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📘 Marktkapitalisierung
📈 Was ist das?
Die Marktkapitalisierung zeigt, wie viel ein Unternehmen laut Börse aktuell wert ist.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Sie hilft Unternehmen in Größenklassen (Large, Mid, Small Cap) einzuordnen und gibt Hinweise auf Marktmacht und Stabilität.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Große Unternehmen gelten als stabiler, zahlen oft Dividenden, wachsen aber langsamer.
- Kleine Firmen können stärker wachsen, sind aber schwankungsanfälliger.
- Die Marktkapitalisierung ist ein guter Indikator für Unternehmensgröße, aber kein Maß für Unter- oder Überbewertung.
📘 Enterprise Value (Unternehmenswert)
📈 Was ist das?
Der Enterprise Value (EV) zeigt, was ein Unternehmen tatsächlich kostet, wenn man es komplett übernehmen würde – inklusive Schulden und abzüglich Cash.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
(= Marktkapitalisierung + Nettoverschuldung)
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Der EV ist eine realistischere Bewertungsbasis als die Marktkapitalisierung, da er die Kapitalstruktur berücksichtigt. Er ist Grundlage für Kennzahlen wie EV/FCF oder EV/Sales.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Der Enterprise Value zeigt, was ein Unternehmen tatsächlich wert ist – unabhängig davon, wie es finanziert ist.
- Er ist besonders wichtig für professionelle Investoren, da er eine objektivere Grundlage für Bewertungsvergleiche bietet als die Marktkapitalisierung allein.
- Ein Unternehmen mit hoher Verschuldung erscheint im EV teurer, eines mit viel Cash günstiger – auch wenn sie an der Börse gleich viel wert sind.
📘 Nettoverschuldung
📈 Was ist das?
Die Nettoverschuldung zeigt, wie viele Schulden nach Abzug des verfügbaren Cashs tatsächlich verbleiben.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Sie zeigt, wie stark ein Unternehmen von Fremdkapital abhängig ist – und wie gut es in der Lage ist, seine Schulden kurzfristig zu bedienen.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Eine niedrige oder negative Nettoverschuldung bedeutet hohe finanzielle Stabilität.
- Unternehmen mit viel Cash und geringer Verschuldung sind besser gerüstet für Krisen.
- Eine hohe Nettoverschuldung erhöht das Risiko – besonders bei steigenden Zinsen oder konjunkturellen Schwächen.
📘 Cash
📈 Was ist das?
Der Cashbestand zeigt, wie viele liquide Mittel einem Unternehmen sofort zur Verfügung stehen.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Er gibt Auskunft über die finanzielle Flexibilität: Ein hoher Cashbestand ermöglicht Investitionen, Rückkäufe oder Krisenresistenz.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein hoher Cashbestand zeigt finanzielle Stärke und Handlungsspielraum.
- Cash kann für Investitionen, Schuldentilgung oder Aktienrückkäufe genutzt werden.
- Allerdings: Zu viel ungenutztes Kapital kann auch auf mangelnde Investitionsideen hinweisen.
📘 Anzahl ausstehender Aktien
📈 Was ist das?
Die Anzahl ausstehender Aktien gibt an, wie viele Aktien eines Unternehmens aktuell im Umlauf sind und von Investoren gehalten werden.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Sie ist die Grundlage für viele Kennzahlen wie Gewinn je Aktie (EPS), Marktkapitalisierung oder KGV.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Je weniger Aktien im Umlauf sind, desto höher fällt z. B. der Gewinn je Aktie aus – wichtig für Bewertung und Dividendenrendite.
- Aktienrückkäufe verringern die Anzahl ausstehender Aktien – und steigern den Wert je Aktie.
- Kapitalerhöhungen haben den gegenteiligen Effekt: mehr Aktien → Verwässerung der bestehenden Anteile.
📘 Kurs-Gewinn-Verhältnis (KGV)
📈 Was ist das?
Das KGV zeigt, wie oft der Gewinn pro Aktie im aktuellen Aktienkurs enthalten ist – also wie „teuer“ eine Aktie im Verhältnis zum Gewinn ist.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Das KGV gehört zu den bekanntesten Bewertungskennzahlen. Es hilft Anlegern einzuschätzen, ob eine Aktie im Vergleich zu ihrem Gewinn eher günstig oder teuer erscheint.
🧮 Berechnung
📊 KGV (TTM) = bezogen auf den Gewinn der letzten 12 Monate (Trailing Twelve Months):🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein niedriges KGV kann auf eine günstige Bewertung hindeuten – oder auf Probleme im Geschäftsmodell.
- Ein hohes KGV kann Wachstumserwartungen widerspiegeln – oder eine überbewertete Aktie.
📘 Kurs-Umsatz-Verhältnis (KUV)
📈 Was ist das?
Das KUV zeigt, wie viel Anleger für 1 € Umsatz eines Unternehmens zahlen – unabhängig vom Gewinn.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Das KUV ist besonders bei wachstumsstarken oder noch nicht profitablen Unternehmen hilfreich. Es zeigt, wie hoch der Umsatz an der Börse bewertet wird.
🧮 Berechnung
Marktkapitalisierung = 19,38 Mrd. kr | Umsatz (TTM) = 3,52 Mrd. kr
Marktkapitalisierung = 19,38 Mrd. kr | Umsatz erwartet = 3,25 Mrd. kr
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein niedriges KUV kann auf Unterbewertung hindeuten – oder auf schwache Margen.
- Ein hohes KUV kann hohe Erwartungen widerspiegeln – oder übermäßigen Optimismus.
- Besonders sinnvoll bei Wachstumsunternehmen, bei denen der Gewinn oder Free Cashflow (noch) keine Aussagekraft hat.
📘 Unternehmenswert zu Umsatz (EV/Sales)
📈 Was ist das?
EV/Sales zeigt, wie viel Anleger für 1 € Umsatz eines Unternehmens zahlen, wenn man auch Schulden und Cash berücksichtigt – es ist eine kapitalstrukturbereinigte Version des KUV.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Diese Kennzahl eignet sich besonders für den Vergleich von Unternehmen mit unterschiedlicher Verschuldung – sie zeigt, wie teuer ein Unternehmen tatsächlich im Verhältnis zum Umsatz ist.
🧮 Berechnung
Enterprise Value = 49,77 Mrd. kr | Umsatz (TTM) = 3,52 Mrd. kr
Enterprise Value = 49,77 Mrd. kr | Umsatz erwartet = 3,25 Mrd. kr
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- EV/Sales ist neutral gegenüber der Kapitalstruktur und eignet sich gut für Unternehmensvergleiche.
- Ein niedriges Verhältnis kann auf eine günstig bewertete Aktie hindeuten – ein hohes Verhältnis auf hohe Erwartungen oder Überbewertung.
- Besonders nützlich bei wachstumsstarken, noch nicht profitablen Firmen.
📘 Unternehmenswert zu Free Cashflow (EV/FCF)
📈 Was ist das?
EV/FCF zeigt, wie viele Jahre es dauern würde, bis ein Unternehmen seinen Unternehmenswert durch freien Cashflow „zurückverdient”.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Diese Kennzahl hilft, Unternehmen auf Basis ihrer tatsächlichen Cash-Erträge zu bewerten – unabhängig von Bilanzierungsregeln oder buchhalterischem Gewinn.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein niedriges EV/FCF deutet auf eine günstige Bewertung bei starker Cashgenerierung hin.
- Ein hohes EV/FCF kann entweder auf Optimismus oder auf temporär schwachen Cashflow hindeuten.
- Besonders hilfreich bei reifen, profitablen Unternehmen mit stabilen Cashflows.
📘 Kurs-Buchwert-Verhältnis (KBV)
📈 Was ist das?
Das KBV zeigt, wie hoch der Marktwert eines Unternehmens im Verhältnis zu seinem bilanziellen Eigenkapital ist.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Das KBV ist besonders bei Substanzwerten (z. B. Banken, Industrie) relevant. Es hilft Anlegern zu erkennen, ob ein Unternehmen unter oder über seinem buchhalterischen Vermögen bewertet ist.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein KBV unter 1 kann auf Unterbewertung oder schwache Rentabilität hindeuten.
- Ein KBV über 1 zeigt, dass der Markt dem Unternehmen Mehrwert über den Buchwert hinaus zuschreibt (z. B. Marken, Patente, Wachstum).
- Das KBV eignet sich besonders gut für Unternehmen mit stabilen, materiellen Vermögenswerten.
📘 Dividende je Aktie
📈 Was ist das?
Die Dividende je Aktie zeigt, wie viel Geld ein Unternehmen pro Aktie an seine Aktionäre ausschüttet – typischerweise jährlich oder quartalsweise.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Sie ist die absolute Größe der Auszahlung je Aktie – wichtig für alle, die regelmäßige Erträge suchen oder Dividendenstrategien verfolgen.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Eine stabile oder wachsende Dividende je Aktie ist oft ein Zeichen für ein solides Geschäftsmodell.
- Die Dividende je Aktie allein sagt aber nichts über die Rendite – dafür ist auch der Aktienkurs relevant (→ Dividendenrendite).
- Langfristig steigende Dividenden sind oft ein sehr gutes Merkmal (z. B. Dividenden-Aristokraten).
📘 Dividendenrendite
📈 Was ist das?
Die Dividendenrendite zeigt, wie hoch die Dividende eines Unternehmens im Verhältnis zum Aktienkurs ist.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Sie hilft dabei, Dividendenaktien vergleichbar zu machen – unabhängig vom absoluten Auszahlungsbetrag.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Eine stabile Dividendenrendite kann auf verlässliche Ausschüttungen hinweisen.
- Ein Vergleich der 1J- und 5J-Rendite hilft zu erkennen, ob das Dividendenwachstum mit dem Kurswachstum Schritt hält.
- Eine niedrige Rendite ist nicht zwingend negativ – sie kann auf starkes Kurswachstum hindeuten.
📘 Dividendenwachstum
📈 Was ist das?
Das Dividendenwachstum zeigt, wie stark ein Unternehmen seine Dividende je Aktie über die Zeit gesteigert hat.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
5J: durchschnittliche jährliche Wachstumsrate (CAGR)
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Stetig steigende Dividenden gelten als Zeichen für finanzielle Stärke und Aktionärsorientierung – besonders interessant für langfristige Investoren.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein stabiles Dividendenwachstum ist ein Zeichen nachhaltiger Ertragskraft.
- Ein hohes Dividendenwachstum kann ein erheblicher Hebel deiner Rendite sein:
- Wenn ein Unternehmen z. B. 1 € Dividende zahlt und diese über 5 Jahre jährlich um 15 % erhöht, bekommst du im 5. Jahr bereits 2 € je Aktie – doppelt so viel wie zu Beginn!
📘 Ausschüttungsquote (Payout)
📈 Was ist das?
Die Ausschüttungsquote zeigt, wie viel Prozent des Unternehmensgewinns (pro Aktie) als Dividende an die Aktionäre ausgeschüttet wird.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Die Quote hilft einzuschätzen, ob eine Dividende auf Dauer tragfähig ist – besonders im Verhältnis zum erzielten Gewinn.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Eine niedrige Ausschüttungsquote bedeutet: Das Unternehmen behält einen größeren Teil des Gewinns für Investitionen – typisch für Wachstumsunternehmen.
- Eine moderate Quote (z. B. 25–50 %) steht oft für ein gesundes Gleichgewicht zwischen Ausschüttung und Zukunftsinvestitionen.
- Hohe Ausschüttungsquoten können attraktiv wirken, sind aber riskanter, wenn die Gewinne schwanken oder sinken.
📘 Dividendensteigerungen in Folge (Erhöhungen)
📈 Was ist das?
Diese Kennzahl zeigt, wie viele Jahre in Folge ein Unternehmen seine Dividende pro Aktie erhöht hat – ohne Kürzung oder Aussetzung.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Ein langer Track Record kontinuierlicher Erhöhungen spricht für Verlässlichkeit, solide Finanzen und aktionärsfreundliche Unternehmenspolitik.
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein langer Zeitraum mit Dividendensteigerungen stärkt das Vertrauen – besonders in Krisenzeiten.
- Solche Unternehmen gelten als verlässlich und planbar für Einkommensinvestoren.
- Je länger die Serie, desto stärker das Commitment gegenüber den Aktionären.
📘 Umsatz
📈 Was ist das?
Der Umsatz zeigt, wie viel ein Unternehmen insgesamt mit seinen Produkten und Dienstleistungen verdient – also den Bruttoerlös vor Abzug von Kosten.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Der Umsatz ist eine der zentralen Kennzahlen zur Einschätzung der Unternehmensgröße, Marktstellung und Wachstumskraft.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein wachsender Umsatz zeigt eine steigende Nachfrage und kann ein guter Frühindikator für Gewinnsteigerungen sein.
- Vergleiche von aktuellem und erwartetem Umsatz geben Hinweise auf das Marktumfeld und Analystenerwartungen.
- Wichtig: Starker Umsatz allein genügt nicht – auch Margen und Profitabilität zählen.
📘 EBITDA
📈 Was ist das?
EBITDA steht für „Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization“ – also Gewinn vor Zinsen, Steuern und Abschreibungen. Es zeigt das operative Ergebnis eines Unternehmens, bereinigt um bilanztechnische und finanzierungsbedingte Effekte.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
EBITDA ist eine verbreitete Kennzahl zur Beurteilung der operativen Leistungsfähigkeit – insbesondere bei kapitalintensiven Unternehmen oder im internationalen Vergleich.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein hohes oder wachsendes EBITDA spricht für starke operative Erträge – unabhängig von Bilanzierung oder Steuerlast.
- EBITDA ist besonders nützlich, um Unternehmen branchenübergreifend zu vergleichen.
- Wichtig: EBITDA ist keine offizielle Gewinnkennzahl – Abschreibungen und Finanzierungskosten werden ausgeklammert.
📘 EBIT
📈 Was ist das?
EBIT steht für „Earnings Before Interest and Taxes“ – also Gewinn vor Zinsen und Steuern. Es zeigt das operative Ergebnis eines Unternehmens nach Abschreibungen, aber vor Finanzierungs- und Steueraufwand.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
EBIT ist eine zentrale Kennzahl zur Beurteilung der Profitabilität aus dem Kerngeschäft – unabhängig von Kapitalstruktur oder Steuersystem.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein hohes EBIT deutet auf ein profitables Kerngeschäft hin – vor Zinslasten oder steuerlichen Effekten.
- Es erlaubt objektivere Vergleiche zwischen Unternehmen mit unterschiedlicher Finanzierung.
- Im Vergleich mit EBITDA zeigt EBIT bereits den Einfluss von Abschreibungen auf das operative Ergebnis.
📘 Nettogewinn
📈 Was ist das?
Der Nettogewinn ist der verbleibende Jahresüberschuss (oder -fehlbetrag) eines Unternehmens – nach Abzug aller Kosten, Steuern, Zinsen und Abschreibungen
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Der Nettogewinn ist die zentrale Erfolgskennzahl – er zeigt, wie profitabel ein Unternehmen nach allen Kosten tatsächlich arbeitet.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein steigender Nettogewinn zeigt, dass das Unternehmen effizient wirtschaftet – trotz aller Kosten.
- Die Entwicklung des Gewinns beeinflusst z. B. direkt das KGV und weitere Kennzahlen.
- Im Zeitverlauf lässt sich ablesen, wie stabil und profitabel ein Geschäftsmodell wirklich ist.
📘 Free Cashflow (FCF)
📈 Was ist das?
Der Free Cashflow gibt Aufschluss über die echte finanzielle Stärke eines Unternehmens – unabhängig von Bilanzierungsregeln. Er zeigt, wie viel Spielraum für Dividenden, Aktienrückkäufe oder Schuldenabbau besteht.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
FCF reflects a company’s real financial strength – regardless of accounting profits. It shows how much flexibility a company has for dividends, share buybacks, or debt reduction.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein hoher Free Cashflow bedeutet, dass ein Unternehmen echte Finanzkraft besitzt – unabhängig vom bilanzierten Gewinn.
- Er ist oft die solideste Grundlage für nachhaltige Dividenden und Aktienrückkäufe.
- Sinkender FCF kann ein Warnsignal sein – auch wenn der Gewinn stabil aussieht.
📘 Umsatzwachstum
📈 Was ist das?
Das Umsatzwachstum zeigt, wie stark sich die Erlöse eines Unternehmens im Vergleich zum Vorjahr verändert haben – tatsächlich (TTM) und auf Prognosebasis (erwartet).
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
Erwartet = (Umsatz erwartet ÷ Umsatz Vorjahr − 1) × 100
Erwartetes Wachstum basiert auf Analystenschätzungen für das laufende Geschäftsjahr.
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Ein wachsender Umsatz ist ein zentrales Signal für steigende Nachfrage, Geschäftsausweitung und Marktanteilsgewinne – besonders bei Wachstumsunternehmen.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Wachstum ist der Motor langfristiger Wertsteigerung – besonders bei Technologie- und Wachstumsaktien.
- Wichtig ist nicht nur das aktuelle Wachstum, sondern auch dessen Nachhaltigkeit.
- Prognosen zeigen, ob Analysten weiteres Potenzial erwarten – oder eine Verlangsamung.
📘 EBITDA-Wachstum
📈 Was ist das?
Das EBITDA-Wachstum zeigt, wie stark das operative Ergebnis eines Unternehmens vor Zinsen, Steuern und Abschreibungen im Vergleich zum Vorjahr gestiegen oder gesunken ist.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
Erwartet = (erwartetes EBITDA ÷ EBITDA Vorjahr − 1) × 100
Erwartetes Wachstum basiert auf Analystenschätzungen für das laufende Geschäftsjahr.
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Ein steigendes EBITDA ist ein Zeichen für verbesserte operative Ertragskraft – unabhängig von Finanzierungsstruktur oder Abschreibungen.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Starkes EBITDA-Wachstum signalisiert operative Effizienz und Skalierung – besonders relevant in Wachstumsphasen.
- EBITDA-Wachstum ist ein Frühindikator für Margen- und Gewinnentwicklung – sollte aber stets im Zusammenhang mit Umsatz und EBIT betrachtet werden.
📘 EBIT Wachstum
📈 Was ist das?
Das EBIT-Wachstum zeigt, wie stark das operative Ergebnis eines Unternehmens (nach Abschreibungen, aber vor Zinsen und Steuern) im Vergleich zum Vorjahr gewachsen ist.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
Erwartet = (erwartetes EBIT ÷ EBIT Vorjahr − 1) × 100
Erwartetes Wachstum basiert auf Analystenschätzungen für das laufende Geschäftsjahr.
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Das EBIT-Wachstum ist ein direkter Indikator für die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung des operativen Geschäfts – unter Berücksichtigung der Kapitalintensität (Abschreibungen).
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Steigendes EBIT signalisiert wachsende operative Rentabilität – auch unter Berücksichtigung von Abschreibungen.
- Das EBIT-Wachstum ist ein wichtiges Maß zur Beurteilung von Geschäftsmodellen mit hohen Investitionskosten.
- Im Zusammenspiel mit Umsatz- und EBITDA-Wachstum ergibt sich ein umfassendes Bild zur operativen Entwicklung.
📘 Nettogewinn-Wachstum
📈 Was ist das?
Das Nettogewinn-Wachstum zeigt, wie stark der Jahresüberschuss eines Unternehmens gegenüber dem Vorjahr gestiegen oder gesunken ist – sowohl tatsächlich (TTM) als auch auf Basis von Prognosen (erwartet).
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
Erwartet = (erwarteter Nettogewinn ÷ Nettogewinn Vorjahr − 1) × 100
Der erwartete Wert basiert auf Analystenschätzungen für das laufende Geschäftsjahr.
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Der Gewinn ist die entscheidende Ergebnisgröße für ein Unternehmen. Ein wachsender Nettogewinn deutet auf steigende Effizienz, stabile Kostenkontrolle und nachhaltige Ertragskraft hin.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Wachsender Nettogewinn stärkt die Bewertung, Dividendenfähigkeit und Kursfantasie.
- Stagnierender oder rückläufiger Gewinn trotz Umsatzwachstum kann auf Margendruck hinweisen.
📘 Free Cashflow-Wachstum
📈 Was ist das?
Das Free-Cashflow-Wachstum zeigt, wie sich der freie Mittelzufluss eines Unternehmens im Vergleich zum Vorjahr verändert hat – also der Betrag, der nach allen operativen Ausgaben und Investitionen übrig bleibt.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Free Cashflow ist der echte, verfügbare Geldzufluss. Wachstum in diesem Bereich ist ein Zeichen für finanzielle Stärke und steigende Flexibilität bei Dividenden, Rückkäufen oder Investitionen.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Sinkender Free Cashflow kann auf steigende Investitionen, höhere Kosten oder stagnierende operative Erträge hindeuten.
- Besonders bei Dividendenwerten ist das FCF-Wachstum wichtig – denn Dividenden werden letztlich aus dem verfügbaren Cash gezahlt.
- Ein negativer Trend sollte genauer analysiert werden – er ist nicht zwangsläufig schlecht, aber potenziell ein Warnsignal.
📘 Bruttomarge
📈 Was ist das?
Die Bruttomarge zeigt, wie viel vom Umsatz nach Abzug der direkten Herstellungskosten (Material, Produktion) als Bruttogewinn übrig bleibt – also der „Rohgewinn“ eines Unternehmens.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
Auch: Bruttomarge = Bruttogewinn ÷ Umsatz × 100
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Die Bruttomarge gibt Aufschluss über die Profitabilität eines Produkts oder Geschäftsmodells vor Fixkosten, Steuern und Zinsen. Sie zeigt, wie effizient ein Unternehmen produzieren oder einkaufen kann.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Eine hohe Bruttomarge deutet auf starke Preissetzungsmacht und effiziente Herstellung hin.
- Sinkende Bruttomargen können auf Kostensteigerungen oder Preisdruck hindeuten.
- Besonders im Vergleich zu Wettbewerbern liefert die Bruttomarge wertvolle Einblicke in die Geschäftsqualität.
📘 EBITDA-Marge
📈 Was ist das?
Die EBITDA-Marge zeigt, wie viel vom Umsatz als operativer Gewinn vor Zinsen, Steuern und Abschreibungen (EBITDA) übrig bleibt. Sie misst die operative Effizienz – ohne Verzerrungen durch Finanzierung oder Buchwerte.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Die EBITDA-Marge hilft zu verstehen, wie viel operativer Gewinn ein Unternehmen aus jedem Euro Umsatz erzielt – unabhängig von Kapitalstruktur oder steuerlichem Umfeld.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Eine hohe EBITDA-Marge zeigt starke operative Ertragskraft – unabhängig von Bilanzierungseffekten.
- Die Marge ermöglicht gute Vergleiche zwischen Unternehmen und Branchen.
- Ein stabiler oder wachsender Wert kann auf effiziente Kostenkontrolle und Skalierbarkeit hindeuten.
📘 EBIT-Marge
📈 Was ist das?
Die EBIT-Marge zeigt, wie viel Prozent des Umsatzes als operativer Gewinn nach Abschreibungen, aber vor Zinsen und Steuern übrig bleiben.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Die EBIT-Marge misst die operative Ertragskraft eines Unternehmens unter Berücksichtigung der Kapitalintensität (z. B. Maschinen, Anlagen). Sie eignet sich gut zum Vergleich von Geschäftsmodellen mit unterschiedlich hohen Abschreibungen.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Eine hohe EBIT-Marge zeigt, dass ein Unternehmen auch nach Abschreibungen effizient arbeitet.
- Sie ist besonders relevant in kapitalintensiven Branchen.
- Langfristig stabile oder steigende Margen sind ein Zeichen wirtschaftlicher Stärke und Preissetzungsmacht.
📘 Nettomarge
📈 Was ist das?
Die Nettomarge zeigt, wie viel vom Umsatz am Ende als „Reingewinn“ übrig bleibt – also nach Abzug aller Kosten, Zinsen, Steuern und Abschreibungen.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Die Nettomarge gibt an, wie effizient ein Unternehmen über alle Stufen hinweg wirtschaftet. Sie zeigt, wie viel Gewinn tatsächlich je Euro Umsatz übrig bleibt.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Eine hohe Nettomarge zeigt, dass ein Unternehmen nicht nur operativ stark ist, sondern auch seine Finanzierung und Steuerbelastung im Griff hat.
- Vergleiche mit Wettbewerbern geben Einblicke in die wirtschaftliche Qualität.
- Sinkende Nettomargen trotz Umsatzwachstum können ein Warnsignal sein – etwa für steigende Kosten oder sinkende Effizienz.
📘 Free Cashflow Marge
📈 Was ist das?
Die Free-Cashflow-Marge zeigt, wie viel vom Umsatz nach Abzug aller operativen Ausgaben und Investitionen tatsächlich als freier Mittelzufluss übrig bleibt.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Diese Marge misst die echte Liquidität, die ein Unternehmen erwirtschaftet – unabhängig von Bilanzierungsregeln oder Abschreibungen. Sie ist besonders relevant für Dividenden, Rückkäufe und Investitionen.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Eine hohe Free-Cashflow-Marge zeigt, dass ein Unternehmen nachhaltig liquide Mittel erwirtschaftet.
- Sie ist ein starkes Signal für finanzielle Stabilität und Ausschüttungspotenzial.
- Wichtig ist der langfristige Trend – sinkende Werte können auf steigende Investitionen oder rückläufige operative Effizienz hindeuten.
📘 Eigenkapitalquote
📈 Was ist das?
Die Eigenkapitalquote zeigt, wie hoch der Anteil des Eigenkapitals an der Bilanzsumme eines Unternehmens ist – also wie stark es sich aus eigenen Mitteln finanziert.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Eine hohe Eigenkapitalquote steht für finanzielle Stabilität, Krisenfestigkeit und gute Bonität. Sie ist besonders relevant bei der Beurteilung der Verschuldung.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Eine hohe Eigenkapitalquote signalisiert finanzielle Stabilität – besonders in Krisenzeiten.
- Ein niedriger Wert kann auf ein höheres Risiko oder eine aggressive Verschuldung hinweisen.
- Wichtig: Die Eigenkapitalquote sollte immer gemeinsam mit der Eigenkapitalrendite betrachtet werden. Nur so lässt sich beurteilen, ob ein Unternehmen nicht nur solide, sondern auch effizient wirtschaftet.
📘 Eigenkapitalrendite (ROE)
📈 Was ist das?
Die Eigenkapitalrendite zeigt, wie effizient ein Unternehmen mit dem Kapital seiner Aktionäre arbeitet – also wie viel Gewinn es pro Euro Eigenkapital erwirtschaftet.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Die Eigenkapitalrendite ist eine zentrale Rentabilitätskennzahl. Sie hilft Anlegern zu erkennen, ob das Unternehmen eine attraktive Verzinsung auf das eingesetzte Eigenkapital erwirtschaftet.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Eine hohe Eigenkapitalrendite spricht für ein starkes, effizientes Geschäftsmodell.
- Besonders interessant ist sie bei kapitalintensiven Firmen oder solchen mit hoher Eigenkapitalquote.
- Wichtig: Ein sehr hoher ROE kann auch auf hohe Schulden hinweisen – daher sollte sie immer im Kontext mit der Eigenkapitalquote betrachtet werden.
📘 Return on Capital Employed (ROCE)
📈 Was ist das?
ROCE misst die Gesamtrentabilität eines Unternehmens – also wie effizient es das eingesetzte Kapital (Eigen- und Fremdkapital) zur Gewinnerzielung nutzt.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
Das eingesetzte Kapital ist das gesamte betriebsnotwendige Kapital, unabhängig von der Finanzierungsquelle.
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
ROCE eignet sich besonders gut für den Vergleich unterschiedlich finanzierter Unternehmen. Es zeigt, wie effektiv ein Unternehmen Kapital investiert – unabhängig von der Kapitalstruktur.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein hoher ROCE zeigt, dass ein Unternehmen sein Kapital effizient einsetzt – unabhängig davon, ob es durch Eigen- oder Fremdkapital finanziert ist.
- Je höher der ROCE im Vergleich zu ähnlichen Unternehmen, desto mehr Wert schafft das Unternehmen mit seinem investierten Kapital.
- Besonders wichtig ist der ROCE bei Firmen mit hohen Investitionen – z. B. in Industrie, Energie oder Infrastruktur.
📘 Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)
📈 Was ist das?
ROIC zeigt, wie effizient ein Unternehmen das Kapital investiert, das langfristig im operativen Geschäft gebunden ist – unabhängig davon, ob es aus Eigen- oder Fremdkapital stammt.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
- NOPAT = „Net Operating Profit After Taxes“
- Investiertes Kapital = operatives Vermögen abzüglich nicht-verzinster Schulden
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
ROIC ist eine der präzisesten Kennzahlen zur Bewertung der Kapitalrendite – besonders im Vergleich zur Eigenkapitalrendite, weil es Verzerrungen durch Schulden vermeidet. Er zeigt, ob ein Unternehmen Mehrwert für alle Kapitalgeber schafft.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein hoher ROIC zeigt, wie gut ein Unternehmen mit dem tatsächlich investierten (betriebsnotwendigen) Kapital wirtschaftet.
- Im Unterschied zu ROCE wird nur Kapital betrachtet, das wirklich zur Finanzierung operativer Aktivitäten dient – und verzinst werden muss.
- Besonders hilfreich, um die Kapitalrendite von Unternehmen mit viel „überschüssigem“ Kapital oder zinsfreien Verbindlichkeiten realistisch zu vergleichen.
📘 Verschuldungsgrad (Leverage Ratio)
📈 Was ist das?
Der Verschuldungsgrad zeigt, wie stark ein Unternehmen durch verzinsliche Schulden (z. B. Kredite und Anleihen) im Verhältnis zum Eigenkapital finanziert ist.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Die Kennzahl hilft, das finanzielle Risiko und die Abhängigkeit von Fremdkapital zu beurteilen. Ein hoher Verschuldungsgrad kann die Eigenkapitalrendite steigern – birgt aber auch erhöhte Risiken bei Zinsanstiegen oder Liquiditätsengpässen.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein niedriger Verschuldungsgrad steht für finanzielle Stabilität und Unabhängigkeit.
- Ein hoher Wert kann auf erhöhte Risiken hinweisen – insbesondere bei schwankenden Zinsen oder konjunkturellen Schwächen.
- Wichtig: Immer im Kontext zur Branche und Kapitalintensität bewerten.
📘 Ergebnis je Aktie (EPS)
📈 Was ist das?
Das Ergebnis je Aktie (EPS) zeigt, wie viel Gewinn auf eine einzelne Aktie entfällt – und ist eine der wichtigsten Kennzahlen zur Bewertung von Unternehmen.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
Die verwässerte Aktienanzahl berücksichtigt auch potenzielle neue Aktien, etwa durch Optionen, Wandelanleihen oder andere Umtauschrechte.
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
EPS bildet die Basis für viele Bewertungskennzahlen wie KGV, PEG oder Payout Ratio. Es macht den Gewinn für Aktionäre vergleichbar – unabhängig von der Unternehmensgröße.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- EPS hilft, die Profitabilität pro Aktie zu erfassen – und ist besonders wichtig im Zeitvergleich oder im Vergleich mit Analystenschätzungen.
- Steigendes EPS kann ein Zeichen für stabiles Wachstum oder Aktienrückkäufe sein.
- Wichtig: Verwende verwässertes EPS für realistische Bewertungen – besonders bei stark aktienbasierten Vergütungssystemen.
📘 Free Cashflow je Aktie (FCF je Aktie)
📈 Was ist das?
Der Free Cashflow je Aktie zeigt, wie viel freier Mittelzufluss einem Unternehmen pro Aktie zur Verfügung steht – nach Investitionen, aber vor Dividenden oder Schuldentilgung.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Der FCF je Aktie zeigt, wie viel liquide Mittel pro Aktie tatsächlich im Unternehmen verbleiben – wichtig für Dividenden, Aktienrückkäufe oder Schuldentilgung. Im Gegensatz zum Gewinn ist er schwerer manipulierbar und daher besonders aussagekräftig.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein hoher Free Cashflow je Aktie ist ein Zeichen für hohe finanzielle Flexibilität.
- Er zeigt, wie viel Kapital ein Unternehmen effektiv einsetzen oder ausschütten kann.
- Besonders relevant für dividendenstarke Unternehmen oder solche mit starker Kapitalrendite.
📘 Short Interest
📈 Was ist das?
Short Interest zeigt, wie viele Aktien eines Unternehmens aktuell leerverkauft wurden – also von Investoren geliehen und verkauft, in der Erwartung fallender Kurse.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
Der Wert zeigt den Anteil der Aktien, der aktuell auf fallende Kurse spekuliert wird.
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Short Interest dient als Stimmungsindikator: Ein hoher Wert deutet auf Skepsis oder negative Erwartungen gegenüber dem Unternehmen hin – kann aber auch zu einem „Short Squeeze“ führen, wenn der Kurs plötzlich steigt.
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein niedriger Short Interest deutet auf Vertrauen in das Unternehmen hin.
- Ein hoher Wert kann ein Warnsignal sein – oder eine Chance, wenn sich die Stimmung dreht.
- Besonders spannend in volatilen Märkten oder vor wichtigen Quartalszahlen.
📘 Employees
📈 Was ist das?
Die Mitarbeiteranzahl zeigt, wie viele Personen ein Unternehmen weltweit beschäftigt – ein Indikator für Größe, Struktur und Geschäftsmodell.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Sie hilft bei der Einschätzung von Skaleneffekten, Effizienz und Personalkosten. Zusammen mit Umsatz und Gewinn lassen sich Kennzahlen wie Produktivität je Mitarbeiter ableiten.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Viele Mitarbeiter bedeuten große operative Komplexität – aber auch hohes Umsatzpotenzial.
- Produktivität je Mitarbeiter ist ein wichtiger Indikator für Effizienz.
- Besonders spannend bei stark wachsenden Tech- oder Industrieunternehmen.
📘 Umsatz je Mitarbeiter
📈 Was ist das?
Der Umsatz je Mitarbeiter zeigt, wie viel Erlös ein Unternehmen durchschnittlich pro Beschäftigtem erwirtschaftet – eine Kennzahl für Effizienz und Produktivität.
🧮 Wie wird es berechnet?
Die Mitarbeiterzahl stammt in der Regel aus dem letzten verfügbaren Jahresbericht.
🏛️ Wofür ist es wichtig?
Diese Kennzahl hilft, Geschäftsmodelle zu vergleichen – insbesondere zwischen arbeitsintensiven und technologiegetriebenen Unternehmen. Ein hoher Wert deutet auf Automatisierung, Effizienz oder hohen Wertschöpfungsanteil hin.
🧮 Berechnung
🎯 Was bedeutet das für Anleger?
- Ein hoher Umsatz je Mitarbeiter spricht für ein skalierbares und margenstarkes Geschäftsmodell.
- Ein niedriger Wert kann auf arbeitsintensive Prozesse oder geringere Wertschöpfung hinweisen.
- Besonders hilfreich beim Vergleich von Tech- vs. Industrieunternehmen.
Entra Aktie Analyse
Analystenmeinungen
14 Analysten haben eine Entra Prognose abgegeben:
Analystenmeinungen
14 Analysten haben eine Entra Prognose abgegeben:
Beta Entra Events
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aktien.guide Basis
Entra — Q1 2026 Earnings Call
1. Management Discussion
Good morning all, and welcome Entra's first quarter presentation, moving directly to the highlights. Rental income in the quarter of NOK 800 million. That's NOK 26 million up or 3.3% compared to same quarter last year. Net income from property management of NOK 357 million in the quarter, up with NOK 37 million or approximately 11.6% compared to the first quarter last year. Net value changes of minus NOK 52 million in the quarter and value changes on investment properties were negative with NOK 199 million this quarter. Profit before tax of NOK 205 million and the NRV per share currently at NOK 170, up with NOK 1. We continue to see improvements in our key debt metrics and very pleased to see that Moody's have affirmed their investment-grade rating and also provided a positive outlook this quarter.
Operationally, it was a solid quarter. However, net letting isolated in Q1 was minus NOK 20 million. The underlying net letting was NOK 6 million positive when adjusting for timing effects related to a relocation, which I will get back to shortly. We have also started reporting on a new project this quarter in Christian Krohgs gate 2, where we are developing the asset in a joint venture with Skanska. It has been a good momentum operationally this quarter, and we have signed new and renewed leases with a rental income of NOK 121 million this quarter and contracts with an annual rent of NOK 64 million were terminated in the quarter. Net letting, as mentioned, of minus NOK 20 million in the quarter. This includes a negative net letting effect of approximately NOK 26 million from the relocation of Circle K, which was required to enable a large contract signed with [ Court Norway ] in the second quarter.
Adjusted for the negative net letting effects of this relocation, the underlying net letting in the first quarter would have been positive with [ NOK ] 6 million. Due to these timing effects between the first and second quarter, it is more appropriate to assess net letting for the first half under a whole. And based on what we have signed so far this year and also what we see of current lease activities, we expect that we will have a positive net letting for the second quarter and also for the first half of this year.
In the table at the bottom of the page, you can see the largest contracts signed in the quarter. A few comments on a couple of them. In Verkstedveien 1 at Skoyen in Oslo, we were pleased to renew a contract with the Norwegian Public Service Pension Fund for 8,000 square meters. This means that we now are preparing also to start the refurbishment of this building in a sequential phase. We have also signed with Circle K in Stenersgata 1. Circle K is currently our largest tenant in Schweigaards gate 16. This is a building which originally was developed as a new headquarter for Circle K. And over the last 10 years, they have gradually reduced their presence in this building and subleased material parts of their space.
So we have, over some time now, been working with Circle K to find suitable alternatives for them within our portfolio and are now very pleased to see that they chose to sign with us in Stenersgata 1. This enables us now also to start the second phase of the refurbishment of that building as we have signed 2 leases in this property. And by moving Circle K, we were also in a position where we could sign with Coop for their new headquarter building in Schweigaards gate 16. And very happy to see that we yesterday also could announce that we have signed a contract for 15,500 square meters with Court Norway and taking the entire building in Schweigaards gate 16.
The relocation of Circle K was executed in the first quarter, while the new contract with Coop was signed in the second quarter, which is why we need to assess the net letting for these 2 quarters as a whole. Our occupancy is currently at 94.3%, up from 93.8% last quarter. The change in occupancy is mainly explained by the fact that we now taken the investment decision in Stenersgata 1 to start the refurbishment, meaning that quite a lot of that space, which was vacated has been moved over to the project portfolio.
And I have, over the last quarters, been commenting on that we expect to see more fluctuations in occupancy ratios in the short term. This is mainly explained by 3 factors. Firstly, we are completing projects, which will be feeding into the management portfolio with different vacancy levels. Secondly, it depends on the timing of when we start new projects as exemplified by this quarter's changes.
And thirdly, it depends on the timing of when we sign new leases on space which has already been terminated. When we terminate a contract, it is immediately reflected in our net letting graph at the bottom right. It is also immediately reflected in the net rental income bridge, as Ole will go through, but it is not necessarily reflected in the occupancy rate as some of this terminated space has a cash flow for quite some time following the termination.
Last quarter, we announced that we had sold 50% of this property in Christian Krohgs to Skanska. This transaction was settled in the first quarter, and we have now established a joint venture, started the redevelopment of this building. This building is located only 3 minutes walk from Oslo Central Station. And here, Skanska has signed a lease contract for 35%. We have also signed a contract for the construction. It's a combination of refurbishment and new build volumes with Skanska at a fixed price contract. And the total project cost, including the initial land and property value is NOK 1.8 billion. And the remaining CapEx for Entra's 50% is approximately NOK 617 million.
So this is a very capital-efficient way for us to start this project. And also continuing the ongoing transformation in this very important part of our portfolio. Entra has approximately 200,000 square meters of management portfolio in the area around Oslo Central Station and also some projects in our pipeline further down. So very good to continue this transformation for us.
This building will be a top modern building, energy class A EU Taxonomy aligned and BREEAM certified, and we expect to see a yield on cost for this asset of around [ 5.7% ], which can compare to the current prime yields in Oslo around 4.5%. The completion of this building is planned for the fourth quarter of '29. If we move on to our ongoing development portfolio, we have now included Christian Krohgs gate 2 as a project we will report on. And the 2 other projects on this list have a remaining CapEx of NOK 195 million, and they are both progressing on -- according to plan, on time and at cost.
We have announced quite a lot of new leases over the last quarters. This also means that we are now starting to report -- in the coming quarters, we'll be starting to report on some more refurbishment projects, 1 in Kaigaten in Bergen, 1 in Verkstedveien at Skoyen, as already mentioned today, and the 1 Stenersgata where Circle K has signed. But this should feed into our list of reporting over the next couple of quarters.
A few comments on the Norwegian economy. During the first quarter, inflation in Norway has picked up somewhat, and the headline CPI came in at 3.6% for March, while the core inflation, which is the basis for Norges Bank's interest rate models is currently at 3.0%. In response to this, Norges Bank has adjusted its communication, while the policy rate has been held at 4%, the interest rate path has been revised upwards and the Central Bank has indicated that 1 to 2 rate increases may be required in 2026, depending on inflation developments.
Before gradually then rate cuts are indicated from 2027 towards 3.5% in 2028, as you can also see from the graph at the bottom right. Mainland GDP for Norway growth is expected to be around 1.5% in the years to come and also with a positive employment growth, as you can see from the top right picture. In Oslo, the employment growth has been somewhat lower than on the national basis, specifically within the private sector, which has not been benefiting the demand for offices in the Oslo market, where we currently also are seeing that public tenants are transitioning into more space-efficient workplace solutions.
With heightened geopolitical tensions and increased volatility in energy markets weighing over inflation and growth prospects, it is, of course, more uncertainty on these kind of outlooks. However, having said that, Norway remains in a strong position with its ability to both stimulate and support the economy through fiscal policies and public spending as they have proven to do in the past.
A few words on the letting market. Having a well-planned and central office is increasingly seen as a key productivity -- a key aspect for improving productivity, culture and attracting talent. We clearly hear this in all the discussions we have with C-level executives at our -- with our customers. This also entails that the decision on where to locate your office and how to organize your office has become much more strategic and thorough which entails that these processes are much more time-consuming. As an example, when Coop Norway came out, the first meeting on a search, the first meeting we had with them is more than a year ago. So it is a lot of work, and it takes a lot of time to get to these kind of large contracts.
Last quarter, I commented that the signed lease volumes in 2025 were in line with historical normal levels. However, based on [ Areal ] statistic database of lease expiries expected for '27 and '28, we had expected to see that the activity would be slightly higher. When we dive into the numbers for the first quarter, we are seeing that the activity in the letting market in Oslo was at a historic low. This may be a reflection of the increased uncertainty we are experiencing around us.
We typically see that decisions are postponed, take more time in times of uncertainty. So we will be following this closely going forward. But based on what we see from the lease expiry databases for Oslo, we would expect activity to pick up in the short term. However, we may also see that tenants now opt to make more short-term prolongations.
The vacancy in Oslo remains stable between 7% and 8%. Differences in different parts of the city in the secondary markets and some of the fringes, vacancy is above 10%. When you look at the market rental growth we've had in the past, it's been a fairly broad market rental growth and robust. And the consensus report, which Entra reports every quarter, expects now to see around 12% market rental growth in the next 3 years.
In our ongoing discussions, we clearly see that we are able to take out more market rental growth in the city center. The most -- we are located slightly below CBD pricing. So still a good sentiment to take out market rental growth there also based on the CapEx required to deliver the quality the tenants want. But somewhat more differentiated in the fringes and secondary market, depending on what kind of supply-demand balance you have locally.
A few words on the transaction market. The commercial property transaction volumes came in at around NOK 16 billion for the first quarter. That is more or less in line with normal first quarter. We are seeing quite a lot of market -- real estate deals marketed. But the broader transaction market continues to be a bit in a wait-and-see mode now with all the uncertainty emerging around us and also more -- less clarity on interest rate cuts based on the inflation. The financing markets remain accessible with good lending sentiment and also credit margins are currently favorable. As you can see from the top right graph here, Entra's consensus report, the prime office yield is now projected to increase slightly from current levels of 4.5% towards 4.7% in the short term before gradually assuming a downward trajectory again. I think that leaves it for me now. And the word is yours, Ole.
Thank you Sonja. In Q1, our financial performance improved compared to the same quarter last year. Rental income came in at NOK 800 million, up from NOK 774 million in the fourth quarter last year. We had net positive impact from finalized project of NOK 4 million and NOK 24 million in rental growth, mostly from annual CPI adjustments, which feeds into our income from 1st of January. The rental income is NOK 5 million higher compared to the bridge that we presented in the fourth quarter. This is mostly due to better letting effects than we had forecasted. Net income from property management came in at NOK 357 million. This is up from NOK 320 million in the first quarter last year. This is due to higher rental income, as explained earlier, and lower financing cost.
In the fourth quarter of 2025, we had positive gain from the forward sold development project, Holtermanns [ veg ] in Trondheim which had a positive impact, especially gain of NOK 101 million. Adjusted for this gain, we report underlying result improvement in net income from property management of NOK 33 million, and this is supported by both rental income growth, lower cost level and reduced financing costs. Profit before tax came in at NOK 287 million, and this includes net value adjustments negative with NOK 52 million. This is down from NOK 476 million in pretax profit in the fourth quarter, which included both the mentioned gain from the development project in Trondheim and a positive NOK 56 million in value changes, which explains then the reduction in pretax profit from the fourth quarter to the first quarter.
I have already gone through the rental income part, but I give you some more flavor on the other P&L items. OpEx came in at NOK 67 million or 8.4% of rental income. This is in line with historical levels and also in line with the same quarter last year. In the fourth quarter, the OpEx was particularly high due to timing of maintenance costs, which explains the reduction from the fourth quarter to the first quarter. Admin cost is also stable at NOK 49 million and in line with expectations. In Q4, we had a couple of nonrecurring items, which also -- which explains basically reduction in admin costs from the fourth quarter to the first quarter. The negative results from share of profit in joint venture is higher than normal as one of our partners sold the property below book values, and our share of that loss is reported in this line item.
Net realized financials came in at minus NOK 336 million or down NOK 10 million compared to last quarter. This is due to lower debt level as well as slightly lower commitment fees as we are working to optimize our funding costs. Value changes in our investment properties came in at negative NOK 199 million, and I will come back with more on this later on. While we had positive value changes in our financial instruments of NOK 147 million, and this is caused by higher medium and long-term interest rates. And this gave then the profit before tax of NOK 287 million.
Moving then to our rental income development. Looking forward, the model indicates rental income in Q2 will be NOK 786 million, which is NOK 5 million higher compared to the bridge that we presented in the fourth quarter. For 2026 as a whole, the rental -- the total rental income in the bridge is NOK 24 million higher compared to the bridge we presented in the fourth quarter, and this is due to letting effects. For 2027, we have also increased the impact of estimated CPI -- estimated high CPI in 2026, which then feeds into our 2027 rental income. The new CPI adjustment is 3.25%, which is the average forecast from Bank of Norway and Statistics Norway.
This graph is not a guidance. It just highlights the rental income based on reported events in existing contracts. As mentioned in previous quarters, we believe that there is upside to this bridge. Firstly, we aim to let out existing vacant space, which has a rental income potential of NOK 193 million per year. Secondly, we also have market rent reversion potential of NOK 135 million per year. And lastly, we have significant potential in our ongoing and upcoming project portfolio, although most of this is outside the bridge period.
Moving then over to our property value, which is slightly down to NOK 63.3 billion in the quarter. Divestments of negative NOK 553 million is related to the Christian Krohgs gate 2 project or joint venture project we have with Skanska, which we announced in the fourth quarter. 50% of that value totaling NOK 276 million is moved from investment properties to JVs and reported under other, as you can see in this graph to the left. Value changes were negative with NOK 199 million in the quarter, a limited value reduction of 0.3%. The negative value impact is predominantly value reduction in our Sandvika portfolio. The deviation between the appraisers has come gradually down every quarter over the last few years and is now insignificant.
Investments or CapEx came in at NOK 185 million in the quarter, which has also come gradually down over the last few years. We will continue to have a disciplined investment strategy and prioritize defensive CapEx to increase occupancy and realize market uplift.
Having said that, some more development projects are in the pipeline and the CapEx in the first quarter is below the full year run rate expectations. Portfolio net yield is slightly increasing to 5.13%, up from 5.04% in Q4, while the fully let at market rate, the portfolio yield is at 5.70%, which is unchanged from the fourth quarter. On the right-hand side, you can see that the net asset value increased slightly per share from NOK 169 in the fourth quarter to NOK 170 per share in the first quarter.
Moving then to our debt metrics, which also continued to improve in the first quarter. The ICR looks like have bottomed out and improved to 2.17x and that's measured over the last 12 months. Leverage ratio also improved from 48.8 -- sorry, 48.0% to 47.6%, while net interest-bearing debt to EBITDA is down to 10.8. We will continue to have a conservative approach when it comes to both leverage and interest risk to secure and improve our investment-grade rating.
In March, Moody's affirmed our Baa3 rating and changed our outlook from stable to positive. Further, the ICR trigger was reduced to 2.3 from 2.5, highlighting our high-quality real estate portfolio together with creditworthy customer base. We have created a solid financial platform and the average time to maturity for our total debt increased to 4.1 years from 3.6 years in the fourth quarter. We had a very active financing quarter. We started with reopening a fixed bond with 5.5 years maturity and issued NOK 250 million, which we swapped to LIBOR plus 104 bps. While the debt capital market was somewhat muted since the war in Iran started, we are now starting to see some more interest in the market at attractive terms. Secondly, we also extended NOK 8.3 billion in secured bank financing with 1 year to 2030. The bank spreads has come gradually down every quarter, and the bank market remains open with competitive dynamics.
And lastly, we did a new 12-year sustainable-linked loan of NOK 1.5 billion with Nordic Investment Bank at attractive terms, which is then linked to our science-based targets. The proceeds was used to repay the existing NIB loan, which is due in the second quarter 2027. As you can see in this graph to the right, we have undrawn bank credit lines of NOK 7.7 billion due in 2028 and 2030. We did reduce our bank lines with NOK 600 million during the quarter and an additional NOK 600 million after quarter end. This is to improve our funding -- total funding cost. With the financing activities we have now completed in the first quarter, we still have available liquidity in the next 24 months, and we will continue to work to optimize our funding costs during 2026. To the left, you can see that 70% of our debt financing is now green, and we have capacity to issue more green debt going forward due to our existing environmental-friendly property portfolio.
Moving then lastly to the cost of debt. The all-in net financial cost is down to 4.24%, while the interest rate on our interest-bearing debt is slightly up to 4.01%. As you can see from this graph, the forward curve has shifted significantly up in the period, although coming slightly down from peak levels. Our interest rate forecast in this graph is based on the forward curve from April 17. Assuming this level, our cost of debt may increase going -- somewhat during 2026, and this is partly offset then by interest hedges, which total 65% of our debt portfolio with 3.4 years time to maturity.
To give you some sensitivity, if the forward curve shifts up or down 0.5 percentage points, the impact on financial cost is approximately NOK 35 million in 2026 and NOK 70 million in 2027, all else equal.
So there, you were a bit fast. Closing remarks. First of all, I'm pleased to see that our rental income growth was 3.3% year-on-year and also net income from property management growth of 11.6% year-on-year, so providing stable rental income growth in operations in the quarter. And the net letting was positive when we take into account the timing effects as I have commented on. And we expect also to see positive net letting for the first half of this year based on what we now see in our pipeline.
We have done a good job on the financial platform as Ole was summarizing. Very happy to see that our investment grade has been reaffirmed and also given a positive outlook and extended our debt maturity profile and the new sustainability-linked loan we did with NIB based on our science-based targets is also clearly demonstrating that we are able to achieve tangible commercial value based on the environmental qualities of our portfolio.
And we've continued to see improvements in our debt metrics. Profitability continues to be our key priority in 2026, and we will continue to see rental income growth driven by CPI, but also operationally by increasing our occupancy levels and capturing the reversion potential in our portfolio as well as getting the ongoing development back into the management portfolio.
We continue to work selectively with accretive project development as exemplified by Christian Krohgs gate 2 this quarter and asset rotations also. And we will continue to have a disciplined approach to capital allocation going forward. we are working in a market environment where we see supportive long-term letting market fundamentals. We have a backdrop of a resilient Norwegian economy with a positive employment growth outlook. We have limited new office supply coming into the market also supporting occupancy and market rents.
And based on the lease expiry database for Oslo we would expect also to see support in the letting activity going forward. I think that concludes it for now, and we'll just check with Isabel if we have any questions?
Sonja and Ole we will then transition to the Q&A session. Sonja occupancy rate increased to 94.3% this quarter. What is the expected run rate here over the next year?
I think we got that question last quarter also. I think it's difficult to be very specific on the number because it's affected by the 3 factors as I commented on in my presentation, how much have we managed to let the projects before they come back into the management portfolio. And when do we start a new project based on assets, which currently are being optimized before we are ready to start some project development.
I don't want to give a number on that, to be honest, but we will be moving plus/minus the levels we've had through the year. And let's see, our clear target is to bring it back up above 95% into historic levels. We have the locations and the qualities, which should enable that. But it takes time. It's very dependent on also the market dynamics we're working in.
Thank you. Is it possible to get some color on the portion of larger contracts maturing this year relative to the given maturity profile?
The proportion of -- sorry, just repeat once again.
The larger contracts maturing this year relative to the given maturity profile?
Okay. If we look at our maturity profile in the management portfolio, we currently -- we don't have any very large contracts maturing in 2026, not 2027. So the larger ones are from '28 onwards. And I am seeing that we -- every year, we go through the contracts at risk and how we're doing, and I'm very comfortable with the way we're working now for '26 and '27. So I don't see a very big risk in the 2 next years, but we have a big job to do from '28 and onwards.
Admin costs decreased a bit quarter-on-quarter. What is your expectations for 2026?
Yes. We guided a little bit on this in the fourth quarter presentation. So we have been able to scale our admin costs every year over the last few years, meaning as a percentage of rental income, it's coming down. And we expect basically to continue that trend in 2026. So we assume that admin cost as part of rental income will be slightly lower than last year. But these are -- it's kind of difficult to exactly target it, but slightly improved scaling also in 2026 as a whole, the whole year.
Okay. Moving on. How do you view the risk of further outward yield movement given the higher market rate outlook? And how sensitive is the portfolio to additional yield expansion from here?
Yes. So we used 2 external appraisers in our valuation and average of that goes into our balance sheet. The appraisers, they need observable transactions, while this expectation in our consensus report is basically a year-end assumption. And it's important also that the recent increase in yield expectation is driven by high interest rates, which is driven by, again, a higher CPI expectation. So when the appraisers adjust their valuation, they will not only increase the yield, they've also increased their CPI assumptions in their forecast, which basically creates an offsetting factor in the valuation.
So maybe there's 2 messages here. One is that there's an offsetting factor from the CPI and then there's a kind of a timing effect. These changes usually happens over time as you have proofs of observable transactions in the market. And then obviously, all else equal, we will have a positive improvement in our values, right? So you have a timing effect on top of this. So if this increase gradual over time, it will be also partly offset by the timing effect that our values in the portfolio will increase with higher CPI.
Thank you. And with that, we'll conclude the Q&A session for today.
Okay. Thank you so much for joining us today, and have a nice day.
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Entra — Q1 2026 Earnings Call
Entra — Q4 2025 Earnings Call
1. Management Discussion
Welcome to Entra's fourth quarter presentation brought to you here from Oslo. Let me start by enlighting you on what you can see on this picture. This is Christian Krohgs gate 2 in Oslo, our planned redevelopment project, which we, in the quarter announced that we have entered into a partnership with Skanska to develop.
So moving on to the highlights. Rental income of NOK 787 million in the quarter. That is NOK 20 million up compared to same quarter last year, meaning also that the effects from previous divestments have been offset by an increase through projects feeding into the management portfolio. Net income from property management of NOK 425 million in the quarter, that is up with NOK 108 million compared to same quarter last year, mainly explained by the completion and divestment of our project in Trondheim. The net value changes in the quarter were NOK 56 million. And in that, we have also included the positive value uplifts on the investment properties of NOK 111 million. Profit before tax of NOK 476 million in the quarter, and our EPRA NRV is up with NOK 2 per share to NOK 169 in the fourth quarter. We've had a good quarter in respect of operations with a positive net letting of NOK 4 million, and we have also completed 3 projects this quarter, one new build project in Trondheim, which also has been forward sale. So upon closing of that transaction, we have taken a gain of NOK 101 million in the fourth quarter.
And our Board has decided to propose a dividend of NOK 1.10 per share for the second half of 2025, and this will be then decided at the Annual General Assembly on April 21. In addition to that, the Board has also decided to initiate a share buyback program of up to 0.5% of the company's shares based on the gains realized on the Trondheim transaction.
Moving on to operations. We have, as I said, had a good quarter in respect of letting. Pleased to see that gross letting came in at NOK 183 million in the quarter. And if we look at the year as a whole, it's also been an active letting year where we signed a total of NOK 555 million. So right up there with historic best levels. If you look at our terminated contracts, NOK 80 million in the quarter. Out of that, approximately 57% is related to contracts which have been resigned in the Entra portfolio and the net letting then of NOK 4 million this quarter.
A few comments on the largest contracts you can see at the bottom of the page. We were pleased to see that we prolonged and renegotiated with the Police, getting a good uptick on rent and signing 9.5 years new lease there. We will do some refurbishments for the Police here. And upon completion of that, we will prepare this asset for sale seeing that it's in a nonstrategic area for us. In Christian Krohgs gate 2, Skanska has signed 7,500 square meters. I'll get back to that shortly. In Kaigaten 9, Tide has signed 2,000 square meters, and that's also a project which we now will be preparing to start a refurbishment of this building, which is located right next to the train station in Bergen.
Our occupancy is down with 40 basis points in the quarter to 93.8%. And as I have commented on in previous quarters, we expect to see more fluctuations in our occupancy ratio going forward, explained by a mix of factors. Firstly, the terminations and negative net letting we've had in the past quarters will potentially affect the occupancy going forward if we do have not let those vacated -- terminated space before the new leases -- sorry. This may translate into increased vacancy if we do not sign new leases on this space before the existing tenants move out. This is, however, fully reflected in our rental income bridge.
If we take a look at also the timing of new projects will affect the vacancy and also the completed projects returning back into the management portfolio with some remaining vacant space will typically also affect the occupancy. So this quarter, the increase in vacancy is explained by the fact that the Brynsengfaret 6, one of our projects is feeding back into the management portfolio with an occupancy ratio of 83%. So if we move on to the projects which were completed in the quarter, Brynsengfaret 6, we had a refurbishment project here of 35,000 square meters. This has been completed in line with expectations, leaving us with a yield on cost of 5.8% and the building has now reached an energy class of C in line with the EU taxonomy.
In Sandvika, we have a small project, 3,400 square meters, which is a courthouse building let to on a 20-year lease to the courthouse administration. This has been completed with some increase on costs, leaving us with a yield on cost of 4.6% versus the initiated reporting of 5.3%. And finally, in Trondheim, the new build project, which we completed is also part of a larger project totaling 48,000, which has been realized in 3 phases over the last 6 years. So when concluding this project, we have built 2 sections here, the new regional office for the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation and one section of office. Both have been sold to the 2 buyers, the Norwegian Broadcasting Company and the existing previous buyer of the Trondheim portfolio.
The total project cost here is NOK 611 million. That is NOK 73 million lower than what we initially started reporting on. And this is reflecting several factors. Firstly, we have managed to materialize some learning effects compared to the second phase, which was done with the same contractor and also the same team. We did a very favorable timing on that contracting. And also, we have transferred some of the lease-related risk and cost to the buyers as part of the forward sale. The transaction value of NOK 845 million includes also a tenant-specific outfitting of NOK 77 million for the Norwegian Broadcasting Company, which was settled as part of the transaction. And the return on investment on the project here is 25%. So this also is from a sustainability project perspective, quite an impressive project right up there amongst the top buildings in Norway, which also is part of the reason why we managed to do a decent or very good, I would say, transaction pricing on this building.
If we move -- look at the completion of the entire Holtermanns project, I would say that it is a very good example on how we manage to combine high-quality development, disciplined risk management and transactions and creating good value. If you took a look at the ongoing development portfolio, we only have 2 projects on this list now. Both of them are progressing according to plan with the remaining CapEx of around NOK 270 million. And in Nonnesetergaten 4 in Bergen, we have increased the occupancy from 83% to 91% in the quarter. The cost is up slightly with NOK 5 million, but that is also financed through tenant investments. And the Drammensveien 134 project at Skoyen, also here, we've seen that up slightly in the quarter. We continue to have a disciplined approach to investment, prioritizing CapEx to solving the letting activity on vacant space.
And as already mentioned, we will now prepare to start the project in Kaigaten 9 in Bergen and start reporting on that from the second quarter. That building is located right next to Nonnesetergaten on this list, meaning that we also expect to benefit a bit from the lease activity or letting activity and lease pipeline we already have on Nonnesetergaten 4. We also announced that we did a transaction in the fourth quarter with Skanska, where we sold 50% of the share in our building in Christian Krohgs gate 2 as part of a larger JV structure established for the redevelopment of this asset.
This asset is located only 3 minutes walk from the central station, which you can see is around the high-rise buildings in the background there. And the transaction was based on a gross property value of NOK 550 million, which was 2.7% above our Q3 book values. And as part of the transaction, Skanska has also signed a lease contract for 7,500 square meters in 10 years in the new project. And they have also prolonged their existing lease with us in their current location at Sundtkvartalet, which is located, you can see on the map, the top right corner of this picture. That was a project which was materialized in the same JV structure with Skanska almost 10 years ago.
And in addition to that, Skanska will act as a turnkey contractor for the construction of this project. And we clearly see that this partnership provides a very capital-efficient way for us to start the redevelopment of this project, which also will benefit this very strategic area for Entra, enhancing the qualities of the neighboring surroundings. The transaction closed in the first quarter and the project start is planned for the second quarter this year with the completion in the end of 2029. So that leaves us also with 4 years to solve the vacant -- remaining vacant space, seeing that we start the project with a pre-let ratio of 35%.
I would also like to take the opportunity to update you a bit on the ongoing transformation on the area around the Oslo Central Station. Entra has approximately 190,000 square meters in their management portfolio in the area surrounding the Central Station. And this part of the city is going through a transformation. This is the most central communication hub in Norway. And I remember when I came into Entra more than 10 years ago, we started setting targets that we would push rent levels about NOK 3,000 per square meters in this high-rise building, where you can see that the current top rent is now around NOK 5,000 per square meter, which means that we, in the past 10 years, already have seen a 60% increase in rents in this area.
Now on the photo on the right side here, you can see that the CBD East, which has been developed over the last 20 years in Oslo. In this area, top rents are now at NOK 6,500 per square meters. While on the north side of the tracks, rents are between -- top rents between NOK 4,000 and NOK 5,000 per square meter. So we clearly see that this gap is going to be narrowed over the years to come and the projects which start in the neighboring area will also reinforce and strengthen this transitioning, which has already started. So we also continue to work on optimizing our project in Stenersgata 1 Phase 2, which is located in the bottom left of this picture next to the NOK 4,000 mark. That's the Phase 1 of that building project. And once we get the anchor tenant we're looking for, we will also be able to start that project.
A few words on the Norwegian economy. It has remained robust through the global market volatility in 2025, and we are well positioned with the Norwegian oil fund also to stabilize the economy through fiscal policies and public spending. Mainline GDP growth is expected to be somewhere around 1.5% and 1.7% going forward. Employment growth has remained stable around 0.7% in the last couple of years and is expected to stay around those levels also going forward. In Oslo, however, we've seen that in 2025, the employment growth was lower, around 0.3%, and that was also mainly driven by the public sector, which currently is transitioning into more space-efficient workplace strategies, meaning that we are not getting much tailwind from the employment growth in the Oslo market currently.
The key policy rate has been reduced to 4% in September. Expectations from Norges Bank has been that we could potentially see further rate cuts with cut per year over the next 3 years. CPI for January, however, came in higher than expected with an adjusted CPI of 3.4% versus the Norges Bank's forecast or estimates of 2.9%. So forward interest rates now indicate lower probability of rate cuts in the near term. Entra's contracts are indexed based on the November index. And from January, that means 3% indexation for our portfolio.
If we move on to the letting market, we have seen that the total volumes signed in 2025 were in line with expectations, slightly lower maybe than what would have been expected based on the future expiries in the market database. We have, however, seen that the tenant search activity picked up through the fourth quarter coming also into the first quarter and are currently also seeing quite a lot of activity in the letting market. The vacancy is currently around 7% in Oslo, expected to remain around those levels with some variations between clusters, some clusters also above 10%. Same goes for Bergen vacancy levels.
Now if you look at the expected market rental growth for the next 3 years, according to our consensus report top right, the growth is expected to be around 12% over the next 3 years. If we look into Areal statistics database, we have actually seen that in the inner city center of Oslo, the area which I previously showed on the map, the market rental growth from the fourth quarter in '24 until the fourth quarter of '25 in the top segment was actually 13%, which clearly supports that there is willingness to pay for the CapEx required to deliver projects in this area.
New build volumes are expected to remain low in the next years with -- seeing that we also have had a few new project starts in the recent years. A few words on the transaction market. The financing markets are available and lending sentiment is positive with credit margins tightening through the fourth quarter, both in bank and bonds. The transaction volumes for 2025 came in at around NOK 87 billion, slightly below normal historic levels. We saw that the segment split, office represented 22% of that volume, while more normal levels would be between 40% to 45%. So more activity than within segments like logistics and also residential portfolios. The prime rent in Oslo -- sorry, prime yield in Oslo is currently around 4.5% and is expected to remain around those levels going forward according to our consensus report.
We can see that we have seen transactions supporting those prime yields and also that there is continued interest for prime assets and also central city offices in the market, primarily from equity buyers on these current yields. And our assessment is that at these yield levels and with the forecasted consensus on inflation, equity buyers are still able to achieve their return targets with 7% to 8% potential. And that we also see that the market players are confident or comfortable that we will see a real rent growth also in the years to come. So that also supports the current yield levels.
Okay. I think that leaves it for me for now, and we'll get some more details from you, Ole.
Thank you, Sonja. In Q4, our financial performance improved compared to previous periods. Rental income came in at NOK 787 million, up from NOK 767 million in the fourth quarter last year. We had positive -- net positive impact from realized projects of NOK 19 million and also a positive impact from CPI growth of NOK 17 million. This was partly offset by negative like-for-like of NOK 10 million due to increased vacancy as well as a negative NOK 5 million due to divestments. The rental income is NOK 15 million higher compared to the bridge that we presented in the third quarter. This is a larger than normal deviation due to a combination of positive one-offs as well as letting effects.
Net income from property management came in at NOK 425 million, up from NOK 317 million in the fourth quarter last year. In Q4, we had positive gain from the forward sold development project, Holtermanns veg in Trondheim of NOK 101 million. Adjusted for this gain, we report underlying result improvement in the quarter, supported by both rental income growth and by reduced financing costs. Profit before tax came in at NOK 476 million, which includes both the mentioned gain from the Holtermanns veg project as well as positive NOK 56 million in net value changes. In the fourth quarter last year, we had net value changes positive of NOK 457 million, which explains the reduction in pretax profit from the fourth quarter last year to the fourth quarter this year.
I have already gone through the rental income part, but I will give you some more flavors on the other P&L items. OpEx came in at NOK 80 million or 10.2% of rental income. This is above previous quarters. In Q4, the OpEx was particularly high due to timing of maintenance cost and to a certain degree, higher vacancy cost. The OpEx percentage level for the full year of 2025 is a realistic indication of the cost level also going into 2026. If we look at other revenue, other costs, this was net positively impacted by the gain of NOK 101 million on the forward sold Holtermanns veg project in Trondheim, as mentioned earlier.
Admin cost is up to NOK 55 million due to increased personnel costs and a couple of nonrecurring items in the quarter. We have managed to scale the admin costs for several years by offsetting some of the wage increases with efficiency measures and other cost reductions, and we target to continue to improve the admin cost ratio also for 2026. Net realized financials came in at NOK 336 million, which is down NOK 10 million to previous -- or to the last quarter. This is due to lower debt following the settlement of Holtermanns veg. Value changes in our investment properties were positive with NOK 111 million, and I will come back with more on this later on in the presentation.
We had negative value changes in our financial instruments of NOK 55 million, and this is mainly due to 1 quarter shorter duration in our positive market value positions from 2021 and 2022. And the value of the interest rate hedges will gradually be reduced until maturity. And this gave then a profit before tax of NOK 476 million.
Moving then to our rental income development. Looking forward, the model indicates rental income in the first quarter to be NOK 794 million. This is NOK 13 million higher than the bridge we presented in the third quarter. For 2026 as a whole, the total rental income in the bridge is up nearly NOK 40 million compared to the bridge that we presented in the third quarter, of which nearly NOK 10 million is due to higher-than-expected CPI, about NOK 15 million is related to letting effects. And lastly, some of the compensation we did for one-offs in Q3 was too conservative, and we, therefore, rebalanced our model slightly.
This graph is not the guidance. It just highlights the rental income based on reported events in existing contracts. There is upside to this bridge as also presented in previous quarters. Firstly, we aim to let out existing vacant space, which has a total rental income potential of NOK 211 million. In addition to this, we have available vacant space in the reported ongoing project portfolio with an annual rent potential of NOK 21 million. And lastly, there is a market rent reversal potential of NOK 161 million.
Moving then to our property value, which is slightly down to NOK 63.6 billion in the quarter. Divestments of negative NOK 841 million is related to the sale of Holtermanns veg. Value changes were positive with NOK 111 million in the quarter, which is a limited value increase of only 0.15%. The positive value impact is predominantly a slight increase in the CPI for 2026 compared to the estimates in previous quarters, and this was partly offset by a rent reduction on certain specific assets in the quarter. The deviation between the appraisals has come gradually down over the last few quarters and is now only 0.5%.
CapEx in the quarter was NOK 249 million, which has also come gradually down over the last few years. We will continue to have a disciplined investment strategy going forward and prioritize defensive CapEx to increase occupancy and realize market rent uplift. The portfolio net yields now stands at 5.04% and 5.70% fully let at market rent. On the right-hand side, you can see that the net asset value increased from NOK 167 per share to NOK 169 per share in the quarter. In addition to this, we also paid out NOK 1.1 in dividend in the fourth quarter, which brings the total dividend since the IPO to NOK 38 per share.
Moving then to our debt metrics, which continued to improve in the quarter. The ICR looks like have bottomed out and improved to 2.14 measured over the last 12 months. Leverage ratio also improved going from 48.8% to 48.0% and the net debt-to-EBITDA is down to 11.0. The debt metrics in the fourth quarter is supported by the gains of the Holtermanns veg sale. However, we will continue to have a conservative approach when it comes to both leverage and interest risk going forward. And we, therefore, expect a gradual positive development in our debt metrics going forward. This is supported by the running cash flow from our property management, a conservative and disciplined capital use as well as potential for value increases in our property portfolio over time.
We have created a solid financial platform in 2025 with an average time to maturity for total debt of 3.6 years. The debt capital market was open with tightening spreads also during the fourth quarter. We issued NOK 750 million in new green unsecured bonds, both 6-year fixed bonds, which we swapped to NIBOR plus 118 basis points, and we did floating bonds at 5.5 years at 113 basis points. In total, we have issued NOK 6.7 billion in bonds during 2025, and the debt capital market remains attractive and open in the beginning of 2026. As you can see in this graph to the right, we have undrawn bank credit lines of NOK 7.7 billion committed until 2028.
We have reduced our bank lines during the quarter to optimize our funding cost, but we still have ample available liquidity in the next 24 months. We also see that the bank spreads are coming in during the quarter, and we will continue to work to optimize our total funding costs during 2026. On the left-hand side, you can see that 68% of our debt financing is now green, and we have the capacity to issue more green debt with our existing environmental-friendly property portfolio.
Moving then to the cost of debt. The all-in net financial cost is down to 4.31%, while interest rate on our interest-bearing debt is slightly up to 3.97% in the quarter. The forward curve has shifted slightly upwards in the fourth quarter. However, our interest rate forecast is more or less unchanged from what we presented in the third quarter as we compensated higher interest rate outlook with lower credit margins in our bank debt during the quarter. As you can see in this graph, we estimate slightly increasing but relatively stable interest rates going forward, and this is due to improved credit margins, our existing hedges as well as future policy rating cuts according to market expectations.
As Sonja mentioned earlier, the Board has proposed to pay out NOK 1.1 per share in dividend for the second half of 2025. This corresponds to 32% of the cash earnings or the underlying cash earnings in the period. This is the same amount as we paid out in the first half of the year, which gives a total dividend of NOK 2.20 per share in 2025. In addition, the Board has decided to initiate a share buyback program of up to 0.5% of the outstanding shares with the proceed from the gain from the Holtermanns veg project in the fourth quarter. This totals approximately NOK 100 million in value.
The shares will be proposed to be canceled at the Annual General Meeting at the 21st of April. The Entra share is currently trading at approximately 33% discount to net asset value. And with the share buyback, we are efficiently buying our own assets at 15% discount. And we believe this is a good investment and creates shareholder value. Dividends and buybacks combined total capital distribution yield of approximately 2.4% and 36% of the cash earnings in 2025. The capital distribution level is in line with the revised dividend policy to distribute a minimum 30% of cash earnings with room to distribute more capital over time as financial conditions permits.
Okay. Thank you, Ole. So before I do some closing remarks, I think it's good to also reflect a bit about on the achievements we've had through 2025. First of all, we improved our financial performance and debt metrics. We have had solid gross letting volumes in what I would describe as a more muted demand environment in the Oslo market. We have had property value changes. So we're back in the positive territory here. And the financial flexibility has been secured through the restructuring of our bank facilities and also by reestablishing Entra in the bond market. We have clearly articulated our return targets and supported that by capital discipline across the portfolio and resumed semiannual distributions to our shareholders. We are also well positioned now to capitalize on previous investments in environmental qualities with an already very energy-efficient portfolio.
And from that to a few closing remarks, we've had -- pleased to see that we are now once again proposing cash dividends of NOK 1.1 per share and also that we are initiating a share buyback program based on the proceeds from the Trondheim sale. In the fourth quarter, we also see examples that we are able of unlocking value from the project development and transactions with the successful divestment in Trondheim and also the capital efficient and very value-accretive project realization we expect to see in Christian Krohgs gate 2. The letting market fundamentals continue to look promising, supported also by a stable Norwegian economy, where we expect to see also positive employment growth going forward. And I'm pleased to see that the activity in the tenant market picked up during the fourth quarter and also feeding into the first quarter this year.
And we are now also seeing the first signs of market rents reaching the breakeven levels we need to see to have accretive projects, particularly in the city center of Oslo. So Entra will continue to deliver future rental income growth driven by CPI, letting of vacant space and capturing the reversion potential in the portfolio and also selective projects going forward. So when we look forward, the priority is clear. We continue to focus on improving profitability through increasing the occupancy and capturing reversion potential through selective project development and asset rotation and continue to have a disciplined approach to capital allocation, preserving our balance sheet strength and funding flexibility and also deploying capital where we find it to be most accretive or also through capital distributions.
So I think that sums it up for today. And let's see if we have any questions, Isabel?
Yes, we have got one question in. Can you please provide more details on the rental market demand and discussion with potential tenants and the risk for higher vacancy?
Okay. So that's 3 questions. Let's see. A bit more flavor on the market. As I said, we are in a market where we have employment growth, which is a positive. What we saw through 2025, however, is that in Oslo, the employment growth was driven by the public sector tenants, which are currently reducing their space when renegotiated -- renegotiation. And in the private sector, we have experienced through 2025, more wait-and-see mode. I hope to see that we'll see more activity also within the private sector going forward following that we have at least had a few rate cuts. So hopefully, a stable demand side, that's our base case going forward. And if you look at where do the tenants want to go? They want to go more into the city center. So the tenant search activity, which we see now are much more heavily dominated towards the city center locations.
And if you look at the city center locations, our products are in the less expensive parts of the city center compared to CBD. So we can offer relative more value in our products than other locations in the city center. So I'm very confident that we will be able to bring our occupancy up. Having said that, we also experienced that the letting processes are very timely because our tenants need time to reassess how they want to sit and work. And we can easily use on the large searches more than a year before they conclude. And on the shorter ones, the absolute shortest is 3 months. So it will take time to get the contracts signed.
But based on our leads pipeline now, we have good activity, progressed also leases but then again, there's competition. So if you get -- if you win them, I'm very confident that we'll see occupancy come up in the short term, but we probably also will lose some of these competitions we are in. So I'm -- I think it's difficult to give clear guidance exactly on how our vacancy will develop in the short term. But I'm very confident that we're going to bring occupancy back about north of those 95% over time. But where we'll be through this year, somewhere between 93% and 95%, maybe, but it's difficult to be very precise on that.
Maybe also a few notes on net letting because we know also that we have 3 large tenants in this -- 3 of our large tenants in Entra who are on lease searches, and they will probably also conclude through 2026. So we're well prepared, work very well to ensure that we are going to be the preferred landlord. But at the same time, if you lose one of those, it will also affect our net letting through 2025. So it's a bit binary how we end up. But these large leases, they will still be sitting with us 1 through 2027, 1 through 2028 and 1 through 2029. So that also tells you that tenants are planning 4 years ahead, giving us time to solve the letting if they should choose to go elsewhere.
So a long answer. I hope that was helpful, but we are, of course, available for chat if somebody wants more flavor on that.
Thank you, Sonja. There are no further questions today.
Okay. Thank you all for following us, and feel free to get in touch if we can help with some more information. Have a nice day.
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Entra — Q4 2025 Earnings Call
Entra — Q3 2025 Earnings Call
1. Management Discussion
Good morning all, and welcome to Entra's third quarter presentation. Let me start by letting you know what you can see on this picture here. This is our building in Nonnesetergaten 4, where we currently have an ongoing project. As you can see, it's located spot on the central train station in Bergen and also with the metro next to it.
If we move on to the highlights in the quarter, rental income of NOK 767 million this quarter, which is NOK 3 million below the same quarter last year. Net income from property management of NOK 328 million, which is up then by NOK 10 million from last year and fairly limited net value changes this quarter with minus NOK 11 million. Profit before tax of NOK 326 million in the quarter. Our net asset value increased with NOK 1 per share to NOK 167, and happy to once again see that we have a positive net letting this quarter with NOK 10 million.
Our Board has decided to resume the semiannual dividends and at the same time, also revised our dividend policy. Since the IPO, we have had a dividend policy to distribute around 60% of cash earnings as cash dividend. Dividends were suspended in 2023 and '24 to strengthen our balance sheet in a challenging market environment. With an improved financial position and also seeing that the market is showing clear signs of stabilizing, we are now resuming our semiannual dividend.
The Board has also revised the dividend policy from distributing around 60% of cash earnings as cash dividend to now at least 30% as semiannual capital distributions, either through cash dividend or share buybacks. The revised dividend policy provides financial flexibility, allowing more room for accretive investments and share buybacks as well as dividends, depending on what provides the best shareholder values at any given point in time.
As we are transitioning into a revised policy, the Board has decided that the dividend for the first half of 2025 will be distributed as cash dividend of NOK 1.1 per share. Going forward, the Board will assess and evaluate capital distribution levels and form based on what yields best returns to our shareholders. This revised dividend policy does not mean that we are compromising on our return requirements. Our investments shall generate shareholder value, and we want to underline that by, at the same time, formalizing an ambition to generate more than 10% return on equity over the cycle.
The revised policy and return on equity ambition are key components of our capital allocation framework, balancing strength -- financial strength and ensuring that all capital is deployed with a focus on shareholder value, which Ole will get back to in more details later.
If we move on to our operations and the market, we have maintained a positive momentum from the second quarter and signed new and renewed leases with an annual rent of NOK 72 million this quarter. At the same time, we have had fairly limited terminations with NOK 17 million in the quarter. And out of that, 60% has been re-signed within our portfolio, leaving us then with a positive net letting of NOK 10 million in the quarter.
The occupancy is currently at 94.2%, slightly lower than in the second quarter, but unchanged compared to the first quarter. As I mentioned last quarter, we expect to see more fluctuations in the occupancy ratio going forward. The previous terminations, which have been reflected in our net letting and also now are reflected in the rental income bridge will potentially feed into vacancy if new leases are not signed before tenants move out of their contracts and it will be dependent on when we sign new leases or start projects on the buildings which have reached the end of life.
Now in the third quarter, the increased vacancy is due to some tenants moving out of buildings, which have reached their end of life and are being prepared for refurbishments. One of these properties is located right next to the Central Station in Bergen and one is located right next to the Central Station in Oslo. We have been working on optimizing costs and also scoping the project and office layouts to attract the right tenants. And we have now also seen an increase in market rents in the city centers of both these cities, and we have some active letting processes ongoing.
So we will be assessing when to start this refurbishment based on the ongoing lease discussions, our leads pipeline and as well as micro market rental development and supply-demand balance. In Oslo, we have seen that search activity has increased slightly before the summer, and we know that there are quite a lot of leases expiring in 2027, which should also provide more activity going forward. We have great locations. We have attractive products, and we are very confident that we will be able to bring our occupancy back to the historic levels, but we are also, at the same time, realistic that it may take some time, also seeing that we are working to capture the rent uplift potential in the portfolio, and currently, we are not seeing any support in growth in demand in particularly the Oslo market.
If we move on to our list of ongoing projects, they are progressing according to plan. The project in Trondheim is now close to completion and will be handed over to the buyer in the fourth quarter, seeing that we are close to completion, we have also resolved some of the contingency reserves and taken down the cost slightly. In Brynsengfaret 6, we have increased the cost with NOK 8 million. This is due to some tenant requirements, which is financed over the rent and thereby not affecting the yield on cost.
And the first phase of the project in Nonnesetergaten 4, which you saw on the front page has been completed and the tax authorities have now moved in, in the lower 8 floors of that building and the remaining vacant space is on the top floors in that building. The main part of the refurbishment of Malmskriverveien 2-4 is completed and the tenant has moved in. So we will finalize the project reporting next quarter. And in Drammensveien 134 is also progressing according to plan, and the remaining CapEx in all of these projects is now NOK 460 million.
We continue to have a disciplined approach to capital allocation, prioritizing project CapEx supporting our letting activity in the short term. If we move on to a few words on the market. The Norwegian economy is strong and well positioned to both stimulate and support its economy through fiscal policies and public spending with its sovereign wealth fund. Norway's economy has remained robust through 2025 and the Mainland GDP has been higher than expected, supported by public spending, business investments as well as private consumption as lower interest rates and solid wage increases has started to feed into the economy. The mainland GDP growth is expected to be around 1.5% to 2% going forward.
Norges Bank's initial rate cut of 25 basis points came in June and was followed up with another cut in September. So the key policy rate is currently around 4%. And the latest forecast from the Central Bank is that we will see potentially one interest rate cut per year over the next 3 years. The CPI came in at 3.6% in September, which was in line with market expectations. The core inflation, which is the basis for the Central Bank's interest rate models, came in at 3% and was below the estimates from the Central Bank.
Employment growth is expected to remain slightly positive going forward. In Oslo, the employment growth over the last year has primarily been within the public sector, which we also see are currently moving or transitioning from one desk per employee policy to free seating and underutilization. And at the same time, the private sector is focusing more on cost reductions and thereby also reducing space. So currently, employment growth is not contributing to net office absorption in the Oslo office market.
If we move on to the letting market, we have seen that year-to-date in 2025, signed lease volumes have been more or less in line with historical levels. However, lower than one would have expected for the second and third quarter, knowing that there is quite a large chunk of lease expiries coming in 2027. According to [ Eiendom ] statistics database, there is around 900,000 square meters to be up to expiry in 2027 compared to 700,000 in 2026. And we know that typically the large tenants, they start to plan for this 3 to 4 years ahead of an expiry, while the smaller tenants, they start 6 to 24 months before expiry.
So this should mean that we should see more activity in the letting market going forward, and we also then expect to see more lease searches coming out in the months to come.
The vacancy is currently around 7%, as you can see from the top right graph and expect it to increase slightly going forward. We see that there are variations between the different parts of the city with vacancies between 6% to 8% in the more central areas and in parts of the city where you have older building stock or in some of the fringe areas, we are now also seeing that vacancies are above 10%.
As you can see from the lower right graph, there is limited new supply coming into the market in the years to come. A few words also on expectations for rental growth with economic growth continuing. As a base case, the letting market fundamentals are promising for Oslo going forward, particularly in the city center, where we believe that rents should increase more than CPI going forward, seeing that there is very limited new supply and also a drive towards the center from tenants.
As you can see from the top right picture, the market consensus reports expects to see that we will have 12% market rental growth in the Oslo market as a whole over the next 3 years. And the most recent data points from [ Eiendom ] statistic, which came out this week, also show that we have seen top rents in the inner city increase with 10% so far this year, which means that the market rents now are converging towards the levels we need to see to be able to start new build projects in the city center of Oslo.
If we move on to the transaction market, the financing markets are available and lending sentiment remains positive. Debt capital markets are open and attractively priced. We have done quite a lot of financing in the quarter and are clearly seeing that credit margins have been tightening, both in bank and bonds. The transaction volumes year-to-date have been around NOK 50 billion and expectations in our consensus report is that it will be around NOK 80 billion for the full year, in line with last year's activity.
More real estate deals are currently being marketed, but the market is still in a bit of a wait-and-see mode due to recent global market volatility and interest rate volatility. As you can see from the consensus report also top right, the prime yields are currently around 4.5%. This has also been supported by transactions during the third quarter. And we see that the prime yield transactions are driven by buyers in the equity buyer sector, meaning pension funds. Ole, the floor is yours.
Thank you, Sonja. In Q3, our financial performance is slightly down compared to the second quarter. Rental income came in at NOK 767 million, more or less in line with the NOK 770 million we had in the second quarter. Compared to Q2, we had negative impact from net letting of NOK 7 million due to increased vacancy, which was partly offset by positive development -- positive contribution from our project portfolio of NOK 4 million. The rental income is NOK 4 million above what we highlighted in our rental bridge in the second quarter as we had less negative one-offs than expected.
Net income from property management came in at NOK 328 million, down from NOK 352 million in the second quarter. In Q2, we had especially low OpEx, while in Q3, this reverted back more to historical levels. In addition to this, we have NOK 13 million higher financial costs compared to the second quarter, which is a combination of many -- several smaller items, which I will come back to on the next slide. Profit before tax came in at NOK 326 million, and this includes negative net value changes of NOK 11 million, while in Q2, the net value changes was positive with NOK 191 million, which explains the reduction in pretax profit from the second quarter to the third quarter.
I've already gone through the rental income part, but I'll give you some more flavor on the other items. OpEx came in at NOK 63 million or 8.2% of rental income, which is in line with historical level and also the third quarter last year. In Q2, the OpEx level was particularly low at 7.5% of rental income. Admin cost is also stable at NOK 50 million as we have managed to offset wage increases with other cost reductions. As we've already mentioned, we target to have an admin cost for the full year of around NOK 200 million.
Looking then at the other revenue, other costs, this was positively impacted by net gains of NOK 50 million on the forward Holtermanns project in Trondheim, which is expected to be completed in the fourth quarter. Net realized financial increased to NOK 346 million, NOK 30 million higher than we had in the second quarter. This is not due to increased interest rates or debt volumes, but the combination of several other items. The number of days in the quarter impacts NOK 3 million, and we did buybacks of nearly NOK 1 billion of short-term debt -- short-term bonds, which impacts NOK 4 million.
In addition to this, we have capitalized NOK 3 million less in interest costs due to lower project activity. And lastly, we have NOK 2 million higher commitment fees due to more undrawn credit lines. Net value changes for our investment properties was negative with NOK 88 million. I will come back on this later on. And we had positive value changes in our financial instruments of NOK 77 million caused by higher medium- and long-term interest rates. And this gave in some profit before tax of NOK 326 million.
Over then to our rental income development. Looking forward, the model indicates rental income in the fourth quarter of NOK 772 million. This is similar to the bridge that we presented in the second quarter. If we look into 2026, we can see that the positive net letting we had 2 quarters in a row has started to impact the bridge positively with higher rental income trends compared to the bridge we presented in the first quarter and also higher than the bridge we presented in the second quarter. This graph is not a guidance. It just highlights the rental income based on reported events in existing contracts.
It is upside to this bridge, particularly in the latter part of the period. Firstly, we aim to let out existing vacant space, which has a rental income potential of NOK 202 million per year. In addition to that, we have available space in our ongoing project portfolio, which has a rental income potential of NOK 55 million a year. Thirdly, there is market rental -- market rent reversion potential of NOK 247 million. And lastly, we expect to relet space that already feed into vacancy in this bridge following terminations in previous periods.
Moving then over to our property value, which increased to NOK 64 billion in the quarter. Total value changes are NOK 235 million, of which value changes in our investment properties are negative with NOK 88 million, which is a value reduction of 0.15%. We have positive value impact from net letting and a slight positive also from market rents, but this was offset by increased void on a couple of assets we are preparing for project, which is at the end of the lifetime. And in addition to this, the appraisers have also reduced their forward CPI assumption slightly on our portfolio.
The deviation between the appraisers is now very limited at only 1.3%, and this has come gradually down over several quarters. CapEx in the quarter was NOK 315 million, mostly related to the 5 ongoing reported projects. We will continue to have a disciplined investment strategy and prioritize defensive CapEx to increase occupancy on existing portfolio and realize market rent uplift. On the right-hand side, you can see that our net asset value increased also slightly in the quarter from NOK 166 per share in second quarter -- NOK 666 (sic) [ NOK 166 ] per share in the second quarter to NOK 167 per share in the third quarter.
Moving then over to our debt metrics, which continued to have a slight improvement in the third quarter. The ICR looks like have bottomed out and also improved slightly to 2.04 measured over the last 12 months. The leverage ratio improved from 49.1% to 48.8%, while our net interest-bearing debt to EBITDA was flat at 11.7. We expect to continue a gradual improvement in our debt metrics, and this is supported by our running cash flow from our project management, combined with continued capital discipline. In addition to this, there is potential for value increases on our portfolio over time.
We have created a solid financing platform in 2025 with an average time to maturity of our total debt at 3.8 years. The debt capital market was open with tightening spreads during the third quarter. We have issued NOK 2.3 billion in new green unsecured bonds with 5-year bonds at 115 point spreads and 6-year bonds at 128 point spreads. And after the quarter end, we issued a new green fixed 6-year bond at 118 basis point spreads. As you can see in the graph to the right, we have undrawn bank credit lines of NOK 8.8 billion committed until 2028. We have reduced our bank lines during the quarter to improve funding costs, but still we have ample available liquidity over the next 24 months. We also see that the bank spreads are also coming in during the third quarter, and we will continue to work to optimize our total funding cost going forward.
On the left-hand side, you can see that 66% of our debt financing is green, and we have capacity to issue more green debt based on our existing environmental-friendly asset base. We will continue to have a conservative approach when it comes to both leverage and interest rates going forward. And with the gradual improvement in our credit metrics and continuous capital discipline, we believe that we are on the path for a rating upgrade in the future.
Moving then over to the cost of debt. All-in financing -- financial cost is up from 4.23% to 4.38%, while the interest rate on our interest-bearing debt is down to 3.91% in the quarter. Despite a good credit margin and the second cut from the Norwegian Central Bank of 25 basis points in September, our interest rate forecast is slightly higher compared to what we presented in the second quarter due to an upward shift in the forward curve.
Despite this, over the next 12 months, we estimate relatively stable interest rates due to improved credit margins as well as our existing interest hedges. As Sonja talked you through earlier, we are now resuming shareholder distribution under a revised dividend policy. As you can see in this graph to the right, we paid out an increasing cash dividend up until 2022 before suspending dividend in 2023 and 2024 to focus on strengthening our balance sheet following challenging markets. We have now decided to pay out NOK 1.1 per share in cash for the first half of 2025, corresponding to 30% of the cash earnings in the same period.
On an annualized basis, this corresponds to a dividend yield of 1.9% based on yesterday's share price. The payout level is in line with the revised dividend policy to distribute a minimum 30% of cash earnings to the shareholders in form of cash dividends or share buybacks. With this policy, we also increase the flexibility to optimize our capital allocation to balance different objectives. We will maintain or improve our investment-grade rating and at the same time, provide a floor for capital distribution while opening more flexibility for either share buybacks or growth investments, whichever creates most value for our shareholders.
As Sonja also pointed out, we are not compromising on our return requirements or our commitments to create shareholder value. To underline this, we are formalizing our ambition to generate a return on equity of at least 10% over the cycle to ensure a disciplined long-term capital allocation. Internally, this will also help us to continue to strengthen our commercial mindset and alignment around profitability, project returns and cost discipline. We will have projects with higher returns and higher risk, and we will have projects with lower return and lower risk.
However, setting an overall return on equity ambition for our total portfolio will help us direct capital to assure best risk-adjusted returns. Our return on equity drivers includes the cash flow from managing our property portfolio, and this includes our cost-efficient financing platform, accretive project development and transactions and property value appreciation over time. This is a long-term ambition over a cycle, which typically can last up to 10 years.
Looking at the graph to the right, in the current market environment, this might look like an aggressive ambition given that we have seen below 5% return on equity over -- in the 2020s and 5.9% over the last 12 months. However, our historical performance shows that over the last 10 years, our average return on equity has been 12.6%. We consider above 10% return on equity to also be achievable in the future given a balanced macro and office market fundamentals.
So summing it up, we have a portfolio of high-quality assets and project development opportunities that are going to generate capital through cash earnings, gains from asset rotation as well as value appreciation with deleveraging over time. Our core priorities for capital use will be the investments required to preserve asset values, securing financial strength to maintain or improve our investment-grade rating and distribute at least 30% of our cash earnings in capital to our shareholders.
Excess capital will be distributed -- will be allocated between accretive growth investment that supports our return on equity ambition of over 10% over a cycle and additional direct shareholder distribution either through cash dividends or share buybacks. Overall, we believe that this framework gives us the flexibility to both invest in growth and return capital to shareholders, which we believe will support attractive shareholder returns over time. Sonja?
Okay. Thank you, Ole. A few closing remarks before we take some questions. We are pleased to be resuming dividends for the first half and paying NOK 1.1 per share in cash dividend. And the revised dividend policy with a capital distribution of at least 30% will provide more flexibility for either share buybacks or growth investment, whatever creates most shareholder value over time. And to underline this, we have now also formalized an internal ambition to generate a return on equity over time of 10%.
The revised dividend policy and return on equity ambition are key components in our capital allocation framework, as Ole mentioned. The Norwegian economy or economic activity continues to increase as lower interest rates and the strong wage growth has started to feed into the economy. And we expect to see stable employment growth going forward and also further rate cuts are expected to come in the years to come. Now with continued economic growth, the long-term letting market fundamentals are promising. We expect that the activity in the letting market should pick up, knowing that there are quite a few contracts there up for expiry in 2027.
And we are also seeing that -- sorry, market rents are converging to the breakeven rents we need to start projects in the city centers of Oslo and Bergen, which clearly is a good sign. And we are optimistic that we should be able to start some of these refurbishment projects in the quarters to come. Now we have a strong organic levers for growth, as Ole went through, both in the CPI adjustments, letting of vacant space reversion potential and projects. So we continue to work to deliver growth in the quarters to come. I think that leaves it for today. And I don't know if we have any questions, Isabel or Knut, I don't know.
Thank you, Sonja and Ole. We can -- we have a question. What are the specific actions and initiatives that will enable you to reach above 10% return on equity through the cycle?
Yes. Entra has a solid foundation. We have attractive high-quality assets at the clusters with -- at central transportation hubs in Oslo and Bergen. We have long-term clients, solid clients with CPI-linked contracts. Important for us first is to capture the organic growth, meaning increasing or reducing vacancy and capture the market rent reversal. In addition to this, it is -- we need to continue to optimize our funding costs and capitalize on the financing platform we have set up in 2025. Over time, with balanced macro and office market fundamentals, we should also have accretive project development, asset -- positive asset -- contribution from asset rotation as well as value increases on our portfolio over time. So in sum, this will basically drive up the return on equity above 10% over a cycle.
Thank you. What do you mean by a balanced office market? And what is your outlook for the market in your areas?
Well, first of all, I think economic growth supporting demand is, of course, an important driver for rental income growth and also that we have some normalized vacancy levels in the markets where we are operating, providing support to get the rental income growth we are expecting to see going forward. And currently, we also see that the market rents are slightly below the breakeven rents to get to the project returns we want to see on the land bank or new builds. However, that is also in the move. So we hope to see that we will get some more support from market rental growth also to start new projects because it has also been an important part or an important lever for the return on equity in the history that we've made some good projects.
And the projects we make, they're also in the clusters, which we are working to transform. So we have previously seen that when we do new projects in the [indiscernible] quarter, it increases the entire rent on the portfolio in that area. And that's also something we are now very strongly positioned to do around the Central Station. So if we can start new projects in the area around the Central Station, we will harvest on a portfolio of 200,000 square meters of management portfolio when the market rent is pushed up by the project developments we do. And in the long-term perspective, that is also part of our picture when we look to get to the return on equity ambition of above 10%.
Thank you, Sonja and Ole. We'll conclude the Q&A session for today.
Okay. Thank you. Thank you all for joining us, and see you again next quarter.
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Entra — Q3 2025 Earnings Call
Entra — Q2 2025 Earnings Call
1. Management Discussion
Good morning, and welcome to Entra's Second Quarter Presentation.
Moving right on to the highlights. Rental income of NOK 770 million this quarter, that is NOK 83 million below same quarter last year, mainly due to divestments.
Net income from property management of NOK 352 million this quarter compared to NOK 348 million same quarter last year. And net income from property management is then 10% up compared to same quarter -- sorry, last quarter, first quarter.
Net value changes of NOK 191 million in the quarter and the value increases on our investment properties of NOK 289 million. Leaving us then with a profit before tax of NOK 534 million.
We were also pleased to see then that our EPRA NRV increased to NOK 166, up with NOK 3 in the quarter, and we have had a very strong letting activity with net letting coming out at NOK 22 million, increasing also our occupancy rate then to 94.6% in the quarter.
Our climate targets have now also been validated by the science-based targets initiative under the building sector framework as the first Norwegian company.
So moving on to operations. As I said, we had a very high letting activity in the quarter and gross leasing of NOK 203 million in the quarter with also terminations in the quarter of NOK 102 million.
As I commented on last quarter, we had a large deal affecting the numbers with Yara, where we chose to extend their existing lease in their existing headquarter building at Skøyen for a 10-year period and at the same time, terminate the lease, which they signed with us 1 year ago for a larger space in a neighboring building.
This is a good deal for us as we will have lower CapEx in both these buildings. It may, however, affect our vacancy from the second quarter next year onwards. The cash effects of that deal was already reflected in the rental income bridge. And this deal has a negative net letting effect of NOK 24 million, which is included then in the quarterly net letting, which came out with a positive of NOK 22 million.
The high letting activity has also brought our occupancy up with 80 basis points. So as mentioned, we are currently at 94.6%. And all in all, a very strong quarter for us. Pleased to see that the measures we've put in place and also very dedicated and hard work from the entire Entra team is starting to pay off.
Now due to previous terminations, which already are reflected in the rental income bridge, we do expect to see more fluctuations in the occupancy rate going forward depending on also when we choose to start future refurbishment projects.
We have great locations. We have very attractive products, which are in demand in the market. Market trends are increasing, and we expect to see increases going forward. So we are very conscious about chasing the rent uplift potential in our management portfolio at the same time as we work to increase the occupancy ratio. So we are confident that we will be able to let the vacant space, but also, as I've said before, realistic that it may take some time as we want to chase the rent uplifts in the market.
At the bottom here, you can see some of the largest contracts signed in the quarter with the Yara International. And in Bergen, TV2 has prolonged for 9,400 square meters and increasing also activity in our project in Bergen, which I will get back to.
This quarter, we started the refurbishment project in Drammensveien 134. This is a building of 21,000 square meters located at Skøyen. It's consisting of office, retail and parking and we are pleased that we have re-signed with 66% of the existing tenants in the building, and we will now start the refurbishment as the technical infrastructure is ready for an upgrade as well as some of the office space.
When doing this, we will also increase the energy class from D2C, ensuring that this building will be aligned with the taxonomy requirements and thereby also available for our green pool of financing in the future. The yield on cost on this building will be around 5.8% for the project as compared to then prime yields at Skøyen currently around 5%.
Our ongoing development projects are all progressing according to plan on time and costs. A few comments on the arrows you can see here Holtermanns in Trondheim, we have taken down the costs slightly seeing that we are now getting closer to or very close to completion, so some of the contingency reserves have been released.
In Bergen at Nonnesetergaten 4, the occupancy rate is up from 55% to 83% in the quarter. We have signed several leases there, some increasing qualities from tenants and also some extra VAT from public tenants. But this increasing the project cost, but this is fully compensated to higher rental income and the yield on cost remains the same. So in total, with -- including Drammensveien 134, the remaining CapEx on these projects now is currently at NOK 640 million.
Now we continue to have a disciplined approach to capital allocation, prioritizing project CapEx in relation to the letting activity in the short term. We are also very well positioned to increase the project activity when we get the rents required to provide attractive returns.
As mentioned, we were very pleased to see that the climate targets, as stated in our annual report, now also have been validated by the science-based targets initiative. This is a global initiative that assists companies in setting credible, comparable and research-based targets for greenhouse gas reduction in line with the Paris Agreement. The framework shows companies how they must reduce their emissions in the short term, meaning 5 to 10 years and also in the long term towards 2050 to be climate neutral.
To achieve the 2050 targets, the real estate sector, as all other industries, is depending on product innovation, technological development and also an industrialization of climate-friendly materials. But in the short term, we can focus on reducing our emissions from energy and also materials.
Now since electricity in Norway is primarily from renewable resources and also as a significant portion of our property portfolio is highly energy efficient, we have already low emissions from energy consumption in our portfolio. Consequently, Entra's largest emissions stems from the production and transportation of materials used in our project activity and operations and maintenance for the buildings.
So the most important thing for us to do in order to reach our targets is thus to reduce the consumption of materials and transportation going into our portfolio, which also aligns very well with our continuous focus to improve the profitability through reducing costs in project development and operations.
A few words on the market situation. First, let me start by saying that the Norwegian economy remains solid and stable despite the global market volatility. The direct impact of American tariffs are minimal for Norway seeing that we have less than 2% of our GDP as exports to the U.S. Yet, of course, as a small and open economy, Norway is exposed to any growth dampening indirect effects.
Norway is well positioned to both stimulate and support its economy through fiscal policies and public spending with its sovereign wealth fund. And we also have monetary policies, which remain available as an effective tool to stimulate the economy if necessary.
The first rate cuts came now in June where the Central Bank reduced the rate to 4.25%. And based on current estimates, they have also communicated that they expect up to 2 more cuts within the year.
The CPI came in at 3% for June, which was also in line with Norges Bank's estimates. And the economy is now expected to pick up as lower interest rates and solid wage growth starts feeding into the economy.
The mainland GDP growth is expected to be around 1.5% going forward in Norway. The growth has, in recent years, primarily being driven by public spending in addition to the -- to a large extent, oil and gas investments, which has benefited the West Coast of Norway. And further rate cuts should also now stimulate the more interest-sensitive parts of the economy, which also should benefit the Oslo region going forward.
Employment growth is expected to remain slightly positive going forward. In Oslo, the employment growth has primarily been within the public sector the last year, which currently now is also transitioning into different or new workplace solutions, and they are, therefore, not contributing to increase the net absorption for the moment.
The letting activity was slowed down in the second half of '24. The first quarter this year, we saw in the market as a whole, more or less normal volumes for the first quarter. The second quarter numbers came out just this week, where we could see that letting activity was in the lower range of what's normal for a second quarter, also knowing or relative to the volumes expiring for 2025. But at the same time, we have also seen that the lease searches -- the amount of lease searches coming out into the market have increased through both first and second quarter, which provide support for more activity in the second half as these tenders typically take 6 to 12 months before -- to conclude following -- after they come out.
The vacancy is currently around 6.5% in Oslo and is expected to increase to 7% going forward. Both in Oslo and Bergen, we see that there are variations between the different parts of the city with vacancies between 6% and 8% and also in some parts of the city with older building stock vacancy higher than 8%.
Now most of the vacancy remains in the smaller office segment for below 2,500 square meters. This is also where Entra has the majority of its vacancy, and we are experiencing that the competition is still pretty strong here as this also is where you meet the sublease market.
Now there is, as you can see from the bottom right graph, limited new supply coming into the market in the short term, but now with signs of increasing activity for larger office space or searches and also, as I'll get back to higher market trends in certain areas, more development activity could -- is likely going forward, which potentially also could expand supply from '28 and '29 onwards.
Yes, a few words on rental growth also. Now with the continued economic growth as a base case, the letting market fundamentals look very promising for Oslo going forward. And we believe that rents should increase more than inflation in the years to come. As you can see also from our consensus report top right, expectations there are that we will see around 11% rental income growth over the next 3 years. And fresh data, which came from [indiscernible] this week also show that the top segment, meaning the 25% most expensive leases in Oslo inner city around the central station where we also have the majority of our portfolio had an income growth of around 10% in the first 6 months of this year compared to same period last year. So we are now starting to see that market trends are converging towards rent levels we need to have to get to breakeven rents for new build projects.
A few words on the transaction market. It is -- the financing markets are available and the lending sentiment has been trending positive with also credit margins tightening, but still somewhat selective lending market in the banks.
The transaction market has remained active and is expected to pick up further in the second half with further rate cuts. In the first half, we saw transaction volumes around NOK 35 billion, which was more or less in line with the same period last year.
Prime yields are currently around 4.5% according to our consensus report, and this has also now been verified in transactions, both in the first -- or in the first half of this year, but then also we see that the buyers predominantly are in the prime segment has been equity buyers.
So I think that moves us over to Ole and a few words on the finances.
Thank you, Sonja. In Q2, our financial performance improved compared to previous periods. As you're all aware of, in Q2 2024, we divested our Trondheim portfolio. So for comparison purposes, we have marked out the Trondheim impact on rental income in the graph to the left.
Rental income came in at NOK 770 million, down from NOK 785 million in the same quarter last year, adjusted for the Trondheim divestment. We had positive impact in the quarter of NOK 17 million from CPI as well as a net positive impact from the projects of NOK 11 million. However, this was offset by divestments in addition to the Trondheim portfolio of minus NOK 10 million as well as negative like-for-like, excluding CPI of minus NOK 80 million due to increased vacancy.
In addition to this, in Q2 last year, we had NOK 15 million positive impact from a buyout of a lease agreement. Adjusted for all divestments and the lease buyout, the underlying growth in the quarter is 1.2% compared to the same quarter last here. Compared to the first quarter, the rental income is slightly down from NOK 774 million, and this is in line with the bridge that we presented in the first quarter.
Net income from property management was solid at NOK 352 million and slightly up from NOK 348 million in the same quarter last year. The loss of revenues from several divestments was offset by increased cost savings, increased interest cost savings, and I will come back with details on the other items which were also improved in the quarter on the next slide.
Compared to Q1, we had a significant improvement in income from property management from NOK 320 million to NOK 352 million. In Q1, we did have a one-off of NOK 11 million related to our bank refinancing. However, in addition to this, we have reduced both our interest expenses as well as our cost level in the quarter. Profit before tax came in at NOK 534 million, and this includes NOK 191 million in net positive value changes.
Moving to the full P&L. So I've already gone through the rental income details, but I will give you more flavor on the other cost items. OpEx came in at NOK 58 million or only 7.5% of our rental income. This is in the lower end of our historical range. The reduction from NOK 68 million in the same quarter last year is mainly due to the divestments we've done, but we also have reduced energy consumption in the quarter.
Looking at the other revenue, other costs, this was positively impacted by net gains of NOK 12 million on the forward sold Holtermanns project in Trondheim which is set for completion in the second half of this year.
Admin costs came in at NOK 51 million compared to the NOK 48 million we had in the same quarter last year. This is in line with expectation, and we have previously highlighted that we target to be around NOK 200 million in admin costs for the full year.
Net realized financials came in at NOK 333 million, down NOK 68 million compared to the same quarter last year. This is mostly due to a reduced debt level with nearly NOK 7 billion following the divestments we have done over the last 12 months. But in addition to this, we also have an average interest rate, which is lower than the same quarter last year, which represents nearly 1/3 of this improvement.
Net value changes from investment properties was positively with NOK 298 million, and I will come back with more details on this later on. And then we had negative value changes in our financial instruments of minus NOK 98 million, but this is split in 2. First, we have negative adjustments in our financial hedge positions of NOK 181 million caused by lower long- and medium-term interest rates. But this was partly offset by value increase in Entra's investment in SVG property of NOK 83 million. And this gave then a profit before tax of NOK 534 million.
Moving then to our per share data. Cash earnings per share is flat at NOK 7.1 measured over the last 12 months, as you can see in the graph to the left. However, our net asset value had a slight uptick for the fourth quarter in a row and came in at NOK 166 per share, up from NOK 163 per share in the first quarter. In addition to this, we have distributed NOK 37 in dividend since the IPO, which give a total return per year of 9%.
Over then to our rental income development. Looking into Q3, the bridge indicates a rental income of NOK 763 million, more or less similar to the bridge that we presented in the first quarter. But if you look into 2026, we can see that the solid net letting we had in the second quarter is impacting the bridge positively with improved rental income trends compared to what we presented in the first quarter bridge.
This graph is not a guidance. It just highlights the rental income based on reported events in existing contracts. There is upside in this bridge, especially in the latter part of the period, which we are changing. First and foremost, we aim to let out existing vacant space, which have a rental income potential of NOK 188 million per year. In addition to that, we have available vacant space in our ongoing project, which have a rental income potential of NOK 55 million per year. And lastly, we work on reletting space that will feed into vacancy following the terminations we have had in the last quarters.
Moving then over to our property value, which increased to NOK 63.8 billion in the quarter. Total value changes is NOK 372 million. Of these value changes in our investment properties is up with NOK 289 million or 0.5% compared to the first quarter.
And we also have value increase in our investment in SVG Property with NOK 83 million, which we have marked out in the graph here to the left. The increase in investment properties is mostly related to reduced discount rates from our appraisers as well as higher market rent expectations and only to a minor degree related to net letting. The deviation between the appraisers are relatively limited at 2.6%, and this has also come down slightly over the last few quarters.
CapEx in the quarter was NOK 335 million, mostly related to the 5 ongoing reported projects. We will continue to have a disciplined investment strategy and prioritize CapEx on increasing occupancy on current portfolio and realize then market rent lift. Portfolio net yield now stands at 4.94% and adjusted for fully let and market rent, it is at 5.72%.
Moving then over to our debt metrics, which continued with a slight improvement in this quarter. The ICR has bottomed out and increased from 1.98 to 2.03 in Q2 measured over the last 12 months. Isolated in Q2, it came in at 2.1.
Leverage ratio was unchanged at 49.1% and the same with net debt-to-EBITDA also unchanged at 11.7.
We expect a continued gradual improvement in our credit metrics going forward, supported by our running cash flow as well as continued capital discipline. In addition, there is potential for value increases as well as lower interest costs from further rate cuts, which has also feed into improved credit ratios.
We have created a solid financial platform in the first half of 2025 and the average time to maturity for our total debt now stands at 3.8 years. The debt capital market was opened during the quarter with tightening credit spreads during the period. We issued NOK 1.0 billion in new unsecured bonds with 6-year tenure at 140 basis points, down to 135 basis points credit spreads. And after the quarter end, we reopened the 6-year bond and issued another NOK 700 million at 128 basis points credit spread.
As you can see on this graph to the right, we have undrawn credit bank lines of NOK 8.2 billion, which is committed until 2028. And with that, we have ample available liquidity for more than next 24 months. And we will continue to work to optimize our total funding cost going forward. 62% of our debt financing is green, and we have capacity to issue more green debt, if required, due to our existing environmental-friendly asset portfolio.
We will continue going forward to have a conservative approach when it comes to both leverage and interest risk. And with the gradual improvement in credit metrics, we believe that we have set a path for a rating upgrade in the future.
Moving then to our cost of debt development. The all-in net financial cost is down from 4.44% in Q1 to 4.23%, as you can see in this graph, while the interest rate or interest-bearing debt was at 4.0% in the quarter. The interest rate cut from the Norwegian Central Bank of 25 basis points in June will first impact our Q3 numbers, which is why the forecast is down in Q3, as you can see also in this graph. Over the next 18 months, we expect a relatively stable interest rate due to the NIBOR forward curve and considering our fixed credit margin as well as our existing interest hedges.
And that's Sonja, I'll leave it over to you.
Thank you, Ole. A few closing remarks. First of all, summarizing the second quarter, it's been a positive one, strong letting from the Entra team with positive net letting also then increasing our occupancy with 80 basis points.
Pleased to see that lower NOK interest rates and also bond credit margins tightening, reducing our all-in financial costs. And the growth in net income from property management, as mentioned, has been then 10% since first quarter, and we continue to see increases in our property values this quarter.
We are operating in a very slid and stable Norwegian economy and the lower interest rates and real wage growth, which we have seen now for some years, should start feeding into the economy going forward. And there are expectations of further 2 -- up to 2 rate cuts during this year and employment growth remains slightly positive going forward, expectations of that.
Now we have a very promising long-term letting market fundamentals and now also seeing increased tenant search activity, which is a positive. And the first signs that market rents also are converging towards breakeven rents for new projects. So Entra is well set to provide growth going forward, both through CPI rent uplift potential, letting the vacant space and the project portfolio.
I think that sums it up for now. And I don't know if we have any questions as well.
Thank you, Sonja and Ole, we will then transition to the Q&A session with the first question being, having secured several contracts this quarter, have you had to adjust the price in the negotiations you've had?
No, I wouldn't say that. We are very conscious, as I said on chasing the rent uplift potential. And on every contract, we set targets and follow up on our targets. And what I'm seeing so far is that we are delivering well on our rent targets. So we're happy to see that. We're actually managing to take out the rent uplift, which we're seeing in the market.
Can you provide some flavor to the net letting going forward?
Yes, I can. We have put in place some extra measures in respect of increased resources, strengthening our team, which also should benefit us more actually going forward and increased focus on marketing. So based on also the pipeline, which I see now, we have quite a lot of activity coming into the second half, which we should benefit from. So positive in respect of gross letting.
And then when you look at risk of terminations or contracts at risk, we have limited volumes in '25 and '26 or with expiry in '25 and '26, as I said last quarter, around NOK 30 million contracts, which are not yet concluded in '25 and NOK 80 million in '26, and that's quite well diversified on around 20 contracts in both of these years.
And then there is always, of course, a risk that the net letting will be affected by terminations coming further out in the rental income bridge, but then we still have quite some time to work on letting. So positive momentum on letting and then we don't control the potential terminations.
This will be the last question for today. What is the expected rent uplift for Drammensveien 134 when the refurbishment is completed?
Well, first of all, good thing I probably didn't mention that, but we will have cash flow through the entire project phase, which, of course, is an extra plus for that project. And I believe that we, on that project are targeting an uplift should be around 6% in that project.
Thank you, Sonja. And with that, we'll conclude the Q&A session.
Thank you very much for joining us today, and we see you again next quarter.
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Entra — Q2 2025 Earnings Call
Finanzdaten von Entra
Umsatz
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Umsatz (TTM) einfach erklärtDirekte Kosten
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Bruttoertrag
Der Bruttoertrag gibt an, wie viel vom Umsatz nach Abzug der direkten Herstellkosten im Unternehmen verbleibt. Berechnet man den prozentualen Anteil vom Umsatz, spricht man von der Bruttomarge (engl. Gross Margin).
Brutto Marge einfach erklärtVertriebs- und Verwaltungskosten
Die Vertriebs- & Verwaltungskosten (engl. Selling, General & Administrative expenses, kurz SG&A) beinhalten alle Aufwände für Marketing und den Verkauf sowie die allgemeine Verwaltung des Unternehmens.
Forschungs- und Entwicklungskosten
Die Forschungs- und Entwicklungskosten (engl. research & development costs, kurz R&D) geben Auskunft darüber, wie viel das Unternehmen in die Forschung und die Entwicklung seiner Produkte investiert. Vor allem prozentual vom Umsatz und im Vergleich zu direkten Wettbewerbern sind die Kosten interessant.
EBITDA
Das EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) ist der Gewinn des Unternehmens vor Zinsen, Steuern und Abschreibungen. Berechnet man den prozentualen Anteil vom Umsatz, spricht man von der EBITDA-Marge.
Abschreibungen
Abschreibungen stellen Wertminderungen von Vermögensgegenständen des Unternehmens dar (z.B. durch Abnutzung von Maschinen).
EBIT (Operatives Ergebnis)
Das EBIT (engl. Earnings Before Interest and Taxes) ist der Gewinn des Unternehmens vor Zinsen und Steuern, das auch als operatives Ergebnis bezeichnet wird. Berechnet man den prozentualen Anteil vom Umsatz, spricht man von
der EBIT-Marge.
Nettogewinn
Der Nettogewinn stellt den Gewinn oder Verlust nach Abzug aller Kosten dar.
Nettogewinn einfach erklärtaktien.guide Premium
| Mär '26 |
+/-
%
|
||
| Umsatz | 3.523 3.523 |
5 %
5 %
100 %
|
|
| - Direkte Kosten | 502 502 |
40 %
40 %
14 %
|
|
| Bruttoertrag | 3.021 3.021 |
5 %
5 %
86 %
|
|
| - Vertriebs- und Verwaltungskosten | 206 206 |
6 %
6 %
6 %
|
|
| - Forschungs- und Entwicklungskosten | - - |
-
-
|
|
| EBITDA | 2.815 2.815 |
4 %
4 %
80 %
|
|
| - Abschreibungen | 3 3 |
25 %
25 %
0 %
|
|
| EBIT (Operatives Ergebnis) EBIT | 2.812 2.812 |
5 %
5 %
80 %
|
|
| Nettogewinn | 1.136 1.136 |
3 %
3 %
32 %
|
|
Angaben in Millionen NOK.
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| Hauptsitz | Norwegen |
| CEO | Ms. Horn |
| Mitarbeiter | 184 |
| Gegründet | 2012 |
| Webseite | www.entra.no |


