to now almost 50% live sports, is a great thing for our stations, and it complements perfectly with iconic news brands like KTLA in Los Angeles, WGN in Chicago. And the marriage of that local market-leading news combined with the CW national programming is just a great blend for us, and we're super excited about it.

So I think we will continue to be creative and nimble as we have both with the Roku deal and the ESPN deal. And I think our portfolio allows us to be probably a little bit more opportunistic than the other major broadcast networks. And what we've seen is rights holders who may not be able to get a deal done with one of the other major broadcast networks are thrilled to find a home on CW, and we've seen growth of the programming really for every franchise that we've brought there.

Helpful. And then just kind of expanding on that a little bit further with the RSN model continuing to unravel, local sports rights are increasingly up for grabs. Can you just talk about Nexstar's view on broadcast role in local sports distribution, I mean if the TEGNA station footprint changes that at all?

Well, I guess last question first. I think that given the fact that we're under the stay separate order with respect to TEGNA and can't operate those stations, there's really nothing in their footprint that changes the way we're thinking about anything right now when it comes to actually managing those stations day-to-day. So outside of that, in terms of our view of the local sports, yes, I think, listen, local sports rights continue to evolve in it. And I would say, an uneven, almost unpredictable way. I was struck by MLB proposal to labor last week where they're proposing to pool all of local rights and then divide up the revenues pro rata. That's a radical change, right, when you think about sort of the disparities that exist in the regional rights and the monetization of those between teams like the Dodgers on the one hand and pick a small market team out there that you want to, I don't want to pick on anyone in particular. That's a huge issue. And those disparities, I think, were significant in contributing to some of the rapid demise of the RSNs.

So as we think about it, I guess, I'll start by saying we have no interest in trying to recreate the RSN model through retransmission consent. We've said that publicly. We don't think that for several reasons, that makes a lot of sense for us. And I'll have to start with the fact that in most of our stations, trying to carry a full season of a team, let alone multiple teams in a market would be hugely disruptive either to the programming that we have on our big 4 affiliated stations or the programming that we have on our CW stations, right? There's not a lot of shelf space for us to carry full seasons of teams.

Secondly, the economics of that don't make a lot of sense. We don't have any interest in writing big checks that we then have to go pay for through increasing retrans. So we've seen others try and do that, and I'm not sure how well that's going to work out for them, but that's their business. We have a slightly different point of view. We think that broadcast is a perfect complement to sort of a multi-platform regional approach. You can see that in deals that we've struck with, say, the Clippers in Los Angeles, where we have 15 to 20 games of the Clippers on kind of a game of the week approach, that complements perfectly with the Clippers, both regional RSN business. And to the extent they have that going forward, that deal, I think, is over now, and their direct-to-consumer product, right? And we've done the same thing in Dallas with the Rangers, where we have a game of the week that complements their pay-TV approach and their direct-to-consumer approach. And we think leveraging broadcast for that top of the funnel sort of brand building is really critical for teams, right?

I think if they want to go strictly to RSNs or D2C, it's hard to grow their fan base, right, on those platforms. And we've seen teams who understand that are really interested in leveraging broadcast for that brand building. So we'll be -- we'll continue to be disciplined and we think opportunistic at the same time in terms of how we approach the local sports space.

Yes, and we will be moving on to our next session that Alec from my team will be hosting with Manchester United. Thanks.

Okay. All right. Great. I'm happy to be kicking off the conference. With Nexstar Media, we have Lee Ann Gliha, Executive Vice President and CFO. Lee Ann, thanks for being here.

Thanks for having us.

Okay. So Nexstar is about to turn 30, having turned from a single station to the largest local broadcaster. Maybe can you help set the stage for investors and how you see the company positioned today and what excites you for the next 30 years?

Yes. No, great. I appreciate it. Thanks for having us here. I was just looking at an e-mail I got from a former colleague who forwarded me something from an Investor Relations firm called Quartr, who looks at the top stocks that have been performing over the last 15 years. And Nexstar is the #5 performing stock over the last 15 years, ranking just one spot below NVIDIA. So I think that's -- it's pretty -- it's a good testament to what Perry and the team have been able to build over the years. And that really has been built on the back of the broadcast business model. And at the end of the day, we really believe that broadcast and that media is fundamental to how people view television. It's really fundamental to live sports, live content and local news viewership.

And we really have been able to demonstrate that business has been really sustainable and will be sustainable into the future. And the vision that we see for the company going forward is that no matter where you're going to view your television content, whether you want to view it over cable or satellite or over IP, you're going to be viewing that via a Nexstar television station that's going to be provided to you on those different services. And so we really believe that kind of the sustainable piece of it. I think that we have a very strong local footprint and that really has been helpful in driving the local news side of our business and the local sales side of our business. When you think about the overall investor landscape and all the different types of media companies that you are able to invest in, just broadly speaking, we believe that we are the choice for investors when it comes down to the local segment.

And we see that really continuing to proliferate going forward. We're getting into a variety of different new ways to service our local advertisers through providing a variety of different digital type advertising services, expanding our business model out. We're looking to advance our ability to monetize our inventory via programmatic channels. And so we view those as kind of core growth engines to our core base business. But then if you think about Nexstar as a broader company, we've got a number of different growth engines just within the business. So first of all, we've got a couple of networks. We have a broadcast network called the CW Network that we acquired in 2022, and we've been able to take that business from losing literally hundreds of millions of dollars to what we anticipate will be a profitable fourth quarter this year. And we've been able to really transform that business into a very strong programming slate, including, I think, nearly 50% of our programming hours are now sports and sports related. And then we've got -- and we expect that business to continue to grow.

We've got NewsNation, which is our cable news network, which is really meant to be an unbiased news network when you've got other networks out there on the left and on the right, you can come to NewsNation and really get the fact-based journalism that you're looking for. And that business has done really phenomenally well over the last -- since we launched it over the last 4 years. And in the first quarter was actually ranked as the 35th watched network of all networks. That's up from in the high 80s to low 90s last year. So we're really seeing some good strong growth with respect to viewership of that news network. And then the other area that we think will be good for growth for us going forward we -- the monetization of our spectrum. So we've got spectrum that is covering pro forma for the TEGNA acquisition, 80% of the country.

We are participating in a joint venture called EdgeBeam Wireless that together has nationwide coverage of the entire country. And so we're -- EdgeBeam is now working on monetization alternatives to lease out that spectrum for high-speed data transmission services. It's really the same sort of high-speed data transmission service that you're going to see that any wireless company can provide. The only difference here is that we are -- can provide those services at a very low cost because we already have an infrastructure that is fully built out because our towers are everywhere. So we really feel like we've got -- if you sort of boil it down, we've got a very solid core business that will continue to perform. We've got a number of growth engines in terms of digital advertising and hyper servicing our local customers, growing our networks of CW, NewsNation and then monetizing our spectrum. So we view that there's a long trajectory here for the next 30 years. Hopefully, we'll continue to be on that Quartr list going forward.

Got it. That was a great overview, and we'll cover some of that. Maybe we'll start with TEGNA. So deal closed on March 19. Can you just briefly review events since then and where matters stand on the various related legal proceedings?

Yes. So we closed the deal on March 19. We had approval of both the FCC and the DOJ. We had provided over 7 million pages of documents for the DOJ and the FCC to review. We then subsequently were challenged in court by DIRECTV and their owner TPG, who have their own commercial business that they're trying to pursue. We've also challenged by a number of states attorneys general. And what we ended up having was a preliminary injunction put in place on our transaction, which means that we need to effectively hold separate the assets of TEGNA.

And so while we own the company and we have the ability to access the cash and pay down debt and continue to benefit in that regard, we do have to have those operations operated separately from the Nexstar stations. So that means that TEGNA operates under its own retrans agreements. TEGNA operates its own operating strategies. We're not able to execute on any of the synergies that we had really planned, save for a few opportunities like elimination of public company costs and those types of things. So we are in that process. It's a highly unusual process. You don't typically see something like this happen. And so I just caution everyone, we're going to try to be as transparent as we can in telling you what's happening as it's happening, but it's -- really we're in the hands of the courts at this point in terms of either the appeal at the Ninth Circuit or the ongoing trial in the Eastern District.

Got it. And then as it relates to the industry, it would be great to hear your view of where you think the FCC is with regards to any action on the 39% ownership cap?

Yes. I think that the I can't -- we can't put ourselves in the minds of Chairman Carr, but I can point you to everything that he said to this point, which has been very positive statements about the need for deregulation and the fact that the rules that are in place today, limiting our access to only 39% of the country are very antiquated. So I would suspect that, that's a rule making that's still coming, but we -- I don't have any particular insight into what -- when that might happen.

Got it. All right. Let's shift to the advertising market. So at earnings, you had noted some incremental softness into Q2, more categories declining and growing. Maybe can you unpack what you're hearing from your marketing partners and how you expect items like higher gas prices are playing a role?

Yes. I think we have -- every quarter, I look at -- we have about 42 different categories of advertisers. About 60% of the volume of those advertising is -- comes from services-based companies, about 40% comes from goods-based companies. I tend to track how many of those categories are up or down on any given quarter just as a sort of a signal on like is this -- is whatever happening in the quarter isolated to a couple of categories? Or is it more broad-based? And what we have seen in the -- going into the second quarter is that we've got about 2/3 of the categories declining versus about half in the prior quarter. So I think we're looking at a little bit of a weaker environment. I think the -- when you look at -- when you see that many categories declining to me, it's just much more of an overall arching economic sentiment, and you tend to see that, right? Advertising is very cyclical. As you're starting to see gas prices increase or you're seeing concerns about the economy, that's the one variable cost that companies can pull back on. And so we're seeing a little bit of that going into the second quarter.

And on that 60-40 services to goods mix, I know you've talked about that as a natural hedge during the tariff uncertainty last year. Any sense for how that mix lines up in a period of economic uncertainty?

I think that in a period of economic uncertainty, it all gets taken into consideration sort of similarly. You don't -- the goods versus the services component really is much more apparent when you have sort of a supply chain issue, and that's where we have a little bit more of a hedge. But I think in general, you do see a little bit of more cyclicality that happens just in general. But having said all that, we do have about 70% of our advertising comes from the local segment, and that segment tends to be much more resilient in times of economic uncertainty because you really are talking about companies that rely on advertising to get people to come into their store, to buy their goods. And if they do start to pull back on that advertising, they see it in their own bottom line. And so we see that sort of line being a little bit more stable than overall advertising as a whole.

And just beyond the category mix, has the booking pattern itself changed, right? Are advertisers committing later? And what does that mean for inventory management?

We're really not seeing that at all, no, very similar to what it has been in the past.

Got it. So we understand that Nexstar is on track for digital revenue to surpass national television advertising this year. Maybe can you walk through the key drivers of digital and how you think about the growth runway?

Yes. So when you think about our digital advertising, we have several components of digital advertising. I would say probably a little more than half of the revenue is coming from our O&O advertising. So that would be our own properties, our websites, our own CTV apps, things like that. And then the other half is coming from third-party -- sale of third-party inventory. And so really, that is when we go and we have our local sales force and they go out and they talk to an advertiser, the advertiser wants to buy the local television station because they know the benefit of that. But they say, "Hey, you know what, maybe I want a little bit more entertainment content in my buy or I would like to address a specific audience. Well, we can provide that as a total solution to those advertisers.

And that really has been in the form of, for the most part, CTV, third-party CTV inventory. And those -- that business has been growing very, very strongly. And that's the piece that's kind of really kind of taking off. The other piece of our inventory from an O&O perspective aside from our local websites is our national websites like The Hill and NewsNation and CW, which also have -- are generating good advertising revenue, but not the same sort of strong level of growth that we're seeing on the local side.

Can we just talk through the CTV opportunity a bit more? I mean, what's the content strategy on those apps? And how does that develop as you compete for national platforms also looking for those local dollars?

Yes. No, for sure. I mean we basically have launched apps, CTV apps across all of our television stations over the -- all of our news-producing television stations over the last year. And the purpose of that was really to just create more CTV inventory for ourselves. That was our owned O&O, CTV inventory versus just selling third-party CTV inventory.

And the other piece of it is really trying to attract different audiences. If you can be online, you can create some content that is a little bit of a different feel -- look and feel than what you're seeing on television, maybe a little different time periods in terms of how long you're watching a video clip. Those things tend to provide a little differentiation to advertisers and to the audience and help expand our overall base. And so really, that's been the plan and the point of it, and it's been doing very well.

Okay. Great. Maybe switching gears to political. So at the start of the year, we thought there was some caution among broadcast groups regarding the 2026 outlook. However, the sentiment seems to be more upbeat in April and May. Maybe you can walk us through kind of what indicators you've seen so far and how your assessment of the midterm cycle has evolved.

Yes. Q1, we had a very good Q1 as did TEGNA from a political perspective, and that was driven in large part by some outsized spending in Texas. It's really hard to extrapolate what happens in any given quarter in a political cycle to the rest of the year because most of that spending does get done in the 8 weeks kind of around the election. So I would just caution everybody from getting overly enthusiastic of extrapolating what's happening in Q1 to the rest of the year. I will say we do spend time looking at the -- what some of the research firms are saying about the sector and AdImpact is one that we spend a lot of time with. And they projected that for broadcast, the 2026 year will be slightly down from the 2024 year, but ahead of the 2022 year, which is the comparable cycle.

Got it. There is a potential Supreme Court ruling that could change how political advertising gets priced at the station level. Can you just walk us through how you see that playing out and whether that's something that raises concern?

Yes. This is really just -- there's a requirement that candidates have to receive the lowest unit rate that we are -- that we offer to advertisers. And that would be just expanding out that lowest unit rate to be applicable to more advertisers in the political segment. And really, this comes down to a supply-demand question. As you -- as I just mentioned, you really are getting most of your dollars in that sort of 8 weeks around the election. And so as you get closer and closer into the election time, there's more and more demand and less and less supply for that inventory. And so it's just a matter of properly managing what our lowest unit rate is and managing that process which we think we can do.

Got it. Maybe going back to CTV, that's been the kind of fastest-growing channel for political spend. How is Nexstar positioned to capture some of those political dollars flowing towards connected television?

Yes. So CTV is something that has been growing pretty quickly. And that's actually the point that we -- a part of the reason why we created all of these apps in our local markets is to try to capture more of those dollars. And so that's really the extent of how we will be able to benefit from that in this election cycle, and that's fairly limited at this point.

Got it. Why don't we shift to distribution. So you recently expressed more optimism on subscriber attrition than in your original 2026 plan. Maybe can you unpack what's giving you that confidence? And are you starting to see skinny bundle launches or MVPD repackaging efforts show up in your sub counts?

Yes. I mean it's been -- it look great. We put together these summaries where we look at just the overall universe, and you guys can do the same because the information is available to you. But the -- in the first quarter of last year versus the first quarter of this year, the year-over-year growth rate is better by more than 1 point, so -- or decline rather. And that's really driven in large part by, I would say, not a variety of different strategies that the MVPDs have and most notably, the Charter strategy, which is not the skinny bundle. I call it the more is more strategy, right? They have taken all of the CTV content that's out there, the over-the-top Paramount+ and Peacock and all of those and rebundled it into a massive package that creates a lot of value for their consumers.

And they have really just -- I looked at I graphed out their rate of attrition. And for a long time, it was like a ski slope, a green ski slope going down, but now it's like a vertical cliff kind of coming back up in terms of the rate of attrition. So they've done really well, and that strategy has worked to so make video very important to them again. On the other hand, you do have companies like YouTube that are creating what I call the less is more strategy, which is a skinny bundle, and that seems to be working well as well. So both of those things together, I think, are going to be beneficial to the pay TV ecosystem and Nexstar.

Great. On the net retrans side, so you've guided to mid-single-digit growth this year. I think Perry has framed reverse compensation is on a downward trajectory to use these words. Maybe can you speak to the dynamics around content exclusivity that kind of underlie your confidence here? And what have the conversations with network partners been like on this point?

Yes. I mean, over time, what you have seen is these -- as I just mentioned, these sort of direct-to-consumer platforms that have been created by the networks that have made our content or made the content that they provide to us less exclusive because they're providing that content available to the consumers over those platforms as well. And so previously, when we were getting that content exclusive, that was -- there's one price point for that, and there's another price point when that content becomes less exclusive. And so you can just see it in the numbers, and you can see it in our guidance for the year in terms of what our -- the success that we've been able to have by using that rationale with the networks.

Got it. So staying on content exclusivity. So the potential for the NFL to open its rights window early has received a lot of attention. Certainly possible, we see nothing happen or no change. But -- in the scenario of networks paying more in return for, say, guaranteed rights through 2033, how do you think about the flow-through impact to your stations?

Yes. If you look back in time at prior cycles when the NFL increased their rates, we didn't really see a similar commensurate increase in our rates. Sort of just what I was talking about a minute ago, you can kind of think about what's the package of inventory or package of programming that is being provided to us by the networks. There's sports programming, which is doing well from a ratings perspective and entertainment programming, which is doing not as well from a ratings perspective. And so over time, how do we end up paying for this content? Do we pay maybe more for sports and less for entertainment in that bundle.

So we think that we're not entirely worried about that incremental cost on the sports rights coming back to us dollar for dollar because there's other things that, that network is providing to us that are maybe less valuable. The other thing we think could be interesting is as some of these networks are maybe paying more for premium sports content, are they going to have to rationalize some of their other sports content that the CW could potentially benefit from by providing an outlet for that content on our air.

Yes. We'll come back to CW Sports in a second. Maybe just staying on this point, though. So we've seen recently some retrans disputes for local sports content has become a sticking point. And I think you and Perry have previously expressed some skepticism on the RSN model for broadcast, but you do have some rights contracts now as a result of M&A. So as the regional sports model kind of further unravels, how are you thinking about the place of kind of stations to add some of this game content?

Yes. I mean I think we're still pretty limited in terms of the amount of local sports content that we have. And just given the way of the nature of how retrans gets negotiated, we really have to look at each of these local sports contracts on a case-by-case basis and make sure that they pencil out from a profitability perspective. I don't think our point of view has really changed on that. We are seeing the dislocation of that RSN model. And I think that there'll be some opportunity for us to pick up some sports rights, but I don't know that it will be super meaningful.

Got it. All right. Moving to the CW. So the ESPN and Roku partnerships seem like a new chapter for the network. Maybe can you walk through the strategic logic of putting CW Sports inside ESPN's platform and entertainment on the Roku Channel? And then I don't know, to the extent you can elaborate how the partnerships are structured financially?

Yes. Yes. So we've been working very hard to transition the CW into a sports destination. And so far, it's been, we think, very successful. We're going to have, I think, by -- for the '26, '27 broadcast year, 800 hours a year of sports content, which is unbelievable in terms of where we started. We had started at a network that sports had never been on the network before. And on the weekends, I think we're north of 13 or 14 hours on average on the weekend. So a very, very important part of our programming strategy. But having said that, we're still really -- we're early on. And we thought that in terms of looking at places to put our content that could attract the most possible audience, what better place to go than the #1 sports name, which is ESPN. And they were really looking to create a product that could be a destination for multiple different types of sports rights owners. And so this is a proof of that concept for them, and we think will be really beneficial to just adding to the potential audience for CW Sports.

Okay. And the Roku entertainment?

Yes. And Roku, similar thing, right? I mean -- we have different 2 types of content within CW. We have sports content and we have entertainment content. And again, Roku is the #1 AVOD destination. And so to create a separate CW channel inside the Roku channel will just provide an incremental opportunity to just have more access to more audience, which is what we're trying to drive at this point. It's all about driving audience, driving advertising dollars on a go-forward basis.

Okay. And to put it in perspective on sports, you started with LIV Golf, I think, to your point on the NFL, you'll see you see opportunities sort of level up CW Sports brand, too.

We've been leveling up as we go. We have the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts series, which is doing really well for us. We've got ACC. We've got Mountain West. We've got the Professional Bull Riders Association and the PBR. And so it's -- we're continuing to provide kind of a variety of sports programming that is not the sort of top-tier sports programming, but very watchable and with dedicated audiences. And so we just feel like we've created a great bundle here and are going to continue to grow it as we can.

Okay. As it relates to CW, I think you've mentioned a possible near-term headwind from Nielsen's transition to a different measurement methodology. Can you help us understand what that means commercially for the...

Look, at the end of the day, the CW is still relatively small from a -- for Nexstar as a percentage of our overall advertising revenue. So it's not like super meaningful in terms of our consolidated figures. But when you drill down into the CW, we have been seeing some headwinds with respect to the transition to the big data methodologies. And so we are working through that and trying to make sure that we are getting -- putting ourselves in the best position to sell that advertising going forward.

Okay. You talked earlier to profitability arriving in Q4 beyond breakeven. How do you think about the longer-term margin structure of the CW and what kind of contributor it can become?

Yes. Look, the CW, when we acquired it, was really meant for 2 different purposes. First purpose was really a defensive play to make sure that we continue to have CW programming because Nexstar is the largest affiliate of the CW. And we've only grown that position over time. And so the benefit that we're seeing from the CW is really a couple fold. One is the fact that we've been able to take the network from losing money to being profitable by the end of this year, but we've also been able to expand the number of affiliates, CW affiliates that we have on Nexstar stations, which we've been able to monetize very, very effectively. And so on a go-forward basis, from here, we do expect the network to continue to be profitable. That's assuming that we don't make a reinvestment in some other content right that would be an investment play going forward.

Got it. All right. You covered this a little earlier, but NewsNation, I think, was the fastest-growing network in primetime in March, up significantly across demos. Maybe just talk about what's driving that inflection, where the network sits today in terms of financial contribution.

I think this has just been a story of just kind of steady growth. If you kind of look back over time at NewsNation's growth in terms of the audience, it's just been kind of steadily growing quarter after quarter after quarter. And I think we're -- sometimes you catch some news that people tune into and that really then makes them knowledgeable of the station and the channel and the work that we're doing and then causes them to kind of continue to retune in. And so we're expecting that to continue to perform. Very excited about the increase in the rating ranking.

It's going to take some time to kind of monetize it over time, right, because you've got the -- every year, you have the upfront that's based on what you had done historically and what you expect to do. And so we just had that. And we'll have amounts that we can monetize in the scatter market. But then next year and the next upfront, hopefully, we'll be in a much better position. But the network from day 1 has been profitable. If you look at it, you compare it to any one of our television stations, it's one of the better performing stations in terms of profitability. And so we anticipate that, that profitability will only continue to grow as we grow the audience.

And as far as developing that model, I assume the midterm probably play a -- that cycle plays a role?

Not so much. I would say, we always say this, but it actually is true. All politics is local. And so at the end of the day, the dollars do get tend to spend -- get more spent on the local side of the equation.

Okay. I meant more on the development of...

Oh, I see. Yes. Well, no, it's interesting. I think we do obviously do our fair share of political coverage. We have an asset that is the #1 website that people go to for inside the Beltway information, which is The Hill. And we've got programming content that's on NewsNation that is reflective of that. But I would say a lot of times, NewsNation is kind of counterprogramming all the political content that is out there. We're focused on things that Americans care about other than just politics.

Got it. I want to ask on EdgeBeam, which is located here in Boston. So the venture has paying customers. I think at some point, you had described the revenue opportunity maybe somewhere down the line as potentially [indiscernible] distribution. Maybe just walk us through what the commercial pipeline looks like right now and kind of what are the milestones that investors should be focused on?

Yes. So as I mentioned, we have this joint venture with a number of our partners. And that really has been, I think, a huge positive event for development of ATSC 3.0. If you think about it, people say, "Oh, you've been talking about it for a long time. Well, I think we've -- had to have been talking about it for a long time because it wasn't until we kind of got to creating this joint venture that we could have that scale, that nationwide scale that can be monetized then to potential counterparties that can utilize that spectrum on a nationwide basis.

We've got a great CEO, Conrad Clemson, who is -- who runs EdgeBeam Wireless. And so we're all now speaking with one voice to the entire potential user base for this spectrum. And there's -- people talk about what are the use cases. The use cases are endless. The use cases are exactly the same thing that you're using wireless data for. It's -- but we think that there's a variety of different things that are kind of near term. One thing that we're spending time on is digital signage. That's an area where we can get low-cost access to the infrastructure.

Perry has talked about having a backup GPS system. If you think about how does our spectrum work? Well, we are actually meant to be for television sets. And so we go through walls. We can have very good receptivity. We don't have to -- we're a terrestrial-based service. So you don't have cloud cover issues when you're looking at trying to figure out where the spectrum is. And so it ends up being incredibly much more accurate signal in terms of trying to figure out from a GPS perspective. And so we're looking at that, and we're looking at any number of other alternatives there.

Okay. Maybe one on the cost and operations side. So you started deploying AI across newsroom, sales teams. Where are you seeing the most tangible productivity gains so far? And where do you think AI moves the needle in your business?

Yes. So -- people say AI, but I also think of it as automation in some regards. I think in a lot of cases, we are the anti-AI company in the sense that we actually have reporters that go out and talk to your mayor or go and look at the oil spill and tell you whether it's still there or has been cleaned up. And so I think from a societal perspective, it's important for our company to continue to thrive and to provide those type of local news services. But that doesn't mean we can't benefit from automation and from generative AI to help our processes improve. And so that can be anywhere from helping our sales force to helping automate if we wrote a script, does it -- can it go on to a news article? Are there automation that we can do with just our newsroom floors and help improve the ability to be a little bit more efficient in terms of how we bring the news to the consumer. But I would say that from a productivity perspective, it's been on the margin so far, and we're still experimenting and trying to develop the best possible generative AI solutions to help processes.

Got it. I think we got time for one more. Maybe just to wrap up, Lee Ann is there anything you'd want to highlight that you think is underappreciated about the Nexstar story?

Well, I think that what tends to be underappreciated is our -- what we believe is to be the longevity of our business model. If you look at our stock price and you do a discounted cash flow analysis and you just look at what that perpetuity growth rate implies if you look at our stock price, it actually implies a negative perpetuity growth rate in the high single digits. And we don't believe that, that is the case. We think that we have a really good business model that will sustain into the future. And if you were to just move that perpetuity growth rate up to low percentage decline or to 0, there's a lot of opportunity with respect to the stock price longer term.

And we think that broadcast television is here to stay, right? It's the -- we think it's a virtuous cycle in terms of being able to provide local news and live events to the entire country. And the fact that we have an over-the-air solution that is free to the consumer, really, we think, is beneficial not only for our business model, but for society, and we think it will continue to perpetuate and help us generate cash flows and revenue streams for the long term.

Okay. Great. Lee Ann, thanks so much for being here.

Yes. Thank you.

Good day, and welcome to Nexstar Media Group's First Quarter 2026 Conference Call. Today's call is being recorded. I will now turn the conference over to Joe Jaffoni, Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Good morning, everyone, and thank you, Stacy. I'll read the safe harbor language, and then we'll get right into the call. All statements and comments made by management during this conference call other than statements of historical fact may be deemed forward-looking statements for purposes of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

Nexstar cautions that these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected by the forward-looking statements made during today's call. For additional details on these risks and uncertainties, please see Nexstar's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and Nexstar's subsequent public filings with the SEC. Nexstar undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

It's now my pleasure to turn the conference over to your host, Nexstar Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Perry Sook. Perry, please go ahead.

Thank you, Joseph, and good morning, everyone. We appreciate you all joining us today. Mike Biard, our Chief Operating Officer; and Lee Ann Gliha, our Chief Financial Officer, are with me on the call here as always. Nexstar hit the ground running in the first quarter of 2026, advancing our strategic priorities across multiple fronts. We closed our landscape -- our landmark acquisition of TEGNA following FCC and DOJ approval, and we continue to build and grow the CW and NewsNation as national networks, and we delivered strong quarterly net revenue, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted free cash flow.

This year marks the 30th anniversary of Nexstar's founding, starting with a single television station in Scranton, Pennsylvania. From the very beginning, Nexstar's growth and success has always been grounded in our steadfast commitment to high-quality local broadcast journalism, which we believe is essential to the communities we serve and to American democracy. While our core mission has not wavered, the competitive landscape has changed dramatically in those 30 years. Big Tech, legacy, big media and distribution companies have grown exponentially.

And despite consolidation within our industry, Nexstar still operates with a fraction of their ubiquitous reach and financial resources, prohibiting us and every other company in our industry from competing on a level playing field. Against this backdrop, our acquisition of TEGNA represents an important step in solidifying our future and our ability to continue providing these valuable services to local communities across the United States.

I'll now spend a few minutes bringing you up to speed on where we are today with the acquisition of TEGNA. I'll start by saying the situation that we are dealing with is unusual, and I would caution against attempting to draw legal conclusions at this stage. We will be as transparent as possible under the circumstances and share what we can at this time. As you know, the transaction closed on March 19 after receiving all required regulatory approvals. As part of that process, we engaged extensively with the FCC and DOJ and provided more than 7 million pages of documentation in response to their inquiries.

We also made meaningful concessions to secure our approvals, including agreeing to increase local news programming in 9 markets, divest stations in 6 markets within 2 years and extend expiring retransmission agreements through November 30 of this year. Under ordinary circumstances, that process with the concessions and the regulatory approvals would allow us to move forward post closing with our integration plans. However, DIRECTV, along with a number of state AGs filed suit seeking to block the transaction.

DIRECTV is a sophisticated company owned by a private equity firm, TPG, with its own commercial interests just as we have ours. That said, the issue before the courts is not the relative commercial negotiating positions of the parties, it is whether this transaction serves the broader public interest, including American consumers and in the preservation of local journalism. As such, we believe we will prevail on the merits of this case. We are confident in our arguments expressed in detail in the FCC's order approving the transaction that a stronger, more financially resilient local broadcast industry is in the public's best interest. We believe this is a fight worth having for us, for our industry and for the future of local journalism.

Nexstar is a company built on localism, and our track record demonstrates that scale and operational strength are critical to sustaining high-quality local news programming. As the company has grown, we've consistently made meaningful investments in our station infrastructure and in expanding local news programming, which is the most viewed and the most valued programming that we offer. This transaction represents an opportunity to further our long-standing commitment to serving the communities of all sizes with high-quality free over-the-air programming, fact-based journalism and innovative digital and marketing solutions for both our viewers and our advertising partners. We're focused on presenting the strongest possible legal arguments to the court.

And to that end, we've engaged Beth Wilkinson of Wilkinson Stekloff to lead our trial and appellate efforts supplementing our formidable antitrust counsel at Morrison Foerster. Beth is one of the nation's most highly regarded trial lawyers having recently led the defense team that secured a victory for the NFL and its 32 member teams in a major antitrust class action suit challenging the Sunday Ticket distribution and related media agreements. With our expanded legal team in place, we move forward now with complete confidence in the merits of our case and our ability to bring this process to a successful conclusion.

As far as next steps are concerned, there are multiple legal proceedings underway. First, we filed our notice of appeal of the preliminary injunction before the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. Second, the trial in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of California. And finally, there is also a separate challenge to the FCC's approval of the transaction pending before the D.C. Circuit Court. The court has already denied a request for an emergency stay, finding that it lacked jurisdiction at this stage.

Both we and the FCC have been directed to file our responses to the petition by May 11. While we don't have control of the various courts time lines, in the meantime, in compliance with the court order, Nexstar and TEGNA are operating separately, and we are proud of both teams continuing focus on execution and their local community commitments.

Now let's turn to the first quarter highlights, which include 13 days of the results of TEGNA. In the quarter, we delivered record net revenue of $1.4 billion and strong adjusted EBITDA and adjusted free cash flow of $470 million and $420 million, respectively. At our legacy Nexstar business units, we made strong progress towards our goal of achieving additional operating expense savings, driven by further cost reductions at the CW and broader core operating efficiencies. The CW network improved year-over-year profitability in the first quarter and is well on its way to achieving profitability by the fourth quarter of this year.

Launched just 5.5 years ago and featuring Nexstar's enterprise-wide commitment to unbiased and fact-based journalism, NewsNation was the #1 fastest-growing network in prime time across all major broadcast and cable networks in the month of March of 2026, growing 85% in total viewers and 100% among adults 25-54 compared to the prior year. The network now ranked 35th in total household viewing for all of primetime ad-supported cable networks in the first quarter.

As you'll hear more from Lee Ann later, we continue to execute on our capital allocation plan. During the quarter, we returned $56 million to shareholders in the form of dividends and have maintained our $1.86 per share quarterly dividend, which represents a 3.7% yield, placing Nexstar in the top tier of all dividend payers in the S&P 400. We also remain focused on deleveraging and repaid $182 million in debt through April 30.

In closing, the free universal access offered by local broadcast television is not just convenience, it's an essential public service and central to Nexstar's mission. If local broadcasters are to continue providing these essential services for future generations, we must be allowed to operate our business in a manner that accurately reflects today's market realities.

Now let me turn the call over to Lee Ann to provide a little more color on the transaction and the interim TEGNA operations and our reporting until the court cases are heard. Lee Ann?

Thank you, Perry, and good morning, everyone. I wanted to jump on the call today a little out of order to provide you some color on what you'll hear from us on the financials and operations given the current situation. Operationally, we're in a bit of an unprecedented place right now with the court order until we can be heard by the appellate court go to trial or settle the case. To be clear, we own TEGNA. It is a subsidiary of Nexstar Media, Inc., our primary operating subsidiary, and we can use excess cash flow for the combined debt repayment as was our plan.

As Perry noted, we repaid $182 million of debt through April 30. We can also execute on whatever actions we need to, to accomplish our financial reporting and internal control oversight. But as described in the court order, we must hold separate the assets of the TEGNA subsidiary. What this effectively means is TEGNA is operating as it did prior to the transaction, including operating under its own retransmission agreement. All of this, however, remains in flux pending the natural progression of the litigation.

In addition, the operations of TEGNA will be under the purview of the team at TEGNA rather than under Nexstar's day-to-day management. So given the number of variables, I'm sure you'll appreciate that for now, forward-looking guidance will be limited. We understand the market does not like uncertainty, so we're going to do our best to keep you up to speed as much as we can given the constraints placed upon us. The good news is TEGNA is a public company, so there's plenty of comparable financial data for you to review along with the longer-term projections they provided in their proxy.

Now I'm going to turn the call over to Mike to provide some color on our results, primarily on the revenue side of the P&L, and then I'll return for some more discussion on expenses and capital allocation. Mike?

Thank you, Lee Ann, and good morning, everyone. As noted in this morning's press release and Perry's remarks, Nexstar's consolidated financial results for the 3-month period ending March 31, 2026, include 13 days of TEGNA operations, while the comparable 2025 period reflects only Nexstar's legacy business units. The company delivered first quarter net revenue of $1.4 billion, an increase of $162 million or 13.1% compared to the prior year, primarily due to $106 million of revenue from TEGNA and higher advertising and distribution revenue from our legacy business units.

First quarter distribution revenue of $837 million increased $75 million or 9.8% compared to the prior year quarter and primarily reflects $54 million of revenue from TEGNA and 2.8% higher revenue from our legacy business due to increased rates, growth in vMVPD subscribers, the addition of CW affiliations on certain of our stations and our local FOX affiliates participation in the launch of FOX One, offset in part by MVPD subscriber attrition. On a combined basis, assuming we own TEGNA for the entire quarter, distribution revenue increased 1.6% year-over-year.

Given what we are seeing in the numbers reported to us in the publicly reported subscriber counts from distributors, we are feeling more optimistic than our original plan for subscriber attrition for the year. However, as you know, we committed to the FCC in connection with the transaction to offer to extend current retransmission agreements until November 30 for MVPDs renewing with us before that date. Putting it all together, we do not expect a material change from the original distribution guidance we provided for legacy Nexstar.

Advertising revenue of $548 million increased $88 million or 19.1% over the comparable prior year, primarily reflecting $51 million incremental TEGNA advertising revenue and higher political advertising revenue. Excluding TEGNA revenues, legacy Nexstar nonpolitical advertising revenue was flattish and in line with our expectations, growing 0.4% as growth in digital advertising offset declines in nonpolitical television advertising. Top advertising categories in the quarter for legacy Nexstar were department and retail stores, attorneys and gaming and sports betting, while drugstores and medication, packaged goods and radio TV newspaper cable advertisers had the largest declines. However, there were no major category outlier in terms of positive or negative performance.

On a combined basis, nonpolitical advertising was up 1.2% as TEGNA's large portfolio of NBC affiliations benefited from NBC's broadcast of the Super Bowl and the Olympics in the first quarter. In addition, on a combined basis, overall digital advertising revenue increased a mid-single-digit percentage, driven by strong local digital revenues, offset in part by continued declines at TEGNA's Premion segment due primarily to the loss of a major customer in 2025. For the second quarter, including TEGNA on an as-combined basis, nonpolitical advertising is expected to decline mid-single digits due to a weaker advertising environment.

Legacy Nexstar and TEGNA both delivered strong first quarter political advertising revenue, driven by strong primary and early gubernatorial spending. As reported, political advertising was $46 million, but on a combined basis, political advertising in Q1 was $78 million, up 89% versus 2022 and 19% versus 2024, driven by strong spending in key states of Texas, Illinois, California, Michigan, Georgia and Maine. According to AdImpact, industry-wide broadcast political advertising spending was up 79% in the first quarter versus the comparable election cycle in 2022 and up 13% versus 2024, demonstrating the continued importance of broadcast television for candidates and campaigns seeking to reach and engage voters. We anticipate a favorable 2026 political season consistent with our combined historical track records and are prepared at legacy Nexstar to manage any changes regarding access to lowest unit rate by PACs and parties without materially impacting our performance.

Turning to the CW. We continue executing our strategic plan and remain on track to achieve profitability in the fourth quarter with the expectation that we'll improve full year losses by more than 30% in the year. While we are facing some near-term advertising headwinds related to Nielsen's transition to Big Data measurement, improved distribution from our 2025 affiliation renewal cycle will more than offset those impacts. We are also further strengthening the CW's burgeoning sports programming with a multiyear broadcast partnership with the Mountain West Conference beginning this fall and continuing through the 2030, '31 seasons. Under that agreement, the CW will televise 13 football games annually, along with 20 men's and 15 women's basketball games each season.

In addition, we added 6 Banana Ball games to our schedule for May and June, broadening the network's overall appeal and audience reach. With 148 additional hours of programming airing in 2026, nearly half of the CW schedule will be sports or sports adjacent. Importantly, we are continuing to drive strong results from our sports investments. The NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts series on the CW has delivered more than 1 million total viewers for each of its first 12 races in the 2026 season.

In addition, ACC Men's and Women's Basketball concluded the 2025, '26 season with record viewership with total audiences increasing 6% for the men's games and 26% for the women's. On the digital front, the marketplace is increasingly endorsing the value of CW programming, and we are strengthening our brand equity by expanding distribution and unlocking new advertising opportunities through groundbreaking partnerships with leading digital platforms. We recently announced a deal with ESPN that will make the ESPN app and website the exclusive streaming home for all CW sports.

Beginning this summer, fans with an ESPN unlimited subscription will be able to stream CW sports live across devices and platforms, complementing our free over-the-air broadcast and MVPD and vMVPD distribution while significantly extending our reach to new audiences and advertisers through ESPN Sports best-in-class platform. We also announced a partnership with Roku, the largest AVOD platform in the United States, which will bring CW entertainment programming to the Roku Channel for next day streaming beginning with the broadcast season this coming fall. This partnership will provide access to more than half of U.S. broadband households through a dedicated CW-branded vertical hub, further enhancing our digital footprint and monetization capabilities.

To close, we are focused on expanding reach and unlocking new monetization opportunities across our portfolio by leveraging our growing sports programming, multi-platform distribution and digital partnerships to drive incremental value. At CW, this includes scaling live sports and extending distribution through partnerships like ESPN and Roku. At NewsNation, we continue to build a differentiated fact-based national news offering that can be monetized across linear, digital and on-demand platforms. Consistent with Nexstar's view that programming must reach audiences wherever they are, we are prioritizing broader distribution, improved ad monetization across platforms and exploiting new revenue streams that position us to compete more effectively in a rapidly evolving media landscape.

And with that, it's my pleasure to turn the call back to Lee Ann for the remainder of the financial review.

Hello again. Combined first quarter direct operating and SG&A expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization and corporate expenses increased by $76 million, driven primarily by $73 million of recurring incremental expense from the acquisition of TEGNA and $4 million of onetime expenses related to cost reduction initiatives taken at legacy Nexstar. Excluding onetime expenses, first quarter recurring cash operating expenses were lower by $1 million for Nexstar's legacy business unit.

Q1 2026 corporate expense was $106 million, including noncash compensation expense of $20 million compared to $52 million, including noncash compensation expense of $18 million in the first quarter of 2025. The increase of $54 million is primarily due to $38 million of onetime costs associated with our TEGNA acquisition. Q1 2026 amortization of broadcast rights included in our definition of adjusted EBITDA was $72 million, a reduction of $16 million from $88 million in the first quarter of 2025, primarily due to timing of programming at the CW.

Q1 2026 income from equity method investments, which primarily reflects our 31% ownership in TV Food Network, declined by $4 million in the quarter or 50%, primarily related to TV Food Network's lower revenue. Putting it all together, on a consolidated basis, first quarter adjusted EBITDA was $470 million, representing a 33.7% margin and an increase of $89 million from the 2025 first quarter of $381 million. TEGNA operations accounted for $31 million of this difference with the remainder due primarily to the political cycle. Excluding TEGNA, legacy Nexstar generated $439 million of adjusted EBITDA.

Moving to the components of free cash flow and adjusted free cash flow. First quarter CapEx was $22 million, a decrease of $13 million from $35 million in the first quarter of last year, primarily due to delayed spending given the pendency of and plans related to the TEGNA acquisition. First quarter net interest expense was $120 million, an increase of $23 million from the first quarter of 2025 due primarily to $22 million of onetime commitment and funding fees associated with the temporary bridge loans in connection with the acquisition of TEGNA and the refinancing of certain TEGNA indebtedness.

On a recurring cash basis, this compares to $94 million in the first quarter of 2026 versus $95 million in Q1 2025. First quarter operating cash taxes were $1 million as the first quarter cash taxes are related to state taxes. Payments for capitalized software obligations, net of proceeds from disposal of assets and insurance recoveries were $3 million, both in the first quarter of this year and last. In Q1, cash programming amortization costs were greater than cash payments by $10 million as certain programming payments were deferred.

As we received -- we also received an $84 million distribution from Food Network related to the 2025 operating cash flows greater than the $21 million of income from unconsolidated investments reported on our income statement. Putting this all together, consolidated first quarter 2026 adjusted free cash flow was $420 million as compared to $348 million last year. Excluding the impact of TEGNA, legacy Nexstar generated $400 million of adjusted free cash flow.

We are currently projecting CapEx in the $45 million range in Q2. Second quarter cash taxes are estimated in the $152 million range. And from an interest perspective, our run rate quarterly interest expense based on our current balances outstanding as of April 30 is about $187.5 million. That amount will fluctuate with SOFR rates and reduce as we repay debt. In Q2 '26, payments for programming are expected to be in excess of amortization by about $5 million.

Turning now to capital allocation and our balance sheet. Together with the cash from operations generated in the quarter and cash on hand, we returned $56 million to shareholders in the form of dividends. We made no repurchases, and we used excess cash to fund the acquisition of TEGNA and repaid $28 million of mandatory amortization payments on our debt. Nexstar's outstanding debt at March 31, 2026, was $12.1 billion, an increase from $6.3 billion at year-end, reflecting the impact of the TEGNA acquisition. Our cash balance at quarter end was $379 million, including $12 million of cash related to the CW.

Because we designated the CW as an unrestricted subsidiary, the losses associated with the CW are not accounted for in our calculation of leverage for purposes of our credit agreement. In addition, our credit agreement allows us to include the adjusted EBITDA of TEGNA as if we acquired the business on the first day of the period presented to add back onetime expenses related to the deal and any operational restructuring and to include the impact of any synergies we expect to realize within 18 months of the close of the transaction, which we continue to expect we will be able to do just on a delayed time frame.

As such, our net first lien covenant ratio at March 31, 2026, for the last 8 quarters annualized was 2.94x, which is well below our first lien and only covenant of 4.75x. Our covenant increased from 4.25 to 4.75x for this quarter and for the next 3 consecutive fiscal quarters after the acquisition as permitted under our credit agreement. Our total net leverage for Nexstar was 3.84x at quarter end using the same calculation methodology.

Subsequent to quarter end, we repaid in full our $150 million short-term, Term Loan A and made $4 million of mandatory amortization payments. We also closed on the refinancing of our 2027 senior notes with new $1.725 billion of 7.25% senior notes due 2034. Our Q2 '26 cash flow will be deployed first to fulfill our mandatory obligations, including debt repayments, pension and defined benefit plan contributions, our dividend and then optionally repay any additional debt with excess cash flow.

With that, I'll open up the call for questions. Operator, can you go to the first question?

[Operator Instructions] Your first question comes from Dan Kurnos with StoneX.

First, Perry, I appreciate your willingness to be as open and straightforward with us on the process. I guess first part of the question is, you gave us all of the current existing pieces. Are there any other rulings, actions or events that you foresee in the ecosystem, either from the FCC or others that could influence the trial outside of a settlement or your appeal process? And as Lee Ann mentioned, I think you guys pulled back a little on CapEx. Is there any difference in day-to-day operations or focus on incremental cash preservation while this process unfolds? And then just a quick one for Lee Ann. I totally appreciate that you can't give guidance under the circumstance. I guess you're kind of directing us to look at what you have said publicly around '26 and what TEGNA had put out previously as sort of the yardstick, if that's right, that would just be helpful to get some clarity there.

Dan, I'll take the first part and then turn it over to Lee Ann. I think we gave you the complete laundry list of all threatened and pending litigation that we're aware of at this time. We're not aware of anything else that is in the offing. So I think you know everything we know in terms of what's in front of us at this time.

And I'll turn it to Lee Ann on capital preservation and the other aspects of your question.

Yes. I think, Dan, I think on the CapEx side, we just had a little bit of delay in the CapEx because we had anticipated some different strategies when we combined with TEGNA, but that will all catch up over the course of the year. So I think you can think of Nexstar as continuing to execute on our plan, doing as an excellent operational job as we normally do on a go-forward basis. We're completely dialed in and focused on executing on the Nexstar plan. And I think TEGNA similarly is focused on executing their plan. And we're not going to be providing any sort of longer-term guidance with respect to either company at this point.

Next question, Patrick Sholl with Barrington Research.

Just another follow-up on the M&A or I guess, the litigation. Holding the 2 companies separately, has that provided like any sort of like update on how -- like informing how you would want to approach operating them together and if the litigation is resolved successfully?

Well, the Hold Separate Order also requires that TEGNA operate within the interim operating covenants that were in place prior to the closing of the transaction. So we do have those guardrails. And I think we have the ability to have conversations with TEGNA. Obviously, they are required and have done an excellent job of doing so even in the stub period of providing financial information so that we can present consolidated financials for all of the entities that we own. But other than that, I don't think there's any additional read-through in terms of how we'll operate things post Hold Separate Order. I think that plan is pretty well baked and in place.

Yes. I will just echo that. I think if and when we get this resolved, we will be executing on our plan as we had originally intended. So subject to whatever comes out of the process in the interim.

Okay. And then just in terms of just the general environment, like is there any sort of impact from the resolution of the tariff issue in terms of advertiser enthusiasm? Or has other events kind of offset some of any potential benefit on that side?

Not in particular, no. I think what we are seeing is a little bit of a weaker advertising environment in the second quarter than we did see in the first quarter. So I wouldn't say there was anything in particular with respect to the tariffs. I would also just remind you that we've got about 60% of our advertising is coming from services-based companies, which were not impacted by the tariffs.

Next question, Aaron Watts with Deutsche Bank.

Two questions. Just a follow-up on advertising. Dan, where are you seeing the softness amongst your large verticals as you look at 2Q, 3Q? And what's the messaging from your ad partners and how they're thinking about the ad environment right now?

Yes. So Aaron, there's really not any kind of one category or any major categories to flag. Mike in his comments gave you kind of our top and bottom categories, but there's not any sort of major differential. What I tend to look at is I look at our categories and I look at which ones are increasing versus decreasing on a quarter-to-quarter basis. And last quarter, it was about 50-50. In this quarter, it's about 2/3 decreasing and 1/3 increasing. So I think it's just kind of a general overall weakness. I don't think we have any particular aha moment in terms of any specific category. It's just across the board sort of general trend.

Aaron, I would just add to that saying that we have one large home improvement advertiser that has gone silent for a period of time that's affecting our numbers. We have some pharma advertising that has not returned as of yet. And then if the Mets were playing better, our numbers will be better on PIX and our ad sales will be better there. There's a lot of little things, but as Lee Ann said, I don't think there's any one big thing. I will say, as I was driving to the office this morning, and I drove past the gas stations that I pass every day and for the first time, saw a 4 handle to the left of the decimal point in terms of the price per gallon. And I think that is having some effect -- my understanding that people getting tax refunds that are at the lower end of the socioeconomic ladder, that money hasn't flown back into the economy at this point. I think people are holding on to that money longer and perhaps to see how things turn out in terms of oil prices and things of that. So I think there's just a conservatism at this moment in time, but I don't think there's anything overarching beyond that.

Okay. That's helpful context. And if I could get one more in. One question around capital allocation and leverage. At the close of TEGNA, you agreed to sell certain stations in tandem with getting that deal approved, you set synergy targets. You outlined near-term capital allocation policies and laid out pro forma leverage goals. Based on the deal construct, to the extent assumptions that went into all of that were to change, whether it's required station divestitures, synergies, et cetera, how might capital allocation move with it? Appreciating the debt paydown you highlighted today, how important is it to you to maintain the conservative leverage profile you have historically, even if it means delaying other potential outlets for your cash?

Aaron, we can't really necessarily comment on what might be, what could be. But I think our track record is that we really look to deleverage the business, use our excess cash flow to deleverage to get to -- we don't want to be overlevered. We know the public market appreciates lower leveraged companies. And so our focus is going to be to continue on that plan and with our historical track record of deleveraging post transactions. Clearly, we're still paying down debt in this environment. We've paid down $150 million optionally after the end of the quarter. And that's -- I think you're going to continue to see that, especially as we flow through 2026 as a political year and have a lot of additional cash flow to achieve that.

Next question, Steven Cahall with Wells Fargo & Company.

So you outlined some of the ways that you won't be able to integrate TEGNA. Can you talk about some of the things that you can do that are arm's length? I don't know if there's collaborations like through Premion or digital content or news reporting? Or do the terms right now really require it to be almost a beyond arm's length subsidiary? And then, Lee Ann, I just wanted a clarification. You said you have access to TEGNA's excess free cash flow, which you can use for debt repayment. Is that essentially their free cash flow? Or are there any more limitations that get to excess free cash flow as we just think about how much of their cash generation would be available for you to sweep up for debt reduction?

Yes. I'm going to take that last question first, and then I'll turn it back to Perry on the first question. No, I just say excess free cash flow because we need to keep -- there needs to be enough cash at the operating companies to operate. We obviously have to continue to have an operation. So I just meant subject to a minimum cash balance requirements that we just have from an operating perspective. All of the debt obligations of the company are joint and several between us and TEGNA. So all the debt -- excess cash flow that we see fit will be used to repay that debt.

And I'll turn it back to Perry.

Yes. And Steve, I would say there are certain commercial agreements that Mike Biard and I have been talking about that we could enter into on an arm's length basis with TEGNA under the order, which could include and involve Premion. For example, in Houston, we contracted our CW station contracted with a station in the market to produce a 10:00 news, and we sent termination notice of that during the pendency of the TEGNA acquisition. So we could talk to the TEGNA station in Houston and/or our incumbent news producer in terms of establishing another commercial agreement to produce news for that station. So it's -- there are some things like that, that we can do. And I think we'll pursue those where they make sense during this whole separate period.

Next question, Craig Huber with Huber Research Partners.

My first question about the 39% ownership cap, I personally was very surprised that the FCC did not change the 39% ownership cap first. And then by way of that, your TEGNA acquisition could have gone through as opposed to what they did do was just give you guys a waiver and stuff. And there's certainly, as you know, have been some talk in the trade press, et cetera, about the FCC at the commission level potentially, I don't know, reversing out their approval of the deal and stuff. Can you touch on that at all, the first part about where you think we're at with the 39% ownership cap? Do you think it's ever going to get done? What kind of time line are we on here? And why do you think they didn't just change that first? And who cares for this extra couple of months to get that done first, then do the TEGNA acquisition approval for you guys after that?

Sure. Well, the TEGNA acquisition was approved. We do own the assets. So I want to start there, and we feel it went through a fulsome approval process at both the FCC and the DOJ, the 2 expert agencies that regulate this industry as opposed to the state AGs that have shown no real concern or support for local media, local journalism, local television until this election year. But I think that -- and I don't presupposed to be in the mind of Chairman Carr. But if you go back and look at public statements that he's made, since he was a commissioner, whether his party was in power or out of power, he has said these rules are antiquated relative to the past, and they need to go.

So he is consistent in that position, I believe, to this day. And I don't rule out that he will start a proceeding perhaps in this quarter or the next quarter that would be a rulemaking to eliminate the national ownership cap. Imagine if you were Netflix or Google or Amazon and you were told you could only reach 39% of the country with your business. I think there'd be some hue and cry around that. And so why should those rules apply only to broadcast? We are the only part of the media ecosystem that has a government mandated cap on our ability to grow. And I think that Chairman Carr is totally aware of market realities why he's taking the actions that he has taken.

And so I think we are still on a path to regulatory deregulation, and we are very thankful that we were able to make a persuasive case to qualify for a waiver during the pendency of those proceedings. It's not just as simple as putting out a press release and saying the rules have changed. There's a lot of legal work that has to go into that, a lot of wordsmithing, a lot of consultation with advisers. So I don't -- I would not suppose or presume that those actions are off track. It's just there's obviously a lot going on, a lot of M&A in addition to ours, that is under consideration at the FCC and the DOJ. And so I just think it's -- I think these things are moving through the pipeline, but I would not presume that they have stopped or will not move through the pipeline ultimately.

I appreciate all that, and I certainly agree with that. But again, just -- it just seems like to me personally and things were done backwards here that they should have changed the 39% ownership cap first and then going through all the process to approve your deal as well, but to get that finalized after the 39% ownership cap was done. They didn't do that. And does that put you in a little bit tougher position here with these court cases out there that this thing closed on a waiver as opposed to the regulation changing first and then them doing all the due diligence and then approving it. What's your thought on that, please?

Craig, it's Mike Biard. I'll take that. I don't think if you look at the claims that have been made in the litigation that the order with respect to the cap would change anything. The claims being made by the plaintiffs essentially are outside the FCC purview. They come from an antitrust perspective, which is really a different analysis entirely than the FCC. I think the FCC could have yielded a waiver, a complete elimination of the rules in gold and served it up on a platter and the plaintiffs still would have found reason to complain in this case.

Next question, Benjamin Soff with Deutsche Bank.

I had 2. First, I wanted to ask about the partnerships with ESPN and Roku. Does this represent a shift in Nexstar's digital strategy? And how are you thinking about balancing growing your digital business versus the opportunity to partner with other platforms? And then on divestitures, I appreciate there's a lot of uncertainty right now, but can you help us think about how a potential divestiture would impact the synergy buckets you've outlined, whether it's retrans, corporate overhead or operational efficiencies?

I'll take the first question. I don't think it represents a shift in our thinking. I think -- and I'm speaking with respect to the deals that we struck with ESPN and Roku. We look at those as less of a shift and more of an evolution, right? I think when you look at the challenges of trying to build digital platforms in the current environment, they are enormous. And one only needs to look at the balance sheets of major media companies that have launched those digital platforms and look at essentially the long history of losses associated with that. Those businesses are hard to build. They're capital intensive. They require a lot of ongoing maintenance.

And so when we looked at expanding our footprint in a digital environment, we essentially had 3 options available to us, right, build, buy or partner. And I think for obvious reasons, we went with the latter of those options, and we were able to strike deals with essentially the largest platforms available to us in each of those spaces. So particularly with respect to CW and the sports on ESPN, I think where we are in the life cycle of building a sports brand, the opportunity to have our sports available and visible inside the ESPN platform and a dedicated CW vertical environment will reap rewards for us, not just in terms of building the brand equity, but also our ability to monetize viewership on those platforms. We're extremely excited about that.

Similarly, with respect to Roku, trying to build a digital business and really maintain one at a CW-only branded environment is extremely challenging in the current environment. You're going up against behemoths that invest literally billions and billions of dollars every year into their platforms. So being able to tuck into the most popular AVOD platform out there, again, with a CW-branded vertical environment, we think will deliver benefits not just in terms of near-term monetization, but long-term brand equity.

And then on the divestiture side, Ben, I mean, it's premature. I think if you were to look at our synergies, there were a number of components to that. I think the -- obviously, retrans and in-market synergy type -- synergies would have to be reduced. Corporate, maybe not so much, but we'd have to take a look at it. It's, I think, a little premature to kind of even think about what that impact could be.

Next question, Jason Bazinet with Citi.

In all my years, I've never really come across a situation where shareholders own an asset and can't manage it. I just had a quick question. Can you elaborate on those guardrails that you talked about earlier? And second, is there any incentives that exist on the part of the TEGNA assets to sort of eat it for their sales force or anything else that sort of minimizes the risk for Nexstar shareholders in this period where we're sort of in limbo or suspended animation?

If you go back to the interim operating covenants, and it's now public in the order as well, they're primarily financial transactions above a certain size would have to be approved by the Board of TEGNA, which is comprised of Nexstar executives, and Nexstar management team, and that's been approved by the courts that -- and so -- and we have the ability to appoint management inside of TEGNA. And so I think all of those things taken together are the governance that will guide us during this whole separate period. And so they operate as a subsidiary. We can have conversations with them, the executives running the entity report to the Board.

We just can't basically influence decision-making. But again, decisions beyond a certain level require Board involvement and Board approval. So we were very comfortable in the way TEGNA was operated during the pendency of the transaction from the time of signing to closing. And so it's basically those same covenants, if you will, govern our relationship with TEGNA during the whole separate period. And as to sales, I'm not quite sure I understood that part of the question.

Well, I just get nervous about somebody at TEGNA, they don't really know if they have a job or if they're going to get eliminated in some synergy number and they get distracted and so they're not as focused on their core day-to-day job and then the sales numbers fall apart on the TEGNA side of the house. But I guess it sounds like from your answer, the limitation is more around integration, and there's really not a lot of operational day-to-day risk that Nexstar shareholders face on the TEGNA side of the house.

I think that's fair. And I think that if you read the judge's Hold Separate Order, we are not and TEGNA is not allowed to reduce headcount during the pendency of this TRO. So at this point, we were comfortable in the results and the performance of TEGNA during the pendency of the transaction when we were operating under the same structure that we're operating under now. And so we have -- and prior to closing is when anxiety is at its highest, right? And I would say that in the overlap markets, would have been on our side of the ledger as well. If there are 2 of me, how -- what assurances do I have?

And I think people are -- look at the environment around them and look at the layoffs at Meta and other companies and going on. And so I think everybody is likely concerned about their job, particularly if they're not doing a good job. And so I don't think that this transaction, this industry or these 2 companies are immune from the world economy. So from that perspective, we track our levels of attrition and did not see any appreciable changes during the pendency of the transaction.

We'll continue to track levels of attrition during this Hold Separate period to determine if there are trends, but we haven't seen it thus far. And I would say that the TEGNA results for the first quarter were very -- were excellent. We only got the benefit of 13 days of them, but we obviously had the financial information for the entire quarter, and they performed very, very well as did Nexstar by the results we reported this morning.

Yes. I would echo that. I would say the first quarter, if there's any expectation or indication that we'd have a problem, you would see it most likely the first quarter number and TEGNA definitely had a stellar first quarter.

I will now turn the floor over to Perry for closing remarks.

Well, thank you, everyone, for joining us this morning. We look forward to reporting our Q2 results in early August, which will be our first full quarter of results reporting the combined consolidated results of the new Nexstar. Thanks, everyone, and have a great rest of your day.

This concludes today's teleconference. You may disconnect your lines at this time, and thank you for your participation.

Good morning, everyone. My name is Benjamin Soff. I'm the equity analyst at Deutsche Bank covering TV broadcasters, and I'm very pleased to be joined today by Nexstar's Chairman and CEO, Perry Sook; and CFO, Lee Ann Gliha. Thanks for being here.

Thank you for having us.

You reported 4Q earnings a couple of weeks ago. Looking back to 2025, what were some of the highlights for Nexstar? And what are your key priorities for 2026?

Maybe I'll kick that off. We had, I think, really good 2025. We had record odd year revenue, which was fantastic for us. We had -- in the fourth quarter, we actually generated a positive 4.5% growth in our nonpolitical advertising revenue, which was an improvement from what we had thought at the time when we did our third quarter earnings, which was a positive signal regarding the advertising market. Again, in 2025, we were able to reduce our overall operating expenses by being very focused on making sure that we were streamlining operations where we could. And so we were able to actually reduce costs benefiting the bottom line.

And then going into 2026, we're very excited about the opportunity that is coming for us with respect to the TEGNA acquisition. But beyond that, in 2020 -- at the end of 2025, we renewed about 60% of our distribution deals representing 60% of our subscribers. And so we will have the benefit of that going into 2026. We're looking forward to the election cycle. Generally, we generate about $0.5 billion of incremental revenue during those -- the last 3 cycles. So that is a positive for us going into the year.

And then this year, in particular, we're -- we continue to be very, very focused on digital advertising revenue growth. And that's been something where we were able to just take our local sales force and not only sell our own digital inventory, but sell third-party digital inventory as part of audience extension strategies. And this year, we expect to have digital revenue that should surpass our national advertising revenue. So that will be better for our long-term trajectory. And I apologize, I've got a little bit of a cold as you can tell.

That's a great summary. And we're going to get into a few of those topics. But I wanted to start with deregulation. We've had a number of developments recently on the regulatory front. The President posted on social media in favor of your deal. Congress had a hearing in February to discuss refreshing the broadcast rules. And it sounds like your conversations with regulators are progressing. Can you provide us with an update on the deregulation process? And do you have a view on where we might see a potential rule change?

I think the administration is committed to deregulation and particularly at the FCC, the Chairman, Chairman Carr is committed to moving forward with eliminating outdated and useless rules. And I think that the national ownership cap and the local ownership rules fall into those -- that category. As you know, any rulemaking today has to go through the OMB, which on the rulemaking to eliminate the national ownership cap, should the Chairman decide to move forward on that soon, which I believe he will, it will go to the OMB, which will be take 30, 60, who knows how many -- maybe 90 days at the outset for them to review the impact on budgets and the economy and all of that.

Then you can move forward with that relatively quickly. Same with the local ownership rules, they've gone through the notice of proposed rulemaking or request for comments. And so comments reply comments. The pleading cycle is over for that as well. And it's now just a question of when those become actionable at the commission level and then could be turned into regulations. And so I think that those things will happen this year. It depends on how long it takes to clear OMB to before then they could be acted upon.

You're currently working through your pending acquisition of TEGNA. What made this deal so strategically important? And how does it position Nexstar to compete more effectively, especially as we see consolidation pick up across broader media?

Well, as you know, there were a number of potential M&A conversations going on about this time last year, and there were a few companies in the marketplace looking to sell or decide what they wanted to do. And as we surveyed those opportunities and what they could mean to Nexstar, it became relatively clear as Lee Ann and I did our analysis that the highest and best use of our capital and our time would be to attempt to acquire TEGNA. It was the biggest of those opportunities out there, probably the best run and also had the best balance sheet.

So it was merging two companies from a position of strength or acquiring two strong companies, putting them together and everything else would have been kind of a mismatch of strength and weakness potentially. It increased our size, both in geography, in national reach and in financial wherewithal more than any other. And at the end of the day, we were able to negotiate a transaction that will be roughly 40% accretive to our shareholders. So it's absolutely work worth doing and why it was the best strategic fit for us. We thought the cultures at the operating business level are roughly similar. There are things that we like that TEGNA is doing that we're not executing to that level in Nexstar and vice versa. So we literally think it's putting the best of breed and best practices together under one roof.

Remind us when you expect to close that deal? And where are you in that process?

Sure. Well, I mean, we're engaged in active discussions with both the DOJ and the FCC. We are permitting them to talk to one another, and that's usually so they can coordinate on process and timing and decisions as we get toward making the -- earning final regulatory approval. No one agency wants to be too far out in front of or behind the other. So we view all of those as good signs. We have said it will close, and I guess I should be clear on this, so there is no confusion. We expect the transaction to close before the end of second quarter.

You have a pretty good track record of creating value for shareholders in your previous broadcast mergers. Remind us what you're expecting for synergies in the TEGNA deal? And is the broadcast M&A playbook evolving now that it's theoretically possible to create in-market duopolies?

Yes. So we put out a target or we had -- in connection with the announcement of the transaction, we said that we had estimated there would be about $300 million of synergies based on the 2025 estimates that we had at the time. And that really is a combination of net retrans synergies and operating expense synergies. And as a percentage of the EBITDA, it's very comparable to what we have been able to achieve in the past in terms of Tribune at the prior transaction, which was about 35% of EBITDA.

The focus on the expense synergies in terms of the end market is that it does -- those in-market synergies are really the lion's share of the operating expense synergies. And that really is beneficial because there's 35 of the 51 markets are overlap markets and are going to enable us to really create better operations in those markets. And that -- we're no stranger to having more than one station in the market. Over 50% of our markets are duopolies today. And so the difference here is just that we have 2 potentially big 4 affiliates in each of these markets that would be incrementally helpful because there's just more operation there to deal with.

Harry, you just said you expect the deal to close by the second half of 2026, by the end of 2Q. That's coming up in just a matter of months. So I want to take this opportunity to ask how you're thinking about capital allocation post close. And in particular, how do you think about balancing the priorities between delevering the balance sheet versus being opportunistic if and when the ownership rules are rolled back?

Well, I think that we have been pretty public about our opening leverage pro forma for the transaction being roughly 4x. We are currently today at the lowest leverage point in our company's 30-year history. So levering up to 4x, I remember when we used to want to lever down to 4x within 24 months after closing the acquisition. So different time, different world. But again, that speaks to the strength of our balance sheet that we can make a $6-plus billion acquisition without any equity and lever up to 4x the trailing LQA EBITDA.

And so as we look forward, there are other -- those 2 processes I spoke about at the beginning of our conversation are still available, right? They're kind of back in the queue. And so there are opportunities there. But I think it's going to be governed a lot by our leverage. If we delever by 0.5 turn, I mean, that creates an incremental $1 billion plus borrowing capacity just on our balance sheet to still remain below 4x before we lever the acquisition target. So there's opportunity out there, but it's got to be an accretive deal. It's got to be an actionable transaction. There's got to be industrial logic and it's got to be, as I said, substantially accretive to our shareholders over buying back stock. So our filters don't change.

It's just, obviously, we see -- because this administration has been so pro deregulation, we wouldn't be attempting the TEGNA transaction in the previous administration. It is President Trump and Chairman Carr and our Attorney General that are supportive of moving forward to develop a strong local antidote to big tech incursion into our businesses and our daily lives here. The bigger we get, the more level the playing field is on a local market basis of trying to compete against them and maintain local journalism, which is really what we're all about.

Pivoting to the core business. We've been seeing the pace of pay TV subscriber declines moderate over the past year or 2. And it seems like that's beginning to have a positive impact on your business. What do you think is driving that improvement in sub trends? And what are the implications for your distribution revenue?

Yes. So we're really happy to start to see some positive momentum in the reduction of the rate of decline in the pay TV universe. We think this is really due to a variety of different things. Number one, we did some work with a consulting firm, Altman Solon a number of years ago, where we really just looked at what percentage of the pay TV subscribers really had no interest in news or sports, which are the 2 main components of broadcast television. And those folks that are not interested in those categories are mostly out of the ecosystem at this point. So the rate of further attrition doesn't really need to continue to increase given that those folks are gone. So that's point number one.

Point number two is we've seen companies like Charter do great things in terms of making their packages more beneficial to the consumers. Charter went around and rebundled all of these direct-to-consumer services into their core package and are providing the consumers with a much better benefit for the cost that they're charging them. And so as a result, you saw Charter actually sequentially from Q3 to Q4 show growth in number of subs. And the rate of that sort of improvement has been great. I went back in time and I graphed over the rate of decline has been a long sort of rate of decline, but now the recovery seems to be happening pretty quickly. And so that's going to be very positive for us.

We've also seen the advent of some skinny bundles out there that are really focused on broadcast and news in which Nexstar is a core component of those offerings. And so all of those things together, we think should have a positive impact on the rate of pay TV attrition going forward, and that will be positive for our stability of our top line distribution revenue.

You just completed a major round of distributor renewals for 60% of your base. And you have another 30% renewing later this year. Talk about your pricing power in these renewals? And in particular, what are the factors that allow you to capture price increases to offset subscriber declines?

Well, first and foremost, these are all market-based negotiations and two parties have to agree on a deal or there is no deal. So we've always been a leader in generating distribution revenue from our portfolio. We began to generate revenue from CW and My Network stations, I think, before they were in the main. And so we're always looking for opportunities to advantage our company and improve our offering to the consumer, whether it's through diginets, fast channels or additional adjunct to the pay TV ecosystem.

So and again, I have been involved in those negotiations either directly or now through a kind of a supervisory role. And I think the CEO's impact has some value there. I'd like to think I have. I mean we've been able to generate sustained growth in distribution revenue and have been able to outrun the rate of attrition even when it was at its worth and show net retrans growth.

And I think we're still in a position to do that. So one of the areas -- one of the happy byproducts of the CW acquisition is we were able to convert a number of stations that were either independents or of some other de novo affiliation to CW affiliates in our portfolio that generated substantial distribution revenue increases by having them stations under our contracts and having them become affiliated with the CW. We don't count any of that against the CW road to profitability, but it's been a substantial double-digit millions increase to our revenue base for those stations.

You recently guided to low single-digit distribution revenue growth and mid-single-digit net retrans growth for the year. That implies net retrans margins are expanding. What are you seeing across the reverse compensation landscape? And what does that mean for net retrans over time?

Well, I think that when we sit down with our Big 4 network brethren, one of the first conversations in the distribution renewal for affiliations is I pay you for the product, the programming, and I also pay you for exclusivity or have historically the fact that this programming is less and less exclusive in my geographies, it's worth less to me. So once the bid and the ask are established, we can actually sit and have a negotiation at that point. But I think you're seeing for us, and again, by virtue of those CW affiliations moving into the Nexstar umbrella and Nexstar Tent, you're seeing us continue to grow distribution revenue. I think you'll continue to see downward pressure on that expense line in our P&L and as a product that the margin will continue to incrementally grow better for us.

Switching to advertising. You posted healthy growth in nonpolitical advertising in the fourth quarter, and you guided to flattish growth in 1Q. Can you give us some more color on the trends you're seeing across your advertising business?

Yes. So fourth quarter, just to remind people, was also positively impacted by the lack of crowd out. So in political years, in the third and fourth quarter, mostly the fourth quarter, there's a negative impact on our sort of traditional nonpolitical advertising revenue because we're just allocating so much to -- of our inventory to political. But what we saw kind of in the back half of the quarter really was more later buys than what we had typically seen, and we've seen some large advertisers kind of come back in the market that we weren't expecting.

And we really saw kind of across the board, positive momentum across all of our different advertising categories. In the first quarter, we anticipate flattish in terms of the overall growth or lack thereof in the first quarter, which we still think is a positive signal. We haven't really had anything major be outliers with respect to categories. We've got -- auto is doing -- is less of a negative impact, and we've been really working hard to develop our digital solutions for the auto category, which have offset some of the pressure on the TV side of the business. So we're feeling like there's not really kind of any major standout positive or negative with respect to categories, but we're feeling that the market is just fine in the first quarter.

We obviously have a midterm election coming up later this year. That should be a big tailwind as usual. Can you remind us what you're expecting for this election cycle and what share you think Nexstar can capture from within the overall pool?

Yes. So our political expectation for the year is that we will do like a low double-digit percentage of whatever is ultimately spent on broadcast television. We can, we have -- because our portfolio is so broad, we generally are in 80% to 90% of the contested election markets. You pretty much can be sure that we'll collect a decent percentage of the political advertising because no matter where there's going to be a contested election, we're usually there. And so in the past few election cycles, as I mentioned earlier, we've generated about $0.5 billion of incremental revenue. And so we'll -- what we end up doing this year will be dependent on what actually gets spent in broadcast.

You mentioned digital a minute ago. That business grew high single digits in 2025. And you said you expect digital advertising to surpass your national business this year. Can you provide some more detail on your digital strategy and the factors driving growth in that business?

Yes. So digital, if you think about it, is really broken down into a couple of different components. We've got our sale of digital inventory that is our O&O inventory. So that will be our websites, our apps, the CW app. It will be the NewsNation app. It will be videos that we are able to monetize on third-party platforms. And then the other component of our digital revenue is selling third-party services. So to the extent that we can utilize our really great sales force to sell additional inventory, we've got an advertiser, we've got a relationship with them. They love the news product, but maybe they want a little more entertainment or they want something else. We can go get that and create it as an audience extension strategy for them.

And that business has been really something we've been leaning into and at the local level has been growing kind of high single, low double-digit rate of growth, which is really kind of benefiting our overall digital breadth. That's a little bit counterbalanced by we've had some reductions at the CW, and that's by design because we've changed the programming there to be more focused on broad-based and sports programming, which is not as attractive in the OTC environment.

TEGNA has its own digital business, Premion. I know it's early, but I wonder how you see that complementing your platform.

Yes. So I think what's interesting there is right now, we use a third-party service to access third-party CTV inventory. They obviously own Premion and they have their own DSP, which we think is -- can be competitively advantageous. And so we think by putting our inventory together with TEGNA's inventory in the local market could really help us be more focused on that segment of the business, reduce the ad tax because we've got our own DSP and really drive growth by providing a bespoke service to our customers.

You recently guided to around $2 billion of EBITDA this year. We talked about some of the revenue drivers, but it sounds like you're working on some initiatives to bring down expenses as well. What are some of the areas of the business you're focusing on? And can you help frame for investors the potential impact from these initiatives?

Yes. So we are -- every year, we kind of just relook at our budget and lease. I think we're a little bit unique in that we do almost like a bottoms space zero-based budget where we kind of go back and we say, okay, can we be doing things better? What are we doing with spending with these vendors? How can we really kind of rationalize our costs and make sure we're doing the things that are the most efficient for the company.

And so the last couple of years, we've taken a couple of different actions to really try to benefit from the scale that we have and really take advantage of looking at where best practices are. So this year, we're doing a few things like we have some very, very large organizations in our large markets that don't probably need to be as large as they are in order to generate the revenue that they've been able to generate. So we've taken some actions there.

We're doing some additional consolidation of our marketing departments. Do you need to have creative people in every single market? Or can they be in the hub and so these are the types of things that we're realigning the sales compensation a little bit to be more focused on what driving and being compensated on what we are trying to achieve. So there's a variety of different actions there. And we do expect our overall expenses. So if you take -- I'm just -- when I say overall expenses, I just mean everything, direct ops, OpEx, SG&A, corporate, amortization of programming costs to be down, not a huge amount, but low single digits year-over-year in 2026.

We're also using AI in early days to reconcile payments and invoices. We think we can use it to streamline the research function and journalism to bring productivity enhancements, if you will, that ultimately could lead to either a rotation of jobs into either revenue or content creating as opposed to support functions, but also just overall efficiency of transaction friction and things like that.

So early days, we're also trying to develop a tool that will allow a reporter while he or she is creating a story that would say, have you considered this context, this appears to be -- this adjective appears to be biased in one way or the other and just something that could give the reporters more to think about, not to dictate what they write, but to say, is crime up or down in D.C. Well, it depends on what statistics you look at and how you frame the discussion, again, to drive toward that North Star in the company, which is unbiased and objective reporting. And so those are all things that are productivity enhancements that are part of this overall impetus to continue to do things as efficiently as we can while maintaining and improving even the quality of what we do.

It's been a few years since you acquired the CW and you've since revamped the network's programming strategy. Live sports now account for almost 50% of the slate. At the same time, you've reduced operating losses in that business pretty meaningfully. Can you reflect on the progress you've made with the CW and talk about how that asset fits into the broader Nexstar portfolio?

Sure. Well, our interest in the CW was -- started with the fact that we were the largest distribution outlet for the CW. At that time, 35% of the U.S. was delivered by Nexstar stations. That number is now 50%. So for us, it was anything that can improve, the CW can improve the fortunes of those stations. And I think that's a fundamental difference. We approach the network is how can it do more for our stations as opposed to a network top-down approach. And so in addition to the distribution value that comes from being a part of the CW and Nexstar, we've given 800 hours of sports to stations that have never had -- been able to compete for sports dollars in their marketplace either locally or nationally.

I think we've got most of the embedded overhead costs through the system. There's some money that was spent early on and prior to our arrival on content to drive app views for the CW that proved to be unprofitable. And we're -- as those agreements unwind, we're kind of letting them go. I think at this point now, it is improving distribution, improving distribution revenue. We're not on in this hotel, for example. It is looking for opportunities to expand our sports portfolio and continue to refresh that product. Selling sports better. I mean we know what the gap analysis is between the number of eyeballs we deliver among all of the networks and the number of dollars we receive on a percentage basis.

And our job is to close that gap and then continue to drive the top line. So most all of the high dollar program expense is through the system. We're in the last year of a legacy agreement. And what we're finding is the things that perform very well for the CW for us in terms of building a linear and digital audience are obviously sports on the linear side. And the game shows. We are doing trivial pursuit and Scrabble, and Scrabble is now hosted by Craig Ferguson, who used to host the late show on CBS and his hosting ability as well as his name recognition has helped us to grow that game show now to 0.5 million viewers every time it's on. And it didn't hurt the fact that coming out of an ACC football -- I'm sorry, a NASCAR race, we aired an episode of that as the prime time show started our night that night. So that flywheel is beginning to work to our benefit.

So the game shows, our police shows, obviously, wrestling works very well on Tuesday night. And so just building those green shoots that we can continue to build on. And so the bar is higher now. It used to be 3 -- 300,000 was a good night for the CW in terms of total viewers. Now anything less than 0.5 million is kind of a disappointment for us internally. And so we need to continue to raise that bar because there are nights that we beat the big 4 networks or one of the big 4 networks in an hour and I think all of last year, that happened a few times. It's happened in 2025, like maybe 5 dozen times. And so our job is to make sure that's a much more regular occurrence. And that's just trying to grow our audience in a mature environment. And with both NewsNation and the CW, we've been able to architect a story of growth in a very mature operating environment. So we're kind of a positive outlier to that effect.

Speaking of NewsNation, in recent years, you've achieved wider distribution and healthy growth. Can you talk through some of the recent wins for this business and your vision for NewsNation going forward?

Sure. We just recently, in February, expanded our live programming to 18 hours a day, Monday through Friday. So we're only in repeats overnight like every other cable network is, and we cume those talk show numbers, and that's what we sell into the advertising marketplace. Same story there. If you look at February over February, we're up 40% in total viewership and in the 25 to 54 demographic. And we keep track of the number of times that we beat one of the legacy cable news networks. And again, I think in 2024, that happened maybe 30 or 40 times. In 2025, that happened over 240 times. And so it's, again, green shoots showing our opportunity to continue to break through.

I think it's our objective reporting, our unbiased reporting, the fact that we're live in news on the weekends when some of our more mature legacy competitors are in taped programming. So when things have happened on the weekends, we've been there live, and we're seeing that people are turning to us now for breaking news. And our audience grew during the State of the Union. They didn't abandon us for a legacy cable news network. So again, our job there is to continue to grow that audience. If I can do -- put stack 40% on 40% for a few years, and now we're rivaling some of the networks that have a 25- to 50-year head start on us with building an audience with viewers. So we're very pleased. I'd say I've made a career being often pleased but never satisfied. And that's the same for NewsNation. But I will tell you that we are very pleased at the growth that we're seeing recently, and our job is to make sure that streak continues.

It sounds like the NFL negotiating window could be opening up later this year. And given how important that programming is to the broadcast ecosystem, I wanted to ask if you had any thoughts or predictions on how that might shake out.

Well, sure. I think that the NFL is going to get their collective bargaining agreement done, so they know whether they have an 18th game to put into a package or whatever. Having said that, I think that each of the legacy networks has a perfectly good binding contract through 2029 -- [indiscernible] season. And so I think there's no catalyst to tear that up unless there's an incentive to tear that up. And I have been negotiating NFL and what that means to Fox affiliates or for Nexstar since the first NFL deal on Fox for the 94 season.

And there's always -- we're paying for this, we want you to help. And affiliates have contributed roughly in totality, 15% of the right speed that the networks paid for the NFL. Collectively, the affiliates have deferred, which kind of tracks what we get about 10% of the inventory in an NFL game. So I don't see any of that changing. And so I think that in an ordinary course negotiation for the NFL, they begin to talk about a new contract 18 to 24 months before the current contract expires, which means for a '29 expiration, they begin to talk about it in 2027. So maybe we're 6 months early to when that would normally start. So I don't know what the outcome will be.

I would predict the outcome would be that the big 4 networks would retain their legacy packages that games could get skimmed out of that, not reducing the total number, but CBS on the 1:00 game on a Sunday could have 7 different games going out to different parts of the country or 5. Maybe now it's 4 because one of those went into an international package that comes on the air at 9:00 or 8:00 on Sunday morning, which is hard for local stations to clear because they're in news or contracted religious programming or something of the other.

But I think the downstream effect is if the costs go up on a step function to the networks that each of them may be looking to rationalize their entire sports portfolio to pay for that, and that could create opportunities for the CW and our local stations. And this happened with NBC during the 2024 Summer Olympics from Paris that they literally had no room for some of their NASCAR telecasts. And so they sublicensed to us on a very attractive basis, 7 races that we were able to use to get NASCAR up and running on the CW. And so whether it's through the linear packages or the digital packages, I think you'll see more opportunities for us to co-venture, perhaps joint venture, perhaps windowing certain assets that creates more original supply for the CW and our local stations, both of which could be a downstream benefit to Nexstar.

And to wrap up, I wanted to ask about ATSC 3.0. It represents one of the more exciting levers for longer-term growth for your business. Can you talk about the progress you've made with ATSC to date and how you think about the path towards commercializing that opportunity?

Well, we are receiving money for commercialization of our spectrum right now. We're part of a 4-company consortia called EdgeBeam Wireless. We have a very good CEO of that business that is based in Boston, and we're receiving money now for commercial uses of our spectrum, high-speed data transmission. And it's not life changing. I wouldn't buy everybody in this room lunch at this point, but it's -- money begin to flow. And there are any number of proofs of concept out there, whether it's lower-cost 5G network replacements or location-based, whether it's precision agriculture or fleet management using our GPS to auto correct a terrestrial GPS system, connected car entertainment and navigation.

And so there are any number of those kinds of applications. And I think as the FCC moves toward first eliminating the simulcast requirement, which we're there on that, I think, eliminating ultimately the 1.0 carriage requirement, which would then cause the set manufacturers to have to design the 3.0. I think right now, Sony is the only set manufacturer that puts 3.0 tuners in every one of their sets. It could help bring the consumer market along. But quite honestly, the monetization opportunity is in B2B and not necessarily B2C. I think we could provide as an industry, a backup GPS system for the United States. And we're the largest industrial and maybe even the only industrialized country in the world that does not have a backup GPS system.

Now most other countries have two satellites in the air, one primary, one backup that could both be taken out by the same dirty bomb. If we were providing a terrestrial-based system, it's, we think, superior, and we've done a lot of work on, GPS is all about timing. And so we have our own atomic clock, and we're in sync with NIST, which is in Colorado with one of our full power stations. That's a translator to our Denver stations that we're using to and we've shown that our performance is, far exceeds the standards for GPS.

So this is a viable alternative, a national benefit, the President and the Department of Transportation, I think even DoD have all weighed in saying a backup GPS system is the national benefit for the country. It's now just campaigning to get our technology and our system approved and that not only would we be paid for it like the current GPS system is paid for, but we would provide a national benefit, a public interest benefit by using our spectrum assets, which I think is obviously in the country's best interest.

That seems like a pretty good place to wrap it. Thanks, guys.

Thank you for having us. Appreciate it.

Appreciate it.

All right. We're going to get started here. Thanks for joining us on day 3 of the Morgan Stanley TMT Conference. My name is Sean Diffley from Morgan Stanley Equity Research. For important disclosures, please see the Morgan Stanley Research Disclosure website, and if you have any questions, please reach out to your Morgan Stanley sales rep.

Perry, Lee Ann, good morning. Thanks so much for joining us again this year.

Thanks for having us.

All right. So we want to get right into it. I think first question I wanted to turn over to Lee Ann, you guys just reported your full year 2025, you had nearly $5 billion of revenue, over $1.5 billion of EBITDA, almost $1 billion of free cash flow. This represents record top line performance compared to prior odd years and continues to highlight the strength of the broadcast medium. Maybe you could talk about what separates your business from cable networks and streaming services in terms of both value and growth potential?

Right. Yes. And by the way, 2024 was also a record year for us in terms of revenue. And we feel like we are -- if you look at the overall -- the overall media landscape broadcast is the area that continues to perform. And why is that? I think it's for a number of reasons. I think number one is that we have the most watched programming on our stations. We've got the broadcast networks. We've got our local news. We've got very, very highly watched programming. And that really is also benefited by our distribution model.

Our distribution model is we are everywhere. If you want to see broadcast television, you can come to Nexstar and see it because we are going to be on every platform that's out there. We're on pay TV, we're over IP. We are also available over the air. And over the air is what really provides broadcast in general with an advantage because we've got an additional, call it, 15% to 20% of the country that can have access to our content.

And we've seen all of that really kind of be reiterated in terms of the benefits with just all of the viewership numbers that you've seen over the last year. I mean, the sports, in particular, NFL had a record year, NBA now with their programming now being on the NBC was up 16%.

We're even seeing it with our own programming at the CW. Overall, the CW Network was the second fastest-growing network in 2025. So all of these things are kind of compounding and really benefiting us with respect to our revenue and our bottom line.

Excellent. We're going to get into a bunch of those things. But I want to talk about the TEGNA merger. So a few weeks ago, President Trump publicly endorsed your deal. Perry, how has that impacted the approval process? And what are the other impediments that you have to work through as you work towards your second quarter close?

Well, I would say, certainly having the endorsement of the nation's Chief Executive doesn't hurt in the regulatory agencies. And so I think that has brought focus to the transaction and focus on the benefits that will come from putting the transaction together.

We are in active discussions with both the FCC and the DOJ. I think at last count, we provided over 2 million documents to the DOJ pursuant to their second request. And so we are highly engaged in those discussions. I have seen the filings we've made and the economic studies we provided, it's very good information that provides rationale that the definitions of markets and the definition of video certainly needs to evolve with the times.

And I think that, that will happen and our transaction will get approved, and we still stand by the -- in the second quarter or by the end of second quarter, our transaction, we expect will have cleared the approval process, and we fully intend to close as soon as we have that approval.

Great. And what divestitures, if any, are you expecting to make to close the deal?

Unclear at this point. What we have said all along is if divestitures are required and that if is still a part of the sentence is that we think they will have de minimis financial impact on the overall deal. But that has yet to be determined in any definitive fashion.

Great. And you've spoken to $300 million of EBITDA synergies, most of which within the first 12 months post close, what are some of the pockets of value that maybe you aren't quantifying as you see as like potential incremental opportunity?

Sure. Well, there's -- we have -- we will overlap operations in 35 markets, which means we start with 2 facilities. We will only need in most cases, one facility. So there will be a downstream potential of additional synergies from facilities consolidation as well as real estate sales.

It won't be anywhere near the number in the Tribune transaction of net proceeds from real estate, but there is something there, and we will quantify that as time goes on, but none of that was in the original synergy calculation, which, as you pointed out, those are synergies that will be realized by and large, in the first 12 months.

Great. And I wanted to ask the time line for lowering leverage following the deal.

That's a CFO question.

Yes. We're going to -- if you just look at our history, what we've done is we've -- after every major transaction, we've levered up a little bit, but then we've used all of our excess cash flow to delever the balance sheet. And so if we do that, which we anticipate to we will, we should see leverage back to kind of where we were before we announced the transaction sometime in 2028.

Great. So obviously, TEGNA at the forefront, but investors are always wondering what's next. So when that -- if that deal or when that deal closes, you'll be approaching close to $3 billion of EBITDA. So what -- where do you go from here? What is the focus? Is it in terms of just O&Os and CW and other broadcast? Or do you focus on other adjacencies? How should we think about kind of the next play beyond TEGNA?

Well, we've chosen to found and build the company, which turns 30 years in June in the local end of the pool. And that's -- we will continue to focus on the local end of the media ecosystem. We think it's much more durable than others that are much more exposed to national while we have certain national assets, but the vast majority of our revenue and EBITDA earnings will come from assets that are in our local markets.

And Lee Ann explained a lot of the reasons why we chose that area. It's durable. It's the least sexy but the most sticky part of the media ecosystem. So I would think we will always look to expand our footprint of local television stations, but there's also different kinds of digital video assets that -- in local markets that could potentially be of interest.

Everything has to be at the right price and has to be highly accretive. But we have a cable network and we have a broadcast network. We'll always be opportunistic, but I think our focus will continue to be local.

Great. So I want to talk more broadly about the pay TV ecosystem. So it does seem like options are moving in the favor of the viewer, packages coming bundling with streaming services and the proliferation of skinny bundles.

As you flagged on your earnings call, Charter, who will be here today, posted sequential growth in video subs for the first time in a long time. Can you talk about pay TV sub trends as you see them? Where do you see them playing out as we move across 2026?

Yes. I mean, this has been something we've been talking about for the last few years in terms of belief that we're going to see some stabilization in the rate of attrition of subscribers. That's for a variety of different reasons. One is that we've gotten down to a point where it's -- the people that were really trying to get out of the ecosystem are now out of the ecosystem. And so we see some stabilization.

We've also seen the great things that companies like Charter have done to rebundle and create more value for the consumer by bringing back in those DTC packages and putting it as part of their overall subscription. We're now seeing the advent of these skinny bundles like YouTube is launching one that is going to include broadcast and news. So those are things that should be able to create some stability for the pay TV ecosystem.

And we're excited to see the Charter numbers, I graphed out the decline, and it was sort of a big decline for a long period of time, but now we're seeing that come up has been pretty dramatic in terms of the quickness of the recovery. And so we're bullish about that.

We have not seen it quite yet in our numbers, but we do, in our distribution guidance that we put out in connection with our earnings call, have expected that we will have some rate -- some level of improvement in 2026 as a result.

Excellent. I want to turn to retrans. How are you thinking about retrans negotiations to shake out in 2026?

Well, in 2025, we had about 60% of our subscribers up for renewal. So those contracts are done and those will benefit primarily 2026. And so we -- our guidance includes that. We do have some additional -- we have about 30% of our subs up for renewal in 2026, which are more towards the middle to the end part of the year. And so we feel like we will be able to successfully navigate those negotiations and really get the benefit of what we bring to bear to those companies.

Great. And you've previously suggested there's maybe one more kind of cycle of retrans price increases before leveling off. Does that idea still hold? Or do you think the TEGNA merger could actually give you enough leverage to support retrans growth for a longer period of time?

No, we still think that that's kind of the horizon. It's all about the broadcasting ecosystem getting its fair share of the distribution dollars, viewership in, value out, and I think we've got one more round until that gets pretty close to a terminal velocity.

As the bundles get skinnier, and we're in those skinny bundles, you could make a case that more of that money would rotate toward viewership. But we still believe that, that's the general thesis that there'll be one more opportunity -- cycle of opportunity to get to our fair share and then I think things will fairly level off after that.

Great. And on reverse retrans, are you seeing better reverse retrans trends now that a lot of network fees are on streaming services? And how does net retrans evolve going forward?

Well, we will be, once we close on the TEGNA acquisition, the largest affiliate partner for every one of the networks. And in 3 of those networks, we will be distributing their programming in as large a piece of the country as they do with their owned and operated stations. That's a whole different place than a lot of other folks in the broadcasting business will be.

And so we think the negotiations perhaps could take on a different flavor for Nexstar than for other folks that are affiliate partners. But I open every one of those discussions by saying, we have historically paid you for programming and geographic exclusivity of that programming to monetize with advertisers and in distribution. And to the extent that your program is less and less or in a couple of cases, non-exclusive to us, it's worth less to us.

And so -- and again, I think when you are the largest affiliate partner to that network organization, you probably have leverage that other folks don't have. So we'll see how those conversations continue to progress. But we believe that the reverse payments, which have flattened out, will begin a downward trajectory.

Got it. And the NFL has been another hot topic in recent weeks. We had Lachlan Murdoch here earlier this week. So the press is reporting that the NFL is seeking to renegotiate its current media rights package, which was just done a few years ago. Curious how you see that playing out and how it could impact Nexstar going forward?

Well, it remains to be seen. The networks have a change of control provision, which Goodell was on record saying that they don't plan to trigger that in relation to Sky CBS. So their next opportunity with their contracts as currently constructed comes in 2029. So it's -- it would be curious to me as to how that negotiation would be reopened unless it were voluntary on the parts of the rights holders, the networks, which could happen.

But I look at -- the NFL is an important part of our sports revenue and our sports programming, but when you look at the totality of sports programming, it's obviously not all of it, and sports as a percent of our ad support is important, but it's certainly not all of it. And so I think that the NFL, while interesting, certainly and in where we have NFL home team cities is an important component of sports advertising.

The NFL is not as important to local affiliates that make the vast majority of their revenue from local news as it is to networks that might be a singular source of revenue programming and building their flywheel. So listen, we love having the NFL on our stations. And I think that will continue long into the future.

I think Roger Goodell was on record saying, as long as he's in the chair that the NFL will always be on broadcast. So we'll see. I think the games that were recaptured out of the ESPN package will likely go into a Sunday morning package, which is hard for affiliates that are in local news or religious programming or whatever to clear. So that maybe goes to a streamer.

So there'll be more around the edges, but I think the base product, I don't see that going anywhere anytime soon, and it will just be a question of rights. Peter Chernin said years ago, he said the NFL, you've 1 of 2 outcomes. One is you win in which case you take all the revenue you generate and put it in a dump truck and drive it down Park Avenue and we drop it off at the NFL headquarters or you lose it and you don't want to be that man or that woman who lost the NFL.

So I tend to think that having all 4 networks involved and always a streaming presence and a credible alternative viable threat will put a floor into pricing for the NFL, but -- and they are masters at being able to monetize around the edges, but again, I think it's -- I tend to think that the current status will maintain itself for at least the horizon I'm looking at, which is the next 5 to 10 years.

The broadcast reach is essential.

Absolutely.

Okay. So I want to turn to advertising. So ex political, you were able to grow advertising a healthy 4.5% in the most recent quarter. What drove that performance and what's kind of your state of the ad market as we sit here today?

Yes. So I think in the fourth quarter, we had the benefit in this year of not having to crowd out from last year that we had for political. So that was a good portion of it. But we still had a better fourth quarter than what we were anticipating at the beginning of the quarter.

And we view that -- that really happened sort of across the board with respect to our businesses, both our national, local or digital businesses, all overachieved in terms of what we thought they were going to achieve at the time when we put the fourth quarter guidance out.

And really, that was just buys later in the quarter than we normally see, some big name advertisers came back into the mix that we weren't expecting. And so we view that all as a positive signal in terms of the health of the overall advertising industry improving. And in the first quarter, our guidance is that our nonpolitical advertising revenue should be flat -- flattish is our expectation for the first quarter.

Okay. And let's talk about political. We're a little over 2 months into the election year. What are your expectations for 2026 versus the last midterm cycle? And what positions Nexstar to capture more of that overall political dollar spend?

Yes. Our guidance for political advertising is that we will garner a low double-digit percentage share of the advertising dollars that are spent on television. You can see -- there's a company out there called AdImpact that does some really good work around make estimates for political advertising. And so they do expect that broadcast will be fairly consistent with the last cycle in terms of the dollars that they're going to generate.

Every year, we do really a very, very detailed bottoms-up analysis by district, where the elections are going to be, where they're going to be contested, how does that overlay with our footprint, and we sort of come up with an estimate of what we expect our share is going to be. And this year, it's a little bit lower than what we had in prior years, and that just goes to the composition of where we see the races kind of matching up.

It's not anything that's sort of a big difference. We were in low teens before. Now we're low double digits. It's in a similar range. But we feel like there's obviously no slowdown in spending and fundraising, and we're feeling good about this year.

We just saw in Texas that the Republican Senate primary is going to a runoff. We didn't have that baked into our numbers. And John Cornyn is on saying he spent $70 million to get to last night. Now there's a sprint to May, and then there'll be a sprint to the general in the fall. So there's always puts and takes to our political forecast. But I would say at this point, we are pleasantly surprised.

Excellent. So I wanted to talk, are you interested in moving into streaming with your existing assets? Obviously, like FAST channels are very popular. How are you thinking about if you were to kind of pivot more to streaming and what that would look like?

Well, listen, I think that -- I don't know that it's as much as it is an addition. I don't see it as an either or, right? I mean, my view is we have a content factory that produces all of our local content, and that is roughly 330,000 hours of content that goes to something approaching 450,000 hours once we acquire TEGNA.

And so I view that as our job with that content factory is to produce as many different pieces of content for as many different audiences as at many different times of the day using as many different distribution mechanisms as possible to distribute that content. So it's free over the air. It's in a linear newscast, it's on our website, it's in a station app. It's probably in a FAST channel.

And so -- and I tell our people that, listen, if we were in the furniture business, and we only made one couch, that wouldn't be much of a business, so we can't just take the same content and populate it everywhere. So our job is to continue to evolve our mindset and continue to evolve what we do and not be concerned with how we do it. I mean distribution is just a means to reach the consumer where they are.

But in Tampa, for example, I was there a few weeks ago, our 11:00 a.m. newscast, you think of folks that are available to watch TV at that time of the day, and they're generally retired, right, or home or whatever. Our 11:00 newscast looks a lot like a podcast now. And there was trepidation, well, geez, if the viewers just finish watch the prices right, are they ready for this, right? Well, lo and behold, the ratings came out, and that time period, that newscast is up 43%.

So it shows that the audience is interested and willing to look at different formats and different distribution of content. And so -- but there was a real trepidation to take that leap and said, well, we haven't done it at 6:00, and I said, well, why not? We got to think about those things. So there's a whole -- and TEGNA has actually done some very interesting work around this as well.

There's a whole conversation to be had about how we produce different newscasts at different times of the day and how we can use technology, how we can use AI to make sure that there is no unconscious bias in our stories, and we're developing those kinds of tools. So it's an exciting thing because that's the IP that we own, that's the space that we have chosen to be in and want to ultimately dominate, but it's a real opportunity.

And we're also trying to create a creator economy inside of Nexstar that will allow people to maybe produce podcasts or shows for FAST channels and perhaps down the road, if we monetize them, we can share that. I said -- to our folks, I said that model seems to work pretty well for TikTok. So maybe we can introduce something like that to our 15,000, 16,000, 17,000 employees. And if some of them take us up on the offer that might be interesting to see how that all plays out.

So it's just trying to get people to think more broadly and differently, but streaming is -- it's not broadcast versus streaming. I think it's broadcast and streaming and connected TV and this and other things that we can do but it starts with our content, which -- that IP is very precious, very valuable to us. And we just have to be very smart about how we produce it and distribute it and be imaginative about it.

That's fascinating. So I want to turn to the CW, which saw almost a 20% increase in viewership last year. As you noted in your earnings call, you expected to reach profitability by 4Q. Maybe just how much of this do you attribute to the sports rights, you've acquired NASCAR, and what else is going on beneath the surface there?

Well, first of all, it's been a dramatic pivot, right, from what the network was, it was 15 hours a week of basically scripted entertainment. Now it's -- there's 800 hours a year of sports programming on the CW. And if I look at our initial broadcast of NASCAR this year, the Daytona race, not the 500, but the Saturday race, we peaked at almost 2.4 million viewers, that's people exposed to the CW.

Our programmer there, the man who oversees that, Sean Compton, put an episode of one of our game shows coming out of a NASCAR race, and now that game show in prime time is generating significant increases in viewership. It's Scrabble hosted by Craig Ferguson, who used to host the late show on CBS. And so that flywheel is starting to work there.

But I look at the shows that are really working for us. We have police shows, we have game shows, we have scripted entertainment. And then obviously, we have WWE on Tuesday nights and then our entire sports portfolio. And at the same time, our costs were down by over 30% year-over-year in terms of that's the amount we were able to reduce our expenses, and we will be profitable in the fourth quarter of this year and then on a going forward basis.

Our teams are getting much better at selling sports. We've got a lot of new advertisers as well as new sponsors into our sports programming. We took almost costless -- low-risk chance on professional bowling and put it on the air. And it did 0.5 million viewers on a Sunday afternoon. That used to be a good night in prime for the CW, which it is no more.

So it's just -- it's adding things on and we'll add some more Savannah Banana games this year and just around the edges, and it's entertainment, right? And so we're just trying to speak to the broadest possible audience that advertisers follow eyeballs and the more eyeballs we generate, the better we do.

You hit on it with bowling and Savannah Banana, which is obviously trending very positive here right now. But do you see other opportunities to selectively expand your sports rights portfolio?

I think that, yes, I mean, obviously, we have a chart like every sports organization does when major rights are due to expire. There's not a lot that we expect will come before the end of the decade. But I think there's an opportunity as we have done in the past, to partner with rights holders and maybe offload some of their inventory that they either don't have space for or can't monetize appropriately.

So we did that with NBC and NASCAR 2 years ago when they had Olympic overflow from the Summer Olympics. So I think we'll continue with those conversations but we're still playing moneyball, right? We're still growing this network into, a, profitability and then, b, into something more substantial. So we're not going to get out over our skis.

Great. I want to turn to NewsNation. It posted strongest year ever in 2025. It was the fastest-growing cable net in the 25 to 54 demo. What do you see progressing for the network through 2026 and where are the biggest opportunities there?

We had a fantastic February. We're up dramatically. And again, the 25-54 in total viewer demo over last February. And so the streak continues. I think it's just -- we're live 18 hours a day now and pretty much all cable networks repeat overnight. But we have live programming, live news and then adding -- expanding our talk shows in prime time all the way to midnight now.

And I think people are just -- what we're seeing is when there's breaking news, a lot of times, our numbers will spike because, particularly on the weekends, people know we're live when some of the more mature cable news networks in an effort to cut costs have gone to tape the programming on the weekend. So we're there immediately and instantly.

And we've got a correspondent in Tel Aviv and reporting live from there. And we were on the air 5:00 in the morning on Saturday. And so we're competing with and we keep track every time we beat one of the legacy cable news networks. We make sure everybody in the organization knows about it.

And so we've got some real momentum. Obviously, we're growing off of a very low base, but we're able to show growth in a marketplace where not many others can make that same claim. So we just need to continue to do what we're doing. And if we can show incremental growth on a sustained basis, that's all I can ask of them.

Makes sense. I want to turn to capital allocation. You've obviously returned a lot of capital to shareholders through buybacks and dividends over the years. Clearly, delevering post TEGNA is going to be the near-term focus. But how should we think about capital allocation over the next 12 months? And once you've kind of reached your target leverage.

Yes. Right now, we're conserving cash for the transaction, right? That will go -- that's the most accretive thing that we're working on, which is the acquisition of TEGNA. And so we announced we're going to continue to pay our dividend. We're just -- we didn't increase it. So we're using all that cash to go towards the acquisition.

We're going to lever up a little bit in connection with this transaction, around 4x is the estimate for at the time we close, and then we'll use our free cash flow to delever, and then we'll have to see from a share repurchase perspective, if we get back down to kind of where we were, we can do that unless there's other better uses for our cash.

We've always said M&A is number one with the bullet in terms of what we've been able to achieve in terms of the accretion relative to other things that we can do. And we always look at that. We look at what -- if we just buy back our shares or if we make acquisitions, what is more accretive. And really M&A has been the opportunity for us. We just haven't been able to do it given the regulatory environment for some time.

Great. I want to see if we have any questions in the audience here. Okay. I got more. So I guess maybe for investors who are a little less familiar with your company, how would you outline the key investment thesis for Nexstar? Obviously, you have some tailwinds working for you and some self-help with M&A on the come, but how would you frame the investment opportunity for maybe those who haven't looked at the company in a while?

So I think when people think about media, I put it into 3 buckets that there's -- you probably are going to have your favorite streaming company, whatever that would be. You may have your favorite networks company, whatever that may be. And what we have been driving toward is that if you choose to play in the local end of the media ecosystem, there's only one company that you think about, and that's us because we are the biggest, we'll continue to get bigger.

And when you look at the amount of free cash flow we generate, we rival some of those companies in the network space. And of course, hardly anybody in streaming makes any money. So I tend to read the financial statements from the bottom up, which I think is an important note for investors. And if you read it the same way, you mentioned it earlier, pro forma, we'll have $3 billion of EBITDA, that's a pretty decent company.

I think that if the subtrends continue in cable as we've seen them, and Charter buying Cox, if Cox post similar results, then I think everybody else can say, okay, that model looks like it works and maybe we got to emulate that in our company that's not called Charter or others. And so I think you could see that turn fairly quickly. And I think if that happens, the space potentially gets rerated, right, and that could lead to multiple expansion.

And we're going to keep doing what we do, which is acquire, integrate, put the synergies out, deliver the numbers, and lather, rinse, repeat, that's been the story since 2010, right? And so the company turns 30 years old this year. And again, we've just been doing what we've been doing. And so I think we've got a pretty well put together playbook here to continue to perform.

I just signed a new 3-year agreement with -- to continue at the helm here and continue to be the third largest shareholder of the company. You can't say that about a lot of those other media companies necessarily, and I'm not throwing shade on them. I'm just saying if you want to know why we're unique and why I think we're worthy of consideration, you got a Founder CEO that started on his own, didn't inherit anything, and has been shown up in the office for 30 years here to build this thing into something substantial.

And we have aspirations to continue to build the company. And so we -- this won't be our last transaction, and we -- I got to tell you that we are very -- we would not be considering these kinds of transactions were it not for this administration in place, both with the regulatory agencies and then obviously, in the White House because they have been conducive to M&A and thinking about investing in local markets and communities and things like that. So we're very appreciative of the support of the administration as well.

And we've got another 2.5, 3 years to run there. So I think that we'll take as much advantage as we can. I think it's interesting to note that while we're levering up to 4x, I mean that is by far the lowest leverage post acquisition, if you exactly look at Tribune and Media General. And if we close on my expected timetable, the balance of the year with the political advertising bump that will come, I think you'll see us on delevering pretty quickly. And if you're starting at 4, it's a lot easier to get to 3 than it is if you start at 5.5.

So I think that we will continue to have a very solid balance sheet that will be an asset of the company, our local content assets and our business development team, which is our local and national sales force, those are the assets we have. And then how can we overlay all of those assets into as many growth opportunities for the company, again, using that local base that has been our core from -- for 30 years.

Excellent. And I want to close out, you've been outspoken about the benefits of sunsetting ASTC 1.0 (sic) [ ATSC 1.0 ] and moving 3.0. Can you maybe just hit on the benefits and the implications for Nexstar there?

Sure. We are members of a consortia that is looking at spectrum monetization, spectrum development, and we have cash paying customers now. They're not going to -- they're not spending life-changing money with us at this point in time. But I think that will happen over time. And so it's high-speed data transmission, it's precision location devices and things like that.

There's 1,001 uses, if you will. We are a lower cost replacement for expensive 5G networks that are out there. We could provide a backup GPS system to the United States, which is a public benefit. We're the largest industrialized country in the world that doesn't have a backup GPS. And so there's a lot that can be done with spectrum monetization.

Again, Chairman Carr at the FCC is open to innovation and development. And so those are the kinds of things that we plan to work on the day after we close on the transaction, not that we're not working on them now, but they will come increasingly into focus because, again, we'll have more spectrum available for commercialization by advent of the TEGNA acquisition.

Excellent. Perfect place to end. Perry and Lee Ann, thank you so much for joining us.

Thank you.

Thanks for having us. Appreciate it.

Good day, and welcome to the Nexstar Media Group's Fourth Quarter 2025 Conference Call. Today's call is being recorded. I will now turn the conference over to Joe Jaffoni, Investor Relations. Please go ahead, sir.

Thank you, Rochelle, and good morning, everyone. Let me read the safe harbor language, and then we'll get right into the call.

All statements and comments made by management during this conference call other than statements of historical fact, may be deemed forward-looking statements for purposes of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Nexstar cautions that these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected by the forward-looking statements made during today's call. For additional details on these risks and uncertainties, please see Nexstar's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and Nexstar's subsequent public filings with the SEC.

Nexstar undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

It's now my pleasure to turn the conference over to your host, Nexstar Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Perry Sook. Perry, please go ahead.

Thank you, Joseph, and good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us today. Mike Biard, our Chief Operating Officer; and Lee Ann Gliha, our Chief Financial Officer, are with me on the call, as always.

Nexstar's fourth quarter financial results capped a year marked by strong execution and bold strategic action to shape our future of the business. We delivered on all key operational priorities in 2025, including successfully reviewing and renewing distribution agreements representing over 60% of our subscriber base, further elevating The CW and NewsNation to top-tier networks, extending our affiliation agreements with both ABC and MyNetworkTV and pursuing regulatory reform through our landmark agreement to acquire TEGNA.

These achievements, together with the return of midterm election political advertising in 2026, all set the stage for a very exciting year of growth ahead for Nexstar as reflected in our stand-alone Nexstar pre-TEGNA full year adjusted EBITDA guidance of $1.95 billion to $2.05 billion.

The rationale for the Nexstar-TEGNA combination is becoming increasingly clear. Consolidation is accelerating across the broader media industry from the Hulu-Fubo transaction to the proposed Charter-Cox merger to the upcoming sale of Warner Bros. Discovery. Against this backdrop, our transaction represents a pivotal and critical opportunity to establish a framework for local television broadcasters to more effectively compete with big tech and with big media while strengthening our ability to deliver high-quality local journalism to our communities.

I'm pleased to report that we remain on track and are making great progress on our path to closing. Our HSR filings and our FCC license transfer applications have all been submitted. We have responded to all inquiries from the DOJ, the FCC and the state attorneys general, and we continue to work with all regulatory and legal bodies to fulfill any remaining requests. Our explanation for close is by the end of second quarter of 2026, and that remains unchanged.

If we look at recent industry strategic activity, broadcast has been a consistently coveted asset because of the scale, reach and results it delivers to premium programming, especially sports. The numbers speak for themselves. This past season, the NFL delivered its highest viewership in 16 seasons, up 7% year-over-year, largely driven by broadcast. In home and away markets, broadcast still delivers the majority of the NFL Thursday Night Football audience versus Amazon Prime. The NBAs return to broadcast fueled a 16% year-over-year increase in regular season viewership through mid-February, and that marks the highest average NBA audience at this point in the season since 2018. The NBA All-Star Game also benefited with the highest ratings in 15 years in its first year back on NBC. And finally, the Winter Olympics also delivered their strongest viewership in years.

The data is clear when it comes to delivering scaled audiences for premium live sports and events, broadcast remains unmatched. In this regard, Nexstar's own sports-focused programming strategy is delivering excellent results and enabled The CW to exceed our financial expectations in 2025. The CW finished the year as the tenth most watched ad-supported network and the second fastest-growing network overall, delivering a 19% year-over-year increase in viewership. In 2025, we improved the network's cash flow by an impressive 32%, and we anticipate continued financial improvement for the network as we move through 2026 with profitability expected by the fourth quarter of this year.

The continued success of our long-term strategic focus on high-impact news and sports programming is further validated by the performance of NewsNation, which posted its strongest year ever in total day, primetime and daytime viewership and in 2025 was the fastest-growing cable news network in the adult 25-54 demographic. Consumer awareness of NewsNation has increased to over 40%, its highest level to date with over 50% awareness among viewers of news. These results reflect the fact that NewsNation's programming and unique fact-based reporting is resonating with viewers looking for a balanced and impartial take on the news.

Looking ahead, as we had anticipated and discussed on prior calls, we're beginning to see more stable subscriber trends. Smaller DTC platforms are being integrated into multichannel pay TV packages and distributors continue to launch new value-priced skinny bundles, many focusing on broadcast and news programming. In Q4, Charter posted sequential quarterly growth in video subscribers, and overall, the data is encouraging to Nexstar's distribution outlook. While we are focused on closing our proposed acquisition of TEGNA, we remain equally disciplined in executing against Nexstar's core business.

Beyond maximizing the political advertising opportunities presented by the midterm elections, our top 2 priorities in 2026 are digital optimization and expense rationalization. Digital is a key growth engine, and we continue to expand our audience reach, including local CTV apps now live in 108 markets, and broaden advertiser solutions across our owned and third-party inventory.

Despite AI search headwinds, digital revenue grew high single digits in 2025 and double digits in our local business. And in 2026, we expect digital revenue to surpass our national advertising revenue, an important milestone that strengthens our long-term nonpolitical advertising trajectory. At the same time, we are further streamlining and centralizing our operations, automating select production functions, aligning incentive compensation closely with performance, actions which we expect will drive additional operating expense reductions and enhanced execution across the company.

Touching briefly on political. Ad impact projects about $10.8 billion in total political advertising for the '25, '26 election cycle, a record amount for the midterms, with broadcasting expected to capture nearly 50% of that total or about $5.28 billion. We expect to capture a low double-digit share of total broadcast political advertising spend for the current cycle as our positioning remains excellent with a presence in more than 80% of the contested election markets.

In summary, our assets generate consistently strong free cash flow, which we've used to create the clean balance sheet that we have today to return capital to shareholders and pursue highly accretive M&A like TEGNA and have executed with our proven playbook and grounded in our steadfast community to localism. We are energized by the significant prospects before us, and we remain laser-focused on executing our 2026 objectives, including closing our acquisition of TEGNA, capitalizing on the midterm election political advertising opportunity and continuing to optimize our business operations, all of which we anticipate will contribute to shareholder value creation.

So now with all that said, let me turn the call over to Mike Biard. Michael?

Thanks, Perry, and good morning, everyone.

Nexstar delivered fourth quarter net revenue of $1.29 billion, a decline of 13.4% compared to the prior year, primarily reflecting the year-over-year reduction in political advertising, offset by better-than-expected growth in nonpolitical advertising revenues. Fourth quarter distribution revenue of $720 million increased $6 million or 0.8% compared to the prior year quarter and primarily reflects increased rates, growth in vMVPD subscribers and the addition of CW affiliations on certain of our stations, offset in part by MVPD subscriber attrition.

In 2025, we renewed distribution agreements covering more than 60% of our subscribers, extended our network affiliation agreements with ABC and MyNetworkTV to 2027 and renegotiated affiliation and vMVPD agreements for The CW covering about 2/3 of its subscribers. Looking ahead, we have approximately 30% of subscribers up for renewal this year.

In 2026, on a stand-alone Nexstar-only basis, we are projecting distribution revenue growth to be in the low single digits on a gross basis and in the mid-single digits on a net basis for the full year. Our projections are based on our current and expected contract terms and an improvement in the rate of subscriber attrition.

Turning back to our results for Q4 2025. Advertising revenue of $549 million decreased $209 million or 27.6% over the comparable prior year, primarily reflecting $233 million year-over-year decrease in political advertising to $21 million. However, nonpolitical advertising was up 4.5% in the quarter, better than the expectation of a low single-digit decrease we mentioned in our last earnings call. We saw later-than-anticipated spending last quarter, driving broad-based improvement across all advertising segments, including local, national, network and digital.

Top advertising categories in the quarter were gaming, banking, attorneys and sports betting driven by the legalization of online sports betting in Missouri. Auto was once again our largest declining category, but our focus on developing new digital advertising products with auto dealers partially offset that decline.

For the first quarter, nonpolitical advertising is currently forecast to be flattish on a year-over-year basis, primarily due to the negative relative impact of the Super Bowl airing on NBC this year compared to FOX last year where we have a stronger footprint. However, this negative comparison will be partially offset by the incremental advertising from the Winter Olympics on NBC. So far this year, we've seen strong viewership and advertiser demand for marquee sports content with more than a 20% increase in advertising for the 2026 Super Bowl and Milan Cortina Olympics compared to the comparable 2022 Super Bowl and Beijing Olympics.

On the political side, we generated approximately $21 million in political advertising revenue during the quarter, primarily driven by Virginia's statewide general election and spending on -- general election spending and California's redistricting ballot proposition and early governor's race spending. With the return of the midterm election cycle in 2026, we look forward to once again demonstrating the value of broadcast television to candidates and campaigns looking to communicate to the electorate through political advertising on television.

As Perry mentioned, we expect to generate a low double-digit percentage of total broadcast political advertising for the year. As a reminder, industry advertising forecasts are provided on a gross basis and Nexstar reports advertising revenue, including political, net of agency commissions. As in previous election years, we expect roughly 20% of our full year political advertising revenue to be earned in the first half of 2026, with the remaining 80% in the second half. Political advertising is also expected to impact nonpolitical advertising, driving displacement in the back half of the year.

On the expense side, we remain focused on continuously improving the operational efficiency of our business. And in 2025, we reduced recurring cash operating expenses by 1.6% as a result of the operational restructuring we implemented in Q4 2024 and Q1 2025 and continued rationalization of programming costs at The CW. Looking ahead, as Perry mentioned, you can expect us to deliver additional cash operating expense savings across the business in 2026.

Turning to The CW. Audiences are consistently showing up for our live sports lineup, and that momentum is translating into progress toward our financial targets. With its debut on CW Sports, the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, formerly the Xfinity Series, delivered its most watched season in 4 years, up 10% year-over-year, averaging over 1 million viewers across 33 races. College football also posted double-digit gains, averaging 456,000 viewers per week with ACC matchups on The CW, up 26%. ACC men's and women's basketball is also off to a strong start this season, with total viewers up 35% through the first 10 games.

And NASCAR on The CW has returned strong with the O'Reilly Auto Parts Series season opener at Daytona delivering 2.3 million peak viewers, including more viewers in the 18 to 49 demo for any addition of this race since 2018. The momentum continued last week in Atlanta, where we've delivered 1.4 million average viewers, representing the best performance for this race since 2016.

With 100 additional hours of sports program expected in 2026, nearly 47% of The CW schedule will be sports or sports adjacent. At the same time, we're strengthening our primetime lineup with premium entertainment, including Wild Cards, the final season of All American, Police 24/7 and refreshed game shows, Scrabble, hosted by Craig Ferguson and Trivial Pursuit, which will air not only on The CW, but will also be licensed for syndication downstream.

Our overall programming strategy is delivering results with The CW outperforming Big 4 primetime telecasts 273 times across total viewers and key demos in the 2024-2025 season. That's up from just 45x a year ago.

Similarly, NewsNation continues to hit consistent ratings milestones. In 2025, NewsNation remained the #1 fastest-growing cable news network in the 25 to 54 demo. For the year, NewsNation surpassed MS NOW 60x and CNN 40x in head-to-head telecasts across total viewers and in the 25 to 54 and 35 to 64 demos. This compares to the 2024 period when NewsNation surpassed MSNBC 4x and CNN 2x in head-to-head telecasts.

So to close, I want to reiterate our confidence in our long-term outlook and the enduring strength of Nexstar's business model. Our programming strategy anchored by live news and sports continues to deliver results for The CW and NewsNation, and we remain committed to unlocking even greater value from these assets as our audiences grow. Our local programming strategy is similarly anchored by our unrivaled live news product and the proposed TEGNA acquisition will create a substantial and immediate value for shareholders while advancing the public interest by strengthening local broadcast journalism and providing an expanded range of competitive broadcast and digital advertising solutions across our portfolio of local and national assets.

And with that, it's my pleasure to turn the call over to Lee Ann for the remainder of the financial review. Lee Ann?

Thank you, Mike, and good morning, everyone. Mike gave you most of the details on the revenue side and on The CW. So I'll provide a review of expenses, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted free cash flow, along with a review of our capital allocation activities and our 2026 guidance.

Combined fourth quarter direct operating and SG&A expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization and corporate expenses, decreased by $7 million or 0.9%, driven primarily by reduced commissions from sale of political advertising revenue in Q4 of '24, reduced news and production expenses, reduced promotions from our operational restructuring initiatives and lower administrative and onetime expenses.

Q4 2025 total corporate expense was $65 million, including noncash compensation expense of $20 million compared to $48 million, including noncash compensation expense of $20 million in the fourth quarter of 2024. The increase of $17 million is primarily due to onetime costs associated with our proposed acquisition of TEGNA and the impact of a reduction in the bonus reserve in the fourth quarter of '24 that was larger than the fourth quarter of '25.

Q4 2025, amortization of broadcast rights included in our definition of adjusted EBITDA was $75 million, a reduction of $23 million from $98 million in the fourth quarter of '24, primarily due to timing of programming at The CW. Q4 2025 income from equity method investments, which primarily reflects our 31% ownership in TV Food Network reduced by amortization of basis difference, declined by $12 million in the quarter or 67%, primarily related to TV Food Network lower revenue. We also wrote down our investment in TV Food Network consistent with other companies in the entertainment cable network space.

Putting it all together, on a consolidated basis, fourth quarter adjusted EBITDA was $433 million, representing a 33.6% margin and a decrease of $195 million from the fourth quarter '24 of $628 million.

Moving to the components of free cash flow and adjusted free cash flow. Fourth quarter CapEx was $54 million, an increase of $19 million from $35 million in the fourth quarter last year, primarily due to an investment in real estate at one of our properties. Fourth quarter net interest expense was $91 million, a reduction of $13 million from the fourth quarter of 2024. On a cash basis, this compares to $89 million in Q4 2025 versus $101 million in Q4 2024. The reduction in interest expense was primarily related to a reduction in SOFR and reduced debt balances.

Fourth quarter operating cash taxes were $33 million compared to $67 million in 2024, a decrease of $34 million, primarily related to decreased pretax operating income in 2025 related to decreased nonelection political advertising. Payments for capitalized software obligations net of proceeds from disposal of assets and insurance recoveries were $6 million versus $4 million last year. In Q4, cash programming amortization costs were greater than cash payments by $19 million versus lower by $13 million in 2024 as certain programming payments were prepaid.

Pulling this all together, consolidated fourth quarter 2025 adjusted free cash flow was $214 million as compared to $411 million last year.

Now turning to our 2026 guidance. We believe Nexstar's stand-alone 2026 adjusted EBITDA will be in the range of $1.95 billion to $2.05 billion. Perry and Mike already provided some of the key assumptions that are embedded in that guidance, including: one, our expectation for gross and net distribution revenue growth to be up low and mid-single digits, respectively, based on contract renewals completed in 2025 and expected in 2026 and an improvement in subscriber attrition trends; two, political advertising revenue should be in an amount equal to a low double-digit market share of broadcast political advertising and will have a displacement impact on nonpolitical advertising in the back half of the year; three, total operating corporate expenses and amortization of broadcast rights, excluding onetime charges, will again decline year-over-year due to our continued plans to affect our business by focusing on efficiencies and reducing programming costs; and four, we expect The CW will continue to reduce its losses by another 30% in 2026 from 2025 levels and achieve profitability in the fourth quarter.

Key factors differing from our current expectations, which could affect our outlook for adjusted EBITDA for 2026, either positively or negatively. Those factors include, among other things, the rate of growth or attrition of pay TV subscribers, the health of the local and national advertising markets, our renegotiation of certain distribution and affiliation agreements on terms favorable to the company and the attributable net income related to our 31.3% ownership stake in TV Food Network. We do not intend to update this guidance on a quarterly basis.

As a few additional points of guidance with respect to adjusted free cash flow. We are currently projecting CapEx of $125 million to $130 million for the year and $30 million to $35 million in the first quarter. Based on the current yield curve, we anticipate full year 2025 cash interest expense to be in the $355 million to $365 million area, an improvement of $11 million versus 2025 levels at the midpoint.

We project Nexstar's cash interest expense, including the spread on our floating rate debt instruments, the current SOFR forward curve and the coupons on our fixed rate debt, along with our expectations for debt repayments, which includes our mandatory amortization of approximately $111 million. Q1 interest expense is expected in the $85 million range.

Full year 2026 cash taxes are expected to be approximately $315 million to $325 million range, an increase versus 2025 of $208 million due to an expected improved income, primarily a result of the election year. For cash taxes, we use a 26% tax rate when calculating our estimated tax before onetime and other adjustments. The first quarter includes only a very small amount of state income tax in the $2.6 million range. As a reminder, we will use the annualization method for tax, meaning tax related to the fourth quarter of '26 will be largely deferred to '27.

In 2026, payments for programming are expected to be in excess of amortization by $25 million to $30 million due primarily to an investment in programming for future years with approximately $1 million of that in the first quarter.

Turning to capital allocation and our balance sheet. Together with cash from operations generated in the quarter and cash on hand, we returned $56 million to shareholders comprised entirely of dividends as we are conserving cash for acquisition of TEGNA. For the year, we returned $351 million or 42% of our adjusted free cash flow to shareholders in the form of $226 million of dividends and $125 million of share repurchases, reducing our year-end shares outstanding by 1% to 30.3 million.

Nexstar's outstanding debt at December 31, 2025, was $6.3 billion, a reduction of $26 million for the quarter as we made quarterly amortization payments. Our cash balance at quarter end was $280 million, including $13 million of cash related to The CW. Because we designated The CW as an unrestricted subsidiary, the losses associated with The CW are not accounted for in our calculation of leverage for purposes of our credit agreement. As such, our first lien covenant ratio for Nexstar as of December 31, 2025, for the last 8 quarters annualized was 1.71x, which is well below our first lien and only covenant of 4.25x. Our total net leverage for Nexstar was 3.09x at quarter end.

Our 2026 cash flow will be deployed first to fulfill our mandatory obligations, including debt repayments of $111 million and $36 million of pension and defined benefit plan contributions, the anticipated 2026 dividend of approximately $228 million and to build cash balances to fund the acquisition of TEGNA.

In January, we announced our dividend maintaining the same level as 2025 as excess cash will be used to fund the acquisition of TEGNA. Based on our stock price as of yesterday, our dividend represents a 3.2% yield, which puts us in the 73rd percentile of all dividend-paying stocks in the S&P 400 for dividend yield.

With that, I'll open up the call for questions. Operator, can you go to our first question.

[Operator Instructions] And we'll go on to our first question. We'll hear from Dan Kurnos with Benchmark StoneX.

Great. Appreciate all the color as usual. Perry, as you might imagine, given the presidential tweet recently, I think investor anxiety around when we might get an FCC cap elimination has increased a little bit. So any color you can give us around wording, timing and how that process might play out would be helpful.

And then separately on the expense side, all of you really super helpful like kind of walk through the pieces. I guess, since you guys called out digital optimization and expense rationalization as your 2 priorities. Given all of the AI tools that are out there, what we're hearing from peers, what we're hearing from kind of the broader tech landscape, I mean how much of that is sort of embedded in the guide you've given this year? How much is applicable on, say, like content cost reduction for things like CW or NewsNation? Just any way you can help us frame up kind of the opportunity set you see there to continue sort of this expense reduction momentum would be helpful.

Dan, I'll take the first part. I would hope to not characterize investor anxiety around the elimination of the cap and approval of our deal. I would hope that, that anxiety would turn into enthusiasm. We certainly appreciate the support of the President vis-a-vis his tweet and follow-on comments by the Chairman of the FCC and his support for the deal. And as to timing, that's really the purview of the regulatory agencies. We are working very diligently to complete all of the information requests. As things go, the FCC shot clock would technically expire on June 1 of this year. So we remain consistent in our belief that the transaction will close before the end of second quarter. We are hopeful that we can close sooner than that, but we'll obviously continue to engage with the regulatory agencies to try and get to the to the desired result, not only on the national ownership cap, but the approval of our transaction.

On your questions about digital and expense, maybe I'll take digital first. I think that Nexstar has got a tremendous local sales force. We have over 1,500 sales folks across the country. Relationships with over 50,000 advertisers. Our advertisers really value our television products, but they also value our apps and our websites and they are also increasingly looking for audience extension opportunities. And because we have those great local relationships, we're able to sell more and sell a broader audience, not just including our local television audience, but if somebody wants more entertainment or they want more different demographics, we can sell that and add that on to the portfolio.

So we've had good success with that, especially on our local side, and that really has been driving the growth. And as Perry mentioned, this will be a good year for us because we do expect our digital revenue to eclipse our national television advertising revenue, which digital has a different trajectory, which should actually really help our longer-term growth with respect to net revenue.

On the expense side, we are continuing to just look at the business in ways to optimize the operations. And are there ways that we could do things in a different way that's more centralized or to use new technologies to help create efficiencies in our local operations and even more centrally. And so we are just continuing to reimagine that. And that's one of the benefits we have because of the scale of our business. We just have a good opportunity to be able to do some of those things. And you saw it in our 2025 results, and you'll see it again in our 2026 results.

Our next question, we'll hear it from Benjamin Soff with Deutsche Bank.

Another one on the regulatory side. Now that you're a bit deeper into that process, have there been any surprises so far in your conversations with regulators? And in particular, do you have a sense for how the DOJ might plan to view in-market consolidation? And what could that mean in terms of requiring any divestitures or not? And then I'm curious what you're seeing as far as the macro environment so far in 2026 as it relates to advertising.

Sure. As it relates to the regulatory process, I mean, we continue to engage vigorously with the DOJ, and I think it provided some excellent material to them regarding the definition of market or redefinition of video, which is where we really compete.

Obviously, they have yet to render a decision. So we will obviously defer to their judgment. But I think that the information that we provided has been strong and we're laser-focused on that. So we feel very good about where we are, the dialogue we've had, the progress we've made, the endorsements that we've received. But as to transaction particulars, we're just not there yet in terms of those expectations. But as we've reported historically, we expect that if there are any divestitures, they would be de minimis to the overall value of the deal.

Yes. And then just on the overall macro environment, I think we're feeling decent about it. I think one of the things that we'd like to track is within our overall advertising categories is what percentage of the categories are increasing versus decreasing in terms of the revenue growth. And we're seeing in the first quarter versus the fourth quarter, a greater percentage that are increasing than we saw in the fourth quarter. So I think we're -- we had some guidance here of flattish in terms of our nonpolitical advertising in the first quarter. So we're feeling decent about the macro outlook.

And next, we'll move to Aaron Watts with Deutsche Bank.

Just 2 questions. Lee Ann, maybe one for you to start. Just based on your performance to close out '25 and your view into '26, any change in your outlook for pro forma leverage once you close the TEGNA deal?

Not really, no.

Okay. Great. And then secondly for me on the advertising side, Perry, this question is a bit of an offshoot of one I asked you at the time you announced the TEGNA deal. The programmatic buying marketplace continues to grow and gain influence, how do you see that impacting your ad sales overall over the near-term horizon? And how are you currently participating or planning to participate in that marketplace with your ad inventory?

Sure. Well, in terms of programmatic digital advertising, part of the acquisition of TEGNA will include the acquisition of Premion, which is their platform for programmatic digital advertising. We think there's some real opportunity there to overlay that technology and that sales force with our inventory, which currently is not on the Premion platform. So that is an upside in operating the business. I wouldn't necessarily characterize it as a synergy, but obviously, we think that will prove as time goes on.

As to programmatic on linear, I mean, we already are in that business to a certain extent with companies like ITN and Cadent who basically are doing a very manual version of programmatic in linear. We are working internally and with external partners to develop a programmatic linear solution that we're in the early, early stages of trying to develop with other partners. We need to reduce the frictional cost of buying linear inventory. And I think technology is a way to do that. And I think that we'd like to get to the point where we have a single seamless system from pitch to pay regardless of where the impressions are located that you're attempting to access.

And so that's my vision and where I would like us to get to. Obviously, When people ask me what we're going to do on day 2 of the TEGNA acquisition closing, it's to work on that project. And work has started already, and we've got pretty good task force together and I'm doing another update here in a couple of weeks. So we intend to try -- and obviously, as one of the largest purveyors of advertising in the world, I think that we were ranked by one analyst as the 18th largest purveyor advertising in the world. We have a lot to gain by getting that right and removing the frictional costs of buying linear television, trying to make it more akin to the buy-sell process of digital inventory. And at the end of the day, it's really should be one set of inventory, one process, seamless, as I said, from pitch to pay, and that's the gold standard that we're going to try and work to achieve.

And next, we'll move to Patrick Sholl with Barrington Research.

I guess maybe just a quick follow-up on advertising. Could you provide just a little bit more detail on some of the categories that were increasing or decreasing? And as we start to lap the initial tariff headwinds, if you're kind of seeing any greater enthusiasm from the Supreme Court ruling?

So with respect to just the categories, auto was our biggest decliner but not by like any sort of outstanding amount. But we did see the rate of decline being offset within that category by good growth on the digital side. And we're actually seeing a pretty nice improvement in that auto trend into the first quarter. So we're feeling good about that.

With respect to the other top categories, we had gaming and sports betting that was a great category in the fourth quarter. That was mostly due to the Missouri legalization. And then anything kind of other than that, even on the downside, nothing really was distinguished. I think I mentioned earlier that we did see more categories increasing than decreasing overall, and we're seeing that trend continue into the first quarter and be even a little bit better in the first quarter. So things are looking okay, I would say. And but there's nothing really like to read into the various categories, no outliers that are driving the transaction or driving the outcome one way or the other.

With respect to the tariffs, I don't know that we've seen anything in particular there. I would remind you, I think one of the points that we always like to make is it's about 60% of our advertising revenue comes from services categories versus good service -- goods categories. So we do have a little bit of a natural hedge there because we are much more service-focused than goods-focused. But I wouldn't say that there's been anything that people have been talking about with respect to tariffs as of yet, but we'll keep you posted.

And next, we'll go on to Craig Huber with Huber Research Partners.

I've got a broad question here. The uses of AI in your operations, can you just give us some examples of things that are moving the needle that you're excited about that AI is helping you, whether it be on the cost savings front or enhancing your product to speed up things, et cetera? Just some examples there would be helpful first.

Sure, Craig, I'll take that. We've actually deployed some AI tools across the organization inside our local newsrooms really to help us just on the workflow front, make the process a little bit more efficient. It allows us to take a story and optimize it for multi-platform, for instance, it allows us to efficiently find sources of information and leads across multiple places all at one time.

So I think looking forward, we're in the middle of deploying some AI for our sales team that we expect will help with prospecting, sales development and also with workflow and operations in that front as well. So we -- early days yet, but we're optimistic about some of the potential that's out there as that technology starts to flow down into our industry.

And then my -- sorry, do you want to go ahead? Go ahead.

No, no, go ahead. Sorry, Craig.

Sorry, I wanted to also ask, just maybe an update on alternative uses of spectrum. I don't think we've heard about that lately. Maybe just sort of update us on what's happened in the last year and what maybe the plans are this coming year. I know it's a long way out to be meaningful for your company and your peers, but just sort of update on alternative uses of the spectrum, please.

Sure. I think to underscore what you said it is a long way out before it's meaningful for us or our peers. So in the last year, as you know, we formed a joint venture with 3 of our fellow broadcasters EdgeBeam Wireless. That organization is really just at the early stages of formulating its management team and its go-to-market strategy. I think you'll see them in the coming year be in the market with products. They're out there right now talking with customers. I think, again, early days, but we're starting to see some early orders flow. Some of that is proof of concept. Some of it is actual revenue. But we're optimistic that, that business will take off and really demonstrate to the market the unique the unique broadcast or benefits of a broadcast spectrum for high-speed data transmission.

And Steven Cahall with Wells Fargo will have our next question.

And I joined a little late, so I apologize if I ask anything that causes you to repeat yourself. On the regulatory process around TEGNA, the press has had a lot of information about the direction of the FCC. I think that one seems increasingly clear at least of the conclusion we're going to get. The DOJ is a little more of a black box, and I think the initial commentary is you expect minimal divestitures. I was just wondering if you could give us the latest and greatest on what your perception is as to how the DOJ is now looking at markets and what sort of a precedent this transaction could be kind of the future of how the DOJ looks at broadcast ownership within markets.

And then also just a question on synergies. TEGNA has some good digital advertising businesses. I'm guessing that scale helps in political cycles. I don't think any of those benefits are in your synergy guidance. Do you have any experience with these from deals like Tribune or even CW that you could share in terms of where there could be some opportunities for kind of 1 plus 1 equals more than 2 in some of those revenues over time?

Craig -- I'm sorry, Steven, on the regulatory front, as I said earlier, we have provided reams of information to DOJ and studies from economists that we've hired that talk about the definition of the marketplace and the need for a redefinition of video, which is where we compete. And obviously, we provided that information, but we, at this point, have not had any definitive feedback as to how they're interpreting that information.

As to the topic of divestitures, we have had no conversations about divestitures at all at this point in the process. Not to say that it won't come up later in the process. But again, we continue to maintain that if there were divestitures, it would be a minimal percentage and not meaningful to the deal. And so I think the agencies -- the DOJ is meant to be a black box, disclosures there are not required to be public. But I have read the information that we provided and the economic studies that I think are highly, highly credible and very, very convincing. But it is obviously up to the folks at the DOJ, and there's been some change in personnel there. And so other folks are getting up to speed, but it's up to the DOJ and to the FCC to render their opinion and ultimately to come to a decision.

But we feel very good about the work that's been done, the information that's been provided, the endorsements we've had and the stage at which we are in the process. So we're very confident that we will get to a finish line in the time frame that we outlined.

And then on the synergies, I would just say, Steve, on the digital side, as Perry mentioned earlier, TEGNA has this business, Premion, which is really focused on the CTV end market, which we know is growing very nicely. And so we're excited about the opportunity to bring our stations to bear in that market in a little bit of a bigger way. So we're feeling positive about that. But you're correct. We have not put any revenue synergies other than the retrans synergies that we've talked about previously into our synergy number.

And then with respect to political, I think we -- it all -- as you know, that all comes down to what market is it, where there's a contested election and where do the dollars need to go. And so to the -- one of the things that we thought was going to be beneficial about this transaction is it does give us more exposure to some of those political markets. We have a presence in Georgia, but we didn't have a presence in Atlanta. They've got some great stations in Maine that is a contested election market. They've got a station in Toledo, Ohio, which could also be a good political market for us. So -- and Phoenix, Arizona is the other one where they have a larger market or a larger station than we do there. So all of those things, we think, should accrue to the political picture going forward, and we're optimistic on getting this deal closed in advance of the cycle this year.

And next, we'll hear from Jason Bazinet with Citi.

Okay. At risk of sharing my own ignorance, I'm going to ask this question. I think you said on the call that you think that digital ads will exceed your national ad revenues. And I think the last time you disclosed digital ad revenues is around $400 million. And I sort of think of your national ad revenues as being at The CW network and would have said it's already bigger than your national ads. So what am I missing?

Yes. So I think all you're really missing there is that CW is national advertising, but it's really like a subsegment of that, right, network national advertising. We also have significant national advertising at our stations, which are national buyers that then look to place their ads in local markets. So those are -- that's the other piece that we refer to as national.

That will conclude the question-and-answer session. I would now like to turn the floor back to Perry Sook for closing remarks.

Thank you, operator. I appreciate everyone joining us today, and we're very pleased at the results that we were able to post for 2025, strong financial results solidly in line with our expectations that we set last year at this time.

Despite the changing media landscape, our performance demonstrates that we have both durability and stability in our broadcast model and the operational execution expertise of this management team. We look forward to closing our pending acquisition of TEGNA and bringing that operational expertise to bear on our synergy plan and reinforcing our position as the largest local broadcast company in the United States.

Thank you for your continued support over the last 22 years of quarterly earnings calls, and we look forward to updating you on our next earnings call in about 90 days' time. Thank you. Have a great day.

Thank you. This does conclude today's teleconference. You may now disconnect your lines.

I'm very pleased to announce our next speaker, Perry Sook, the Founder, Chairman and CEO of Nexstar; and Lee Ann Gliha, CFO. Thanks for being here.

Thanks for having us.

Maybe let's start with discussing the key highlights in Nexstar's 2025 and what your priorities are as we look out into 2026.

Well, I think in 2026, our first priority is closing a pending acquisition. And we're doing a lot of that spade work in D.C. and in diligence right now. It's occupying a lot of our time. We have a pretty well-worn playbook to get that done. And so we're just working through the steps in the process. I think the other thing that we're doing is, as we have assembled all of these assets, we have stood up a team for selling these assets and selling cross-platform. And so we're just beginning to plumb the depths of what's possible there, network deals with regional station group add-ons and things like that, starting to generate some meaningful revenue for us, and we're starting to see a little uplift in our ad support as a result of that. Obviously, we have a lot of -- pardon me, distribution deals up between now and the end of the year with the traditional MVPD universe. And so we are knee deep in negotiations on all of those as well. So there's a lot going on and -- but I think the way we've deployed the team, we have the bandwidth to execute at a high level on all the tasks in front of us.

Okay. So let's dive into the TEGNA merger. Can you provide us an update on the regulatory process and your thoughts on President Trump's recent comments regarding the merger?

Sure. Well, process related. I think the encouraging thing from my standpoint is that the FCC put our transaction on public notice literally a little more than a week after they received it after the government reopened after the shutdown. So I think that's encouraging to me that we're in the public comment phase which runs through the end of the month, and then there'll be reply comments through the end of January. And at that point, the FCC will have gathered all of the information they need to process the transaction. So I think that's good news. I think their expedient manner in which they put the transaction on public notice now kind of means the DOJ and the FCC are on a similar time line in terms of working through their processes. As you know, the DOJ did not close during the government shutdown. And so we got and began to comply with the second request letter immediately. And so that will be done in the first quarter as well.

So I'll be spending 4 of the next 9 days in Washington, D.C. meeting with regulators, meeting with folks on the Hill to continue to extol the virtues of the transaction and work through the process of getting it done. As it relates to the tweets that the President has made, listen, I think he is very attuned to what's going on in the media space. First and foremost, we wouldn't be contemplating this transaction if he weren't in the White House. So it's President Trump and his policies towards deregulation and Chairman Carr's desire to deregulate and free the local media industry from these artificial and antiquated constraints, created a window of opportunity that we're now attempting to push on that open door.

So I certainly believe that the President is entitled to any opinion he might have. But I don't think this will be the only tweaks you'll ever see on this transaction, the potential Netflix transaction or any other derivative that might come from that, he's going to weigh in because he is very attuned to the media, and he is going to make sure that his opinion is known not only in Washington by the counterparties involved in the transaction. And I certainly respect that.

Right. Yes, it's odd that you're the second presentation in a row where I've asked what do you think of the President's tweets, but yes, here we are.

Well, I told our team, I said, listen, we're in the public comment period this month and next month. And so a lot of people will have things to say about the transaction. And so we will be whipsawed. But -- and people may choose to try and trade on that. I certainly respect everybody's business model. But I said we need to not pay attention to noise. We need to keep our heads down and do the work and when the transaction is actionable when it's gone through all the regulatory processes, that's the time to have other considerations. But until that point, there's not too much I think to get excited about right now.

In the FCC, I mean, I've followed Chairman Carr and previously Commissioner Carr on Twitter and just his writings and he strikes me as very deregulation focused, as you said and clearing out the clutter and a lot of these sort of legacy rules that sort of serve no purpose in a modern sort of media world. It would seem that -- I mean, it just again, following him for years, it would seem like the FCC is not going to be much of a problem for you. I mean what -- do you think that the FCC is influenced by what comes down in the White House?

Well, I think that the Chairman Carr is going to want to know that there is political support for what he's going to be doing as well. And I think there's also a sense of urgency to move through this process before the midterm elections, while all 3 houses of government are kind of aligned philosophically towards deregulation and towards removing antiquated and outdated regulations and allowing businesses to grow and prosper and I've been on record saying I think we'll have more tailwinds than headwinds economically in 2026.

So -- but I agree with you, the Chairman Carr, going back to his time as a Commissioner said that these rules don't make any sense. In fact, we've got a lot of rules on the books that don't make any sense. And he's already taken steps to delete rules, some rules around telegraph and other things that make no sense to exist. This is another step in that process. And my job is to make sure that we've complied with the regulatory process, but also I've been spending time on the hill to make sure that the political support, we had 24 or 26 senators send a letter to Chairman Carr, and it was somewhat bipartisan calling for deregulation of the industry and elimination of the ownership cap. And so I just want to make sure that we continue to remind people as to why this transaction is in the public interest and that he then will have political support to do what he knows from a regulatory perspective is the right thing to do.

Right. And where do you stand with the DOJ. The DOJ is a little bit more sort of black box to me. In the past, we've had some okay contact there, but you said that they're on about the same time line. Just what's your sort of -- or what's the read you're getting from the DOJ in the processs?

Well, we have meetings calendared that with the DOJ, not only staff but front office personnel to talk through the transaction and our rationale for it, and they'll have the opportunity to ask questions. And obviously, all of that will go on during the pendency of our fulfilling the second request letter, which will probably be done mid-first quarter, we'll have all of the information that they've requested to them. And I -- listen, I think it's an interactive process, and -- and I think they do rely very specifically to -- rely on very specifically to data-driven arguments. We have a little -- they're probably more -- we have more economists on retainer right now that are probably at this conference, and we are working through the economic arguments as well as the definitional arguments and trying to provide as much data as we can to allow them to make the best decision that they can.

Got it. I know a lot of times, you don't like sort of -- or people don't like sort of prejudging the deal, but what divestitures are you expecting to make to close the deal?

Too early to tell. Nobody has brought up divestitures, but we're also pretty early in the process.. We've said that based on our analysis of the deal, if there are any divestitures, they're going to be relatively immaterial to the overall transaction size, value and industrial logic.

Maybe let's talk about some of the financial benefits for the deal. You've spoken about $300 million in EBITDA synergies. Maybe if you can give us some more detail on sort of where those savings come from, over what time they're realized and sort of any other sort of financial benefits?

Yes. I'll take that. So $300 million of synergies is about 45% coming from net retrans, 55% coming from operating expense synergies. We anticipate that the substantial majority of those synergies are going to be realized within the first 12 months of the transaction. The -- on the expense side of things, it's really coming down to a few different buckets. Obviously, corporate overhead being 1 of them. You don't need 2 CFOs. You don't need 2 presidents. We also then have a number of back-office services and hubs that we utilize to service multiple stations. Can we add additional stations into those hubs and leverage those a little bit better instead of having 2 separate hubs, yes, we can do that. There's also been really just general market efficiencies.

We look at how we operate our stations, how they operate their stations. There's a lot of opportunity there in terms of how efficiencies that we can deploy. And then obviously, the largest component of the operating expense synergies is the overlap markets. We have significant 35 of the 51 markets are overlapped, and that's where you really can operate 2 television stations off of 1 infrastructure. And so there'll be cost synergies that will occur with respect to that as well. We do have some onetime costs that will be incurred in order to execute those. We included that in the purchase price when we announced it. And I would say we also have some probably more medium-term synergies that we haven't really baked in or quantified yet, and that really just comes down to facility consolidation. We have 2 buildings in a market, generally, they own their station. We own our station. So can we move these groups together and then execute on the sale of 1 of the properties, eliminate all of the property taxes and the utilities costs and so on and so forth. But that's going to take a little bit of a longer time frame to execute.

And what's the leverage of the combined company post the deal? And then what's the target and sort of what's the time line to get to it?

Yes. So prior to the acquisition, we were around 3.2x leverage, pro forma, we think will be in the 4-ish range. And then we're going to look to delever as quickly as we can, which we think we'll get back to around where we are sometime in '28.

Got it. And then obviously, we're not really through this one yet. But how do you see the sort of the market progressing from there? Would you be interested in additional M&A? Or do you think you're going to see further consolidation in the broadcast world?

I think both will happen. I mean, we would continue to have an interest in follow-on M&A. If you look at our company, you have to look at it through a local lens, right? We own and operate stations. We've chosen to play in the local end of the media ecosystem. We have a national cable network and we have a national broadcast network. Those were both outgrowth of the substantial station group that we have. And so anything that would be adjacent to local or additional local stations, but even other businesses in markets that could be sold and administered locally, I think, are all things that we would be interested in and our goal is to compete for the largest share of wallet in the marketplace, not just the TV dollars, but TV and digital is about 4.5, 5x what linear TV is by itself. And so let's focus on the piece of the iceberg that's below the water line that has the potential to create the most value. So we will continue to look at M&A, but it's got to be actionable, accretive and make more industrial logic than buying back our own stock.

Got it. Maybe we could pivot to the advertising market. We talked a little bit about the panel this morning, Fox, [indiscernible] is here. So like things are pretty strong. How would you guys characterize the health of the advertising market? And maybe what are your expectations as you look out into '26?

Yes. I mean we're seeing actually some good positive momentum in the advertising market. In the connection with our third quarter earnings, we had indicated that we thought that our fourth quarter nonpolitical advertising would be down very low-single digits. We now actually think it will be slightly up in the fourth quarter. So we're feeling good about that. We had some later buys in the quarter than we normally have seen. And so that's -- we view that as a positive signal. We haven't provided any guidance yet into '26. We'll do that in connection with our fourth quarter earnings results, but there's a number of things that are going to happen next year, which could be positive for us. Number one, being political. Number 2 being FIFA is going to be in the U.S. and in a good time zone for most of the matches. And then we have the Olympics in Milan as well. In addition, there's just more sports on broadcast in general. That's really not that quantifiable, but there's a number of special events that are happening this year that we think will be positive as Perry said, more tailwinds than headwinds going into '26.

And the midterms in particular, is how do you -- how would you sort of stack up the political situation and sort of the races and whether the races are competitive versus what we've seen in maybe previous midterms. I mean do you think we're going to continue on this track of growing political spend as we compare to the last midterms?

Yes. I mean if you look at sort of the last 3 cycles of just both presidential and midterm, Nexstar has generated about $0.5 billion of revenue from political advertising. And really, it sort of -- it depends on the cycle, there could be a lot of initiative, money on the ballot or you have additional presidential expense that just sort of varies. The beauty of the Nexstar portfolio is that we are so broad. And we typically, if you look at it, we're in 80% to 90% of the contested election market. So when you kind of look over time, we have a pretty stable ability to look at what market share we will have of political or political advertising spending, and that tends to be a low teens share. And really, what the benefit is there is 1 market gets hot, that's great. If 1 market goes cold, the money can go from the cold market to the hot market usually we're in a position to capture it.

As far as '26 goes, we have again, we'll put out our formal guidance in connection with our year-end earnings results. But ad impact of some good research. They've said they think that the -- I think the '25, '26 cycle, they expect to be up about 20% versus the '23, '24 cycle, most of that incremental going to CTV, but they do expect broadcast advertising to be about flattish from cycle to cycle. So we anticipate that we'll get our fair share of the dollars.

Got it. So some streaming companies have suggested that global advertising will become a major part of CTV advertising and TV. Do you agree with that? And how can you capture local advertising if it -- how will you capture local advertising if it shifts to streaming?

Yes. We're already capturing CTV on the local side. That is a portion of what we call digital because what we do is we will sell audience extension products to our local advertisers. And I think where we really feel like we have a benefit is that we have those feet on the street. We have 1,600 local sales force members that have relationships with 40,000 SMBs, and we're able to be in that position to help those local advertisers not only benefit from the wonderful proposition that linear television has for them, but also to be able to help access CTV for them.

Any interest in moving into streaming with your existing assets? Or is there anything you could do to sort of address that market? And then what would the strategy like [indiscernible]?

I think on the CTV side or on the streaming side of things, I think we are already kind of doing that. We have -- the CW has its own app, which is an AVOD app. And then we are also in the process of rolling out CTV apps for each of our local television stations. So we really feel like what Nexstar does the best is we provide programming, and we provide that programming across any platform that's available. So if you want to get your programming from cable, we'll be there. If you want to get your programming over IP, we will be there as well. And that's really just the job of our -- job 1 for us is to produce good programming that is going to be interesting for the audience no matter where they are.

And obviously, with streaming, it's a process of building scale, right? And so we are engaged in partnership discussions that could allow us to have access to more scale and higher ability to monetize and so we'll obviously keep you posted on those discussions as they continue to evolve.

Great. Perry, in your sort of opening comments, you talked about some of the distribution deals that are being renewed with the MVPDs in '26. Can you give us a sort of a lay of the land in terms of what you expect from the negotiations in '26 and should investors expect an acceleration in retrans revenue?

Well, historically, we've been able to achieve when we renegotiated an agreement, a decent step-up in rates in the first year from the deal that was done 3 years vintage. And so we expect that this round of renewals will exhibit the same. Historically, we've been able to outrun the rate of attrition by those rate increases and deliver positive growth in net retrans growth. And we think that, again, we'll see a continuation of that trend. We do begin to bump up against the law of large numbers in terms of the same percentage on a much higher base is harder to achieve because the dollars have to come from somewhere. But we do expect that we will continue to show growth in both gross and net retrans in '26.

You've previously suggested that there is 1 more cycle of retrans price increases before leveling off. Does that idea still hold? Or does the TEGNA merger give you enough leverage to support retrans growth for a longer period of time?

Yes, I think it still holds. I mean, we are still underpaid versus the eyeballs we deliver to the bundle and the revenue we get from that bundle. And so until we get to parity, I'm going to believe that we are underpaid. And I think if what I believe will happen over time is that some of these long-tail cable networks get pushed out of the basic bundle onto interest tiers, cooking tier, crime tier, romance tier, whatever they are. We already have kind of sports tiers, right? So that makes more money available to be a portion to the channels that people actually watch, which the broadcast -- the local broadcast stations in aggregate dwarf all of the cable universe in aggregate. And we believe that continues to be true, particularly with the continued migration of live sports to the broadcast medium.

And I think that we have been an object less than that with the CW and with our local stations where we've been able to do deals with sports teams and move them from cable to broadcast and in every one, we have delivered a larger audience than their historic numbers have been, whether that's NASCAR, whether that's the Texas Rangers in Dallas. It's pretty much the same story. It's just a question of how many of those deals you can access and how many of them you can do profitably because, again, reading the financial statements from the bottom up, we're very interested in making sure that we make money.

Right. So do you think the process of Versant being cleaved off of NBC and maybe to a lesser extent because there's no broadcast involved, but what it looks like the Discovery Global Network sort of being -- losing an NBA and then being carved off of Warner Brothers, does that accelerate that process where you're getting -- sort of more of the resources of the bundle can accrue to the broadcasters, which are obviously much more sort of sports specific. I just think that these assets are going to have sort of less bargaining power with the distributors. And that -- and my view sort of gives you guys sort of somewhat more bargaining power. Is that -- so that process you laid out, is that...

Yes, that's the way we look at the world. Yes, we think that plays out. It plays out over time. We also think, as we've been saying for half a dozen years that we think the rate of attrition will decline until it becomes virtually nonexistent, which there is 1 analyst that is reporting that growth in video subs this quarter and there's 1 MVPD that has said the same thing. Now we haven't seen it in the numbers they report to us yet. But if that's the direction we're headed, we think that has the potential to underwrite the value proposition of the entire industry because it's no longer the existential doom that will this revenue stream goes to 0, your paid TV subscribers go to 0. And we've been saying, no, it will eventually level out and moderate. And we think that, that's happening versus the bear case. And I think people would think about the inherent values of the companies, if there's a kind of a floor or a foundation under that particular revenue stream.

Great. Are you seeing better reverse retrans terms now that a lot of network feeds are on streaming services? And how does net retrans evolve going forward?

First of all, yes. And second of all, our conversations with our network partners are that we pay you for 2 things as a network partner. We pay you for the content, and we pay you for exclusivity. To the extent your content is less and less or in a couple of cases, non-exclusive to us. it inherently has less value. And when you look at pro forma for the transaction, the acquisition of TEGNA, we will be the largest affiliate group of every 1 of the 4 basic networks. We're already the largest affiliate group for CW and that will only grow. And so I think our seat at the table is entirely different than others' seat at the table, and I think we'll be able to press for certain things in our affiliation renewals that may be smaller companies with only a handful of network affiliates who have any particular ilk are going to be able to achieve.

So I don't think it will be one-size-fits-all solution, but I do think that we will benefit increasingly from our scale and our bargaining position vis-a-vis the traditional networks.

Makes sense. Where does the CW stand in terms of profitability? And when do you expect to reach breakeven?

Well, we're getting there, right? We started with a very, very negative business. And we've been every quarter after quarter, year-over-year have been improving it. Our expectation is this year, we're going to improve profit by I think, around 25% versus last year. And then next year, we will achieve profitability at some point during the year is our current plan. So we've done that by really more than having the programming costs while at the same time, increasing the amount of hours of programming by 40% and transforming the composition of the hours of programming to be about more than 40% from sports. So we feel very proud of what we've done so far on the network side. And I think that profitability discussion only tells you part of the story.

The other piece is what's happening on our stations aside of the equation because the network is just the network, but we have a number of CW affiliates, and that was 1 of the primary reasons for the acquisition to begin with. But by the fact that we have owned the network, we were able to bring back a number of those affiliates onto Nexstar stations, and that's been very profitable for us. And so when you look at the sort of totality of everything, it's been a good deal for us.

Great. [indiscernible]. NASCAR has obviously done well year-to-date. Does this give you confidence in acquiring additional sports rights to add to NASCAR?

Yes, it does. I mean, there's got to be something that's actionable. And we moved as fast as we did with NASCAR and with ACC and with Pac-12 and wwe because we looked at the kind of cascade of rights renewals and other than NBA, which we didn't think we would be cost competitive on and we weren't, and MLB, which we weren't really sure what the opportunity would be there, and it obviously is a short-term opportunity. But basically, the rest of the sports rights really don't mature until 2030 or later, NFL could opt out in '29 and renegotiate, so we locked up what we did, and we're glad we did when we did because I'm not sure we could make those same deals on those same terms today given increased competition.

We feel good about the portfolio. There's 1 more announcement to come before the end of the year, which will add some incremental sports inventory. And I tell people all time, we're playing moneyball, right? We -- we're not going to outbid too many people for too many things, but what we have targeted is sports that are on streaming or on cable that have suffered a decline because of their distribution. And we've been able to move to broadcast in with everything, ACC, NASCAR, WWE, we've been able to show audience increases over where they were a year ago and where they were in the case of NASCAR, the best numbers in 5 years. And so it's demonstrable.

I think that's why NBC went after the NBA. I think that's why ABC put more and more of their NFL packages on the ABC network as opposed to ESPN. And so we think it's been validated. We think we validated, other networks validated as well. We think it's a movement, and I think everybody understands it. And so where we have the opportunity to compete, we will, but we're not going to bet the farm on something that we hope works out, it's going to have to -- we will continue to have financial discipline around our sports acquisition as well as we have every other acquisition.

What's driving the improvement in NASCAR? Is it just better, more contested races or why -- any sense for why things have improved there?

I think it's pretty simple. I mean, -- you know that if you want to watch the Xfinity race that it's going to be on the same channel, the same network every weekend, and you don't have to worry about, okay, is this on Fox? Or is this on cable? Or is this on streaming? Or is this on NBC with the Cup series. And I'm not criticizing those decisions because they made deals that we couldn't compete with monetarily there. But I think the fact that people want simplicity in their entertainment, I think. And the fact that Jim France, who runs NASCAR says -- he lives in Orlando [indiscernible] "I know my race is going to be on Channel 18 in Orlando every Saturday. I know where to find it, I don't have to fuss with it, right?" So that's his words not mine, but I think that rings true for a large part of America and the viewing public and certainly the NASCAR audience.

Yes. And my dad, thanks you as a massive NASCAR fan. I'm sure he appreciates it. You've been outspoken about the benefits of sunsetting STC 1 and moving to 3.0. Can you walk through the benefits and the financial implications for Nexstar?

Well, sure. I mean, if we can move quicker to ATSC 3.0. It's just a more efficient use of the spectrum. It's an IP-based transmission which allows 4K video and HDR high-definition audio reception. And so that makes a better consumer experience, but it's also more efficient use of the spectrum. So when I think about non-video use of the remainder of the spectrum, a, there's more of it to play with to sublease. And I think it's a tremendous opportunity. Things get valued on a per pop basis in the digital world. They get valued on a per sub basis in distribution revenue. And so to me, the 2 are not wholly disconnected there. And I think that when I look at high-speed data transmission, GPS-based services, video to the connected car that's entertainment or navigation or whatever, those are all the kind of wonky things.

We're into distributed power and precision agriculture with driverless tractors and things like that. The sooner we can sunset the simulcast requirement, which is 1.0, it frees up more spectrum to experiment with. We developed this spectrum consortia called EdgeBeam with Sinclair, Gray and Scripps and TEGNA is not a part of that. But when we acquired TEGNA, their spectrum will become a part of that. So we will have, by far, more actionable spectrum and 3.0 spectrum than any other operator in the company, so -- in the country. And so we look at that as our mineral rights and our opportunity to develop another revenue stream, not dependent on a network, not dependent on anything other than our distribution, a backup GPS system for the country, which we don't have. We're the only industrialist country in the world that doesn't have a backup GPS.

We could deliver a treasure alternative to a satellite-based alternative, which is superior to having a backup being just another satellite in the sky. So -- and there's a national interest in doing that. So we think it works on a lot of levels and that we will -- ultimately, it's a voluntary process today. I think we will put a stake in the ground as to when we will plan to transfer -- eliminate 1.0 and transfer to 3.0 only. And I think you will hear -- you will see that date established before the end of the decade. As the data establish, we'll establish it before then. But I think that we will pick a transition date before the end of the decade, and we may even try to do a transaction -- a transition in a market or 2 earlier, just so we and the industry can learn what the transition looks like almost as a laboratory.

There's -- and so we have a whole work group that is focused on that. But the point is, I've said historically that I think non-video uses of our spectrum could generate as much revenue 5 years from now, 8 years from now, that distribution revenue does today, and that's about $14 billion for the industry. And for us, it's 25% of that. So we think it's a -- even if I'm wrong by 50%, and it's $1 billion of incremental revenue if that falls at a 90% EBITDA margin because you're just -- it's just lease activity, that's a substantial increase in equity value and per share value, I think, in the company.

So it's work worth doing. It's hard. It's not impossible. And that's -- I had a speech with kind of the TEGNA senior management team and I said, our focus is on closing the transaction. But here are the things I want to work on the day after and spectrum monetization and the push toward that is certainly at the very high end of the to-do list.

Right. And does the monetization really not start until the end of the decade once you've cleared -- once you've cleared the spectrum and converted from 1.0 to 3.0. And then is there any sort of -- are there any sort of CapEx or sort of spending ramifications to sort of harness the benefits of that?

No, that's the beauty. We're already build out these towers, these 3.0 lighthouses that need to be converted to individual sticks, but they already exist. And so the CapEx is fairly minimal to build out fully. Now we'll transition to the end-to-end consumer experience over time as we replace cameras and production equipment and things, just like we did from analog to digital. And so I think that will happen on a different track than the B2B opportunity that we see -- but no, I think that we will see revenue -- the consortia should have its first paying customer in first quarter. That will not be life-changing revenue, but it will certainly be beyond the proof of concept.

Right now, we're in proof of concept with auto manufacturers, with other folks that are interested in fleet management, that's interested in an enhanced GPS. And so we're doing a lot of proof of concept. We did with 1 auto manufacturer. We drove up and down the hills of San Diego, and it was kind of can you hear me now? Did the signal state on the monitor in the backseat head rest for the entire time. And it did. And so we're moving from the test phase to a proof-of-concept phase and we'll begin to -- you'll see some money start to flow in 2026. And I think it will be hockey stick, right? And if that position happens, '29, '30, then that's when I think you'll see a real acceleration. But I think you'll see real revenue increasingly over the next couple of years, begin to -- begin to show up.

Great. And maybe just wrapping up back where we started at the TEGNA deal, what are the sort of next milestones we should expect maybe over the next few weeks or months that sort of hopefully will make you feel -- guys feel better about the transaction maybe from the DOJ or from the FCC? Or what are the next things to look out for?

Well, I mean, we have to go through this public comment period in December and January. Obviously, the January will be reply comments. So if somebody files something and there are material misstatements of facts, we'll have the chance to address that in our reply comments and others can file reply comments as well. So I think that once we get to the end of that bleeding cycle, there won't -- the FCC won't be requiring any additional information to process the transaction. We have meetings scheduled at the DOJ with not only the career staff but the front office staff. And those will be very interactive, right? They'll be asking questions. We'll be asking questions.

We'll see from those questions, what they're most interested in, and that will inform our response going forward. And so we're not going to make any of that public obviously. But we're just in a process now. And so there won't really be unless the Chairman decides to drop a rule-making on something as part of the quadrennial review or the national ownership cap, which is a discussion, which is now a closed proceeding, he has what he needs. There's no more public comment there. So I would see that when Lee Ann starts to go to the market for financing, we feel pretty good about getting to the finish line. So that would be one that might be of interest to everybody.

Okay. We'll look out for that. All right. Perry, Lee Ann, I really appreciate you guys being here.

Great. Thank you. Thanks for having us.

Thank you.

Okay. Thank you. I'm Steve Cahall, media analyst at Wells Fargo. And for our next fireside, I'm fortunate enough to be joined by Perry Sook and Lee Ann Gliha from Nexstar, and there's a lot going on in the sector. So we'll dive right in.

Perry, Nexstar has never been shy about making bold moves in M&A. You did Media General, you did Tribune, CW. And I think TEGNA probably by enterprise value is the biggest move you've made and maybe even the boldest because the FCC is in the process of potentially making changes. I think you said that you're meeting them at the regulatory moment, something that Chairman, Carr, has kind of talked about all year long. So where are we, in your view, in terms of that process that you're meeting? And what can we expect to happen next as we track the merger towards the deregulation?

Sure. Well, today, obviously, the TEGNA shareholders had their special meeting and approved the transaction with a 98% affirmative vote. So we can check that box off. That's a positive step in the process. We will be completing the filing of our FCC applications any moment now. And that will then allow the FCC to begin their process now that the government has reopened. The DOJ was open during the pendency of the government shutdown.

So we continue to submit documents, got our second request for submitting the documents on that side. So all the processes that need the work are in the process of working and now it just takes time to go through the regulatory machinery and we will be responsive to their questions and information requests and continue to move toward the finish line.

And the FCC, I think, we've been able to track, especially with Chairman Carr's public appearances, going back almost a year now. The DOJ, to me has always been an agency that we have a lot less insight into in terms of how they think about things and particularly how they look at station overlaps. So knowing the FCC duopoly rule has been vacated. What do you think has changed at the DOJ or could be changing in terms of how they may look at antitrust since I think you've said that you expect divestitures to be pretty minimal for the transaction.

Well, they've been -- the conversations that our team has had with their team have been constructive. The kinds of questions they've asked, they've been open to information and new information, which I think indicates a willingness and interest in looking at all of this with an open mind, which is very positive. And when I met with the DOJ earlier this year, which was before we had come to terms and announced TEGNA transaction, just talking about the regulatory environment.

When we talked about the rules, I said, you either need to define television differently or your definition of market needs to change. When you look at all the competitive forces, particularly a big tech that now is -- Amazon is marshaling local advertising sales forces in local markets, in addition to taking sports rights, content, talent, and they can reach every screen in America, whether it's in your pocket or in your car or in your living room. And we're kept small to 39%, yet we have these public interest obligations.

We provide local news, and we think it's in the national interest that you support this industry and allow it to survive and prosper. And my 2 remarks I always make are, no one wants their news delivered by a chatbot, which if we don't make any changes, that's where we will ultimately end up. And big tech doesn't lead a coat drive in Dayton, which we announced yesterday and lead flood relief or SNAP benefit relief in West Virginia. And our local news people live in their local communities, they are pillars of the local community. And I think that, that service that we provide of content and B2C communication is essential.

And I think the Republic would have a best interest in retaining a free and independent press. And so there's no one that I have met that can defend the current rules with a straight face. And they all realize the rules need to change. And what we're trying to do now is give them the motivation to act on them rather than just hypothetically discuss them. And I think we'll meet that moment. And I think the government and the agencies, and I don't want to prejudge anybody's outcome. But the Trump administration and Brendan Carr, the FCC, have indicated their interest and willingness in deregulating.

They want to be pro-business, pro-economic growth and realize that local press is always accounted for as the most trustworthy of all the sources for news and information. So that's what we provide. And we think that the intersection of all of those things coming together is the moment that we're trying to take full advantage of in terms of bringing this transaction to the fore.

I mean it's interesting that while, I think, the FCC process gets the most attention, a change to the DOJ could have just as big of an impact on the industry and the ability to consolidate. So because we can kind of see what the Chairman's viewpoint is, what do you think will be the first proof point of we kind of see where the DOJ is in this regulatory moment?

Yes. I don't know that there really is one because the DOJ is a -- I mean, the process there is private, where the FCC, the filings are public, public can comment on them. We can reply to those comments. There's no process like that at the DOJ. So I think that the next point is when we certify that we have complied with all of the information requests contained in the second request letter, and then that will start again their 30-day clock under HSR to determine whether they want to further contest or will let the transaction stand to be approved.

So TEGNA will undoubtedly require a lot of integration work. I think it's something you've built some muscle memory in over the years with the acquisitions. I think you've also indicated that this isn't probably the last transaction that you intend to pursue. So how do we just think about post this transaction, sort of pro forma for what the company will look like? What do you start to prioritize from there? Is it national networks to complement the CW, news like NewsNation, larger DMAs? Just anything that would be at the top of your agenda.

Yes. Look, I think we are -- I always say we can desire what we want to desire, but you always have to have a willing seller if you are going to complete a transaction. So part of what the calculus is what's available for us to look at over time. I think historically, what we've said is, yes, having additional reach for the CW is a priority, being in larger markets is good for us because there's more synergy and opportunity and revenue benefit from that perspective. So from a transaction perspective of the -- station varietal, those are the types of things I think we would look for.

And we've chosen to specialize in the local end of the pool. And so our news network has been an outgrowth of our foundation of local journalism. Our acquisition of the CW was what was in the best interest of those stations and how can we make both the network and the stations more valuable. So we will continue to focus on local when other folks will focus on national streaming and things like that.

And then just lastly on the M&A topic. So you've talked to the $300 million in EBITDA synergies. They seem pretty conservative, at least based on some other transactions that some peers have looked at. But I think Tribune is probably the best analog of how I would kind of think about where these synergies come from. So maybe timing and sort of components, any additional detail you can add?

Yes. So of the $300 million, we have looked at Tribune. It's very -- it lines up very similarly. It's about 45% of those synergies coming from net retrans and 55% coming from operating expense synergies. On the operating expense side, it's really a combination of 3 or 4 different areas, 1 being just corporate overhead. You don't need 2 CFOs. You don't need 2 general counsels, you don't need 2 auditors. Those types of things can come right off the top. There's various hubs that we have that do our billing and do our traffic and do our master control and those things can be expanded to take on more -- it's more of the services that we provide to those stations without really doubling up those sizes. And then there's the in-market consolidation, we've got about 35 of the 51 markets are -- markets that we're already in. So that's about 70%.

So you think about -- that kind of correlates to the amount of the synergy that we have coming out. And that's really you don't need to have 2 general managers in a market, for example. You can really operate 2, as Perry likes to say, 2 newspapers off of 1 printing press, 2 television stations off of 1 infrastructure. And so that's really where the costs come from. We've got an extremely detailed playbook. We've literally gone through and benchmarked all of their stations and their efficiencies off of our stations and our efficiencies, and that's a whole other area of synergy that we've been able to identify. And so those are the things that we'll execute.

We do expect that the substantial majority of the synergies will be able to be affected within the first year. And that really is, I think, pretty consistent with how we've been able to do these in the past.

And I would think that there is then still a long tail of sort of asset value or efficiency gain that you capture. I think there's parts of the CW that you're still realizing benefits from. So if we think about $300 million of sort of year 1, 2 synergies, is there additional kind of upside that happens over time?

I love this question. Well, yes, for sure. I mean one of the things that we have said that we did not factor into that number is facility consolidation. For the most part, we own our station locations. They own their station buildings. Do we need to have 2 buildings in a market? Probably not. But that, as you probably know, takes a little bit of time. You've got to retrofit one building. You've got to put the other building up for sale. You got to move everybody over. There's some costs associated with that and then there's obviously some tax on the sale of the property. But there should be value that kind of comes out of that, probably more in the medium term.

And then there's just the operating expense benefit you get from that as well. So you don't have to pay utilities. You don't have to pay property taxes. You don't have to pay the lawn mowing costs and things like that, that will be accretive to the EBITDA line in addition to the value. And then I'm sure, Perry likes to say, we've done our desktop analysis, but when you get into the markets and you really are there, you can really likely find some additional savings that we can have, and there will be all sorts of things that we'll find, I think, efficiencies over time with our scale.

I do not have the lawn mowing efficiencies in my...

Oh, you got to put that in there. Sometimes those lawn mowing costs, I'm always like, I can mow the lawn for less than that, but I figure it's probably not a good use of my time.

A kind of more strategic question. This is something I've thought about a lot. I mean if someone who's followed local broadcast for quite a number of years, it's just -- I think often, media investors really look at the TV world of linear and streaming at the household level, that's not true. A lot of people are very much in both, in broadcast and streaming, linear and streaming, however, you want to say it. But there is definitely an increasing cohort of Americans that have decided to live in a sort of streaming-only world. And I've always thought it's interesting that broadcast, local news isn't as well represented there as it could be. I know every station has a website, has a presence, it's certainly something I visit where I live in Austin, with, I think, [ KXAN ] is a station. But as we have these aggregators and streaming, I'm thinking things like Netflix, YouTube, maybe Roku, they're looking for content all the time. And soon, you're going to reach 80% of the country with local news specific to every market.

So I'm just wondering how you think about your scale sort of matching into the streaming world and being able to deliver local news sort of locally at scale maybe through some of these platforms over time.

I think there's 3 pieces to that question that need to be responded to. First of all, don't assume we haven't had some of those conversations. We're not going to give things away. That's not a free, it's not a good business model, at least it hasn't been. However, we are free over the air. So why did people go to streaming. They're trying to reach consumers that are outside of a paywall environment. We started that way, right? We're free over the air.

So I think we're already -- everybody is trying to replicate what we have, which is ubiquitous reach and we do that. And by the way, that is free. And so to do the same thing twice and spend billions of dollars on it never made a lot of sense to me. Having said that, I think that we also drive a substantial amount of revenue from the pay TV universe today. And I think the last thing we want to do is to take on an adversary or relationship with a distribution partner just for the sake of saying, oh, well, we're in the streaming business now and so those conversations have to be worked through as well.

So I think you've got that, the fact that we're already available to all consumers free over the air with an antenna and maybe someday to your phone with a dongle or to a laptop with the same device. But I think that from our perspective, we're providing a lot of that service. And I think the more that people look at the cumulative cost of all of their streaming options, the more that service that we offer might be more and more attractive.

On retrans, so I think the end of this year, early next, a little more than 50% comes up for renewal. I think when we've talked in the past before, Perry, I think you've said that there's maybe one still sort of solid cycle ahead for pricing to increase at the station level before it levels off. And I know as the dollars get bigger, the percentage increase probably slows. But just -- as you kind of think about sort of the outlook from here, there's a pricing component, there's a subscriber churn component. So maybe how are you feeling about the combination of factors in the next year or two?

Yes. Look, we haven't really provided a '26 guidance yet, and we will do that in '26. But I think as Perry said, we do feel like there's still opportunity to grow. You've seen in our investor deck that we continue to be under-monetized relative to the viewership that we bring to these distributors. And so feel like we are on the right side of that equation in terms of the negotiations.

Sure. A record football season doesn't hurt. .

Exactly.

It's also encouraging, Steve, that Comcast and Charter are talking about the best quarter they've had in 5 years in terms of subscriber losses, meaning best that they have lost the least. And we do see that trend continue to moderate. And so I think that is helpful. Having said that, we said in a year where we don't have a lot of subscribers up for renewal, which was 2025 -- in 2025. We said flattish gross retrans dollars and net retrans dollars, which would indicate our escalators are keeping pace with the rate of attrition. And obviously, if you go back to '24 or the first year of the new cycle, which would have been '22, we had substantial growth in the face of pretty substantial erosion. And again, the gross was outpacing the loss of subscribers.

And maybe just as a follow-up on cable. One thing I've been curious about is I cover the cable companies as well. We've certainly seen this big improvement started with Charter. You've seen it follow with Comcast given the work that they put into their video package. It's a little tougher for us to track what happens, especially on the vMVPD side of things. I'm not sure what subscriber information, like how real time it is. But do you all get the sense that the improvement in cable is a net improvement to the ecosystem rather than like a trade from one to the other just because that would be pretty material to the churn rate.

I wouldn't say we can comment on that quite yet. But I do think that the concept that the vMVPDs are going to the moon and the MVPDs are going to the floor is just not happening, right? You're seeing some impact to those VMVPDs and a lot of impact that's not showing that continued growth, just skyrocketing.

And then on the reverse compensation side. So I think now pretty much all of the network content in some way, shape or form is available in streaming, whether that's Fox One or ESPN with some of the ABC content, et cetera. And some of the peers, we've started to see some lower costs in reverse comp, which I think is reflected a little bit of this change in tone, re-recognition of the industry. So how are you thinking about kind of the opportunity ahead on the net side?

Well, we open every conversation with the networks when we're in negotiation is, I pay you for content and exclusivity. The extent your content is no longer exclusive, it is worth materially less to us. And I think we've got proof points on our own P&L that would show that costs are abating. Now when we close on TEGNA and we go to the networks and we say we're the #1 distribution, #1 affiliate group in terms of distributing your signal in the U.S., I think that those conversations can take an even more interesting turn because we obviously contribute a lot of value and it's a symbiotic relationship. I'll acknowledge that. But I think that we may be able to break some new ground there just in terms of retaining more of that value for ourselves.

And pro forma for TEGNA, have you considered any of the sort of scale benefits in the $300 million in synergy? Or just due to timing, et cetera, is that incremental to the benefit?

Yes, that's not included in the $300 million.

Yes. Okay.